1. vt. & vi.战斗，斗争　 use physical violence against sb in a battle
2. vt. & vi.打架，吵架　 beat on sb each other; quarrel

　～ a battle　打仗
　～ disease　与疾病作斗争
　～ the enemy　打击敌人
　～ the fire　救火
　～ bravely　勇敢地战斗
　～ briefly　短暂地斗争
　～ closely　亲密地作战
　～ desperately　拼死搏斗
　～ fearlessly　无畏地斗争
　～ fiercely　强烈地抗击
　～ gallantly　勇敢地战斗
　～ hard　拼死搏斗
　～ heroically　英勇地战斗
　～ hopelessly　无希望地斗争
　～ incessantly　持续不断地斗争
　～ manfully　勇敢地战斗
　～ memorably　值得纪念地战斗
　～ passively　被动地斗争
　～ perpetually　永久地斗争
　～ rebelliously　叛逆性地斗争
　～ relentlessly　残酷地斗争
　～ reluctantly　不情愿地斗争
　～ resolutely　顽强地战斗
　～ silently　无声地斗争
　～ simultaneously　暂时斗争
　～ skeptically　心存怀疑地斗争
　～ stubbornly　顽强地战斗
　～ successfully　成功地战斗
　～ terrifically　恐怖地斗争
　～ thrillingly　激动地斗争
　～ unfairly　不公平地争斗
　～ valiantly　勇敢地战斗
　～ viciously　恶意地争斗
　～ back　抵抗，抑制，打回去
　～ back one's tears　强忍住眼泪
　～ the enemy back　把敌人打回去
　～ down　克服，抑制，征服
　～ down one's anger　抑制愤怒
　～ off　治好，击退，排斥，竭力避免
　～ off a cold　治好伤风
　～ off the effects of　消除…的影响
　～ out　拼命抵抗，竭力克服，通过斗争来解决
　～ it out　决一雌雄，争辩个明白
　～ one's way out　打出一条路
　～ together　打成一团
　～ up　奋力打，勇敢战斗
　～ about　为…而争吵
　～ against　与…战，抵抗
　～ against death　与死亡搏斗
　～ against difficulties　与困难斗争
　～ among themselves　自相战斗
　～ for　为…而斗争，争（干某事）
　～ for existence　为生存而挣扎
　～ for fame　为名誉而战
　～ for glory　为荣誉而战
　～ for higher wages and better conditions of labour　为高薪与更好的工作环境而抗争
　～ for one's life　为生活而奔波
　～ for the liberty and peace　为自由与和平而战
　～ like a lion　像狮子一样勇猛战斗
　～ over　争夺，为…争吵
　～ to a finish　奋战到底
　～ to the end　奋战到底
　～ to the finish for　为…打到底，为…决一死战
　～ to the very last　战斗到底
　～ with　与…战斗，抵抗
　～ with death　同死神搏斗

　Don't fight!You are mistaken.　别打啦！你们误会了。
　They always fight like cat and dog though they still love each other very much.　尽管他们彼此深爱着对方，但经常激烈地争吵。
　He worked neither for fame nor fortune and always fought at his ordinary post.　他不为名、不为利，始终战斗在平凡的岗位上。
　I fought all night to save his life.　为挽救他的生命我彻夜苦干。
　They were fighting to preserve their freedom.　他们为维护自由而战。
　You can fight him, but cau you beat him?　你可以打他，但是你能打过他吗?
　The Chinese people were fighting the Japanese invaders in many places in North China.　中国人民在华北许多地方同日本侵略者作战。
　They fought a duel.　他们俩进行了一场决斗。
　They fought the fire last night.　昨晚他们扑灭了大火。
　She dedicated her life to fighting corruption.　她毕生致力于与贪污腐化作斗争。
　Doctors have been fighting the disease for many years.　医生们多年来一直在和这种疾病作斗争。
　They made a detailed plan to fight the drought.　他们制订了一个详细的抗旱计划。
　Although they were cripples, they fought the way up the hill.　尽管他们的腿脚有缺陷，但还是尽力爬上了山。
　They fought a decisive battle〔fight, war〕.　他们打了决定性的一仗。
　We have fought scores of battles in order to win victory.　为赢得胜利，我们进行了多次战斗。
　He fought his bravest (war).　他打得最勇敢。
　Battle after battle was fought, finally the invaders were driven out of the country.　打了一仗又一仗，入侵者终于被赶出了那个国家。
　Many fierce battles were fought outside of the city.　城外发生过多次激战。
　The famous battle was fought here in 1948.　那场著名战役是1948年在这里进行的。
　The purpose of criticism is to increase the Party's fighting capacity.　批评的目的是为了增强党的战斗力。

 ♣ fight about　(v.+adv.)
　争夺；争吵　quarrel over; compete for sth
　He and his wife are always fighting about who will take the car.　他们夫妻俩经常为抢着用家里那部汽车互相争吵。
 ♣ fight against　(v.+prep.)
　与…作斗争〔争吵〕；反对…　oppose sb/a nation in a battle or quarrel; oppose sth
　Try to stop the children form fighting against each other.　别让孩子们在一起打架。
　We fought against odds.　我们以多对少。
　Britain fought against the US in the War of Independence.　在独立战争中英国与美国作战。
　The habitants tried to fight against being moved to another city, but it was no use.　居民们试图抵制移居到另一座城市去，但无济于事。
 ♣ fight back　(v.+adv.)
1. 抵抗，回击 resist; return an attack
　They fought back heroically.　他们英勇回击。
　Don't let them bully you, fight back!　别让他们欺负你，把他们顶回去！
　As I fought back, he drew his sword and thrust it at me.　当我还手的时候，他拔出剑向我刺来。
　The aggressors were fiercely fought back.　侵略者遭到猛烈的抵抗。
2. 强忍住 struggle to control
　Little Hans couldn't fight back his desire for the chocolate cake and ate a small piece before it was served.　在巧克力蛋糕还没有端上桌之前，小汉斯就忍不住吃了一小块。
　When you begin to give up smoking, you have to fight back your craving for cigarettes.　戒烟之初，你得抗拒住烟瘾。
　Her tears were fought back on such an occasion.　在这种场合下她忍住了眼泪。
3. 恢复 struggle to return (to a former condition)
　Everything seemed to be against me, But I fought back to my old position of strength.　那时一切事情看起来对我都不顺利，然而我努力恢复了体力。
　After several reverses, they fought their way back to their old seats on the Board.　几次失败之后他们又回到谈判桌旁。
 ♣ fight down　(v.+adv.)
　控〔抑〕制，克服　struggle to control sth
　The firemen fought the flames down at last.　消防队员最终扑灭了大火。
　It's difficult to fight down a desire to sleep.　困意上来难以抑制。
　She fought down her excitement and went on with her work.　她极力克制自己的激动，继续干工作。
　You have made a great mistake and you will have to fight it down.　你犯了个严重错误，你必须克服。
 ♣ fight for　(v.+prep.)
　为…而战斗〔竞争〕　fight to defend; compete with sb/sth to get sth/sb
　They fought for their country.　他们为祖国而战斗。
　He called on workers to fight for their rights.　他号召工人们为得到应有的权利而斗争。
　Abraham Lincoln called on his people to fight for freedom for all—Negroes and Whites.　亚伯拉罕·林肯号召他的人民为所有的人——黑人和白人的自由而战斗。
　Every year I have to fight for an increase in pay.　每年我都必须为增加工资而卖力工作。
 ♣ fight off　(v.+adv.)
1. 在战斗〔自卫〕中击败（某人） defeat sb in a fight
　The policeman fought off two men who attacked him.　那个警察打跑了两个攻击他的人。
2. 竭力摆脱〔驱走、阻止、回避…〕 keep sth away with an effort; struggle to prevent (sth unwanted); avoid (sb unwanted)
　She was always having to fight off the men who wanted to marry her.　她总是竭力摆脱那些想和她结婚的男人。
　He fought off sleep as he tried to finish the task.　他尽量赶走瞌睡，以便力争完成任务。
　They drank alcohol to fight off cold.　他们饮酒御寒。
　I must wear warm clothes, as I am fighting off this cold.　为了摆脱感冒，我必须穿暖和些。
　This is a possible cure to fight off cancer.　这也许是治愈癌症的良方。
 ♣ fight on¹　(v.+adv.)
　继续战斗　continue fighting
　We must fight on until the end.　我们必须战斗到底。
 ♣ fight on²　(v.+prep.)
1. 在…作战 fight in a place
　We had to fight on the seas and oceans.　我们不得不在海上作战。
　We shall fight on the beaches.　我们将在海滩作战。
2. 在（某方面）反对（某人） oppose sb about a matter
　I'll fight you on that question.　在那个问题上我不同意你的看法。
 ♣ fight out　(v.+adv.)
1. 解决矛盾 try to settle a disagreement
　The committee fought the matter out for hours, and still could not agree.　委员会对这一问题商讨了几个小时，仍未达成一致。
2. 努力离开… struggle to leave
　They were surrounded and had to fight their way out.　他们被包围了，必须突围出来。
　The crowd was so thick that I had to fight my way out.　人太多了，我不得不拼命地挤出去。
 ♣ fight it out　(v.+pron.+adv.)
　争论，争辩；竞争　fight or argue until one of them wins
　He likes to fight it out whenever others disagree with him.　当别人与他意见不一致时，他总喜欢争辩个明白。
　I can't see any point in fighting it out, why do you want to argue?　我看争来争去没有意思，你们为什么要争论呢?
　The two tennis players have fought five rounds but still can't fight it out.　这两个网球手打了五个回合还不能决出高下。
　While the two teams were fighting it out on football field, their coaches were waging a psychological warfare as well.　两队在球场上决一雌雄之际，也是双方教练进行心理战之时。
 ♣ fight over　(v.+prep.)
　争夺；争吵　quarrel over; compete for sth
　It's quite an honour to have two men fighting over me.　有两个人争着要我，我感到很荣幸。
　The birds in the garden are fighting over a piece of bread.　园子里的小鸟正在争夺一片面包。
 ♣ fight shy of　(v.+adj.+prep.)
　害怕…　fear about sb/sth
　Children often fight shy of dentists.　孩子们常常害怕看牙病。
　He never fights shy of hard work.　他从不躲避艰苦的工作。
 ♣ fight through¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 决战 (cause to) fight until a result is reached
　The two opposing armies fought through to the end.　双方军队在进行生死决战。
　We must fight this battle through to victory.　我们必须战斗到最后胜利。
2. 努力得到赞同 struggle to gain approval of sth
　The committee member had difficulty in fighting his suggestion through.　委员要使他的提案通过有很大困难。
 ♣ fight through²　(v.+prep.)
1. 奋力通过 struggle through or make one's way through (sb/sth)
　I could only get out by fighting through the crowd.　我只能从人群中奋力挤出来。
　The traveller had to fight his way through the tropical forest with an axe.　探险者靠一把斧头奋力穿过热带雨林。
　We fought our way through the crowds to try to catch a glimpse of the parade.　我们奋力挤进人群，想看一眼游行队伍。
2. 全面反对 oppose sth throughout
　Opposing members of the committee fought the suggested changes through every stage.　委员会中的反对派对改革方案的每一项条款都强烈反对。
3. 力排众议 (cause to) pass with a struggle through sth
　You'll have to fight through a lot of opposition to get the rules changed.　你们必须力排众议，以求变法。
　The committee member successfully fought his suggested changes through the necessary stages.　委员成功地推行了他的改革方案。
 ♣ fight together　(v.+adv.)
1. 并肩作战 fight with sb's help, as friends
　We must all fight together to prevent further evil.　我们必须同心协力预防更大的灾难。
2. 相互争斗 fight together against sb, as enemies
　Two dogs were fighting together on the street.　两条狗在大街上咬起来了。
　His parents fought together, and he just stood there looking.　他的父母打成一团，他只是站在那里看。
 ♣ fight with　(v.+prep.)
1. 用（某种武器）与（某人）交战；用（某种方式、手段）反对（某人） fight or oppose sb/sth using (weapons or other means)
　Now, we fight with guns.　现在，我们用枪打仗。
　They fought with bows and arrows.　他们用弓箭作战。
　The man fought his attacker with a stick.　那人用棍子打跑了偷袭者。
　We can fight evil with good.　我们能够靠正义战胜邪恶。
2. 与…争斗 fight against
　Try to stop the children from fighting with each other.　快把打架的孩子拉开。
　Have you been fighting with your brother again?　你又跟弟弟打架了吧?
　They had to fight with a force twice their number.　他们不得不同两倍于他们的敌人作战。
3. 联盟作战 fight with help of
　In World War Two, the Americans fought with the Britain and French against the Germans.　二战中美国联合英、法两国对德作战。

 ♣ fight against, fight with
1. fight against和fight with的意思相仿，都表示“同…作战”“同…斗争 ”，其后接动作的对象，但fight against着重在困难中抵抗。例如：
　You will have to fight against difficulties.　你必须克服困难。
　We may fight against our own feelings or desires.　我们可能会克制自己的感情和欲望。
2. fight with表示“用…作战”，其后多接工具。例如：
　In former times, people used to fight with swords.　早些时候，人们用剑进行格斗。
 ♣ fight for, fight over
　两者意思并不完全相同。其区别在于：
1. fight for的意思是“为…作战”，后接动作的目的。例如：
　They fought for independence.　他们为独立而战。
　He was away for three years fighting for his country.　为了保卫祖国，他离家去打了三年仗。
2. fight over的意思是“为…而争吵”。例如：
　He and his wife are always fighting over who will do the housework.　他们夫妻俩经常为谁应做家务而互相争吵。
 ♣ fight, contend, cope
　参见contend条。
 ♣ fight, quarrel, row
　这三个词的共同意思是“争吵”。它们的区别是：
1. quarrel一般指因意见不一致而发生“争吵”; fight常指因某件事而发生冲突。例如：
　The quarrel originates in a misunderstanding.　此口角由误会引起。
　The police broke up the fight.　警察阻止了斗殴。
2. quarrel通常是口角之争；而fight则是口、拳或脚交加，更常指“打仗”。例如：
　He felt obliged to leave after such an unpleasant quarrel.　在如此不愉快的争吵之后，他被迫离去。
　Have you been fighting with your brother again?　你又跟弟弟打架了吧?
　We must arouse them to fight for their own emancipation.　我们必须唤起他们为其自身的解放而斗争。
3. row主要用于打架、示威，强调公开化。
 ♣ fight, struggle
　这两个词都有“斗争”的意思。其区别在于：fight的含义具体，也可指为某一目标而斗争，但多指真刀真枪地搏斗；struggle的含义抽象，指在逆境中拼搏，以期达到某种目的。例如：
　We must struggle difficulties.　我们必须与困难作斗争。
　Martin struggled in the dark, without advice, without encouragement.　马丁在黑暗中挣扎，没有人给他出主意，没有人给他鼓励。
 ♣ 下面的句子有两种意思：

 ♣ 下面四句意思相同：

 ♣ 下面两句意思不同。试比较：

1. 在两次战争中英法曾联合与德国作战。
　［误］ Great Britain fought against Germany with French in two wars.
　［正］ Great Britain fought with French against Germany in two wars.
　［析］ fight with sb against sb为固定结构，意思是“与某人共同对…作战”。
2. 他们在同洪水作斗争。
　［误］ They were fighting against the floods.
　［正］ They were fighting the floods.
　［析］ 在表示与自然灾害或火灾等作斗争时， fight后须直接跟宾语，不接against.

1. fight一般指伤风及肉体的打斗，所以不宜用在友谊比赛中。
2. fight with既可表示“与…争斗”，又可表示“与…并肩作战”，须据上下文确定其具体含义。例如：
　They fought with the Italians in the last war and against them in this.　上次战争中他们同意大利并肩作战，而在这次战争中他们同意大利作战。

1. C 打架，吵架　 quarrel
2. C 战斗，斗争　 an act of fighting between two peoples, group, countries, etc.
3. U 斗志　 the power or desire to fight

　carry a ～ through　将战斗进行到底
　get into a ～ with　与…打架
　give a ～　打一仗
　lose the ～　战败
　make a ～　打一仗
　put up a good ～　奋勇战斗
　show ～　显示斗志
　take the ～ out of　瓦解…的斗志
　win one's ～　打胜仗
　bitter ～　苦战
　bloody ～　血战
　decisive ～　决战
　defensive ～　防御战
　dry ～　不流血的斗争
　equal ～　实力相当的拳击赛
　fierce ～　激战
　good ～　漂亮仗
　hand-to-hand ～　肉搏战
　hard ～　硬仗
　losing ～　失败的战斗，败仗
　real ～　真正的斗争
　running ～　追击战
　severe ～　激战
　sharp ～　尖锐的斗争
　stand-up ～　光明正大的斗争
　straight ～　一对一的竞选
　bayonet ～　白刃战
　gun ～　炮战
　land ～　陆战
　prize ～　职业拳击赛
　sea ～　海战
　street ～s　巷战
　～ on the subject　关于这个问题的争论

　In his anger he hit the man and a fight ensued.　一气之下，他打了那个人，接着是一场搏斗。
　He precipitated himself into fight.　他奋力投入搏斗。
　My brother was drawn into a fight outside the hotel.　我弟弟被人拉到旅馆外面去打架。
　He could never pass a street fight without pitching in.　他每逢碰到打群架都要参加。
　The boy justified himself by saying he did not begin the fight.　这个男孩为自己辩护说他没有首先动手打人。
　The fight between the boys had become so fierce that the teacher had to come out to pour oil on troubled waters.　两个男孩打得很厉害，老师只得出来调解。
　After a brave fight, he finally had to chuck in the towel.　他奋战一番，最后不得不认输。
　The fight would probably never have begun if one of the boys had not been edged on by a couple of bystanders.　要不是其中一个孩子受到几个旁观者的挑唆，这场架也许根本就打不起来。
　Our team put up a good fight, but were beaten in the end.　我们的球队已尽了力，但最后还是输了。
　The fighter accepted money to keep himself back from winning the fight.　这位职业拳击手接受了贿赂，因此在这场拳击比赛中他故意没有使自己获胜。
　You haven't been in a fight, have you?　你没有打过仗，是吗?
　They are determined to persevere in the fight.　他们决心坚持战斗。
　The fight for peace interests all nations.　为和平而奋斗事关所有国家。
　He came through countless fights.　他身经百战。
　I will not cease from mental fight, nor shall my sword sleep in my hand.　我不会停止内心的争斗，我的剑也不会在手中睡大觉。
　The fight against drug abuse goes on.　反对吸毒的斗争在继续。
　The news of the defeat took all the fight out of us.　战败的消息使我们完全丧失了斗志。

 ♣ pick a fight with　
　和…吵〔打〕架；向某人挑衅　bring about a quarrel intentionally; provoke an incident
　He picked a fight with his classmate.　他和他的同学打了一架。
　Eby's going through a tiresome stage, always picking fights with his brother for no reason at all.　伊比正在烦人的时候，总是和他的弟兄无故打架。

 ♣ fight, battle, combat, conflict, encounter, war
　参见battle条。

　［同义词］ v. altercate, argue, assault n. action, argument, battle, quarrel, war
　［词源］　古英语feohtan<中古英语fighten（战斗，搏斗）