1. vt. & vi.（使）惊恐　 (cause to) fill with fear
2. vt.吓唬　 influence or drive by fear

　～ badly　大惊
　～ deeply　害怕极了
　～ easily　容易吓住
　～ horribly　非常害怕
　～ insidiously　暗暗地害怕
　～ instinctively　本能地害怕
　～ terribly　非常害怕
　～ violently　害怕极了
　～ away　吓跑
　～ the burglar away　把贼吓跑
　～ the dog away　把狗吓跑
　～ the rat away　把老鼠吓跑
　～ away the squirrels　吓跑松鼠
　～ off　吓跑
　be ～ed at　受…惊吓，看见…大吃一惊
　be ～ed at the dog　看到狗就怕
　～ by　由于〔通过〕…而惊吓〔吓倒〕
　～ sb into　威吓某人做…
　～ sb into confession　吓得某人招供
　～ sb into fits　把某人吓得抽风
　～ sb into obedience　恐吓某人使其屈服
　～ sb into submission　吓唬某人屈服
　be ～ed of　害怕
　be ～ed of dog　害怕狗
　be ～ed of the police　害怕警察
　～ out of　威吓某人不做…
　～ sb out of wits　把某人吓破了胆
　～ sb to death　把某人吓得要死
　～ sb with a horror story　用恐怖的故事吓唬某人

　You'll find that I don't frighten easily.　你会发现我不是轻易就会害怕的。
　He left his gun outside so as not to frighten his wife.　他把枪留在外面以便不使他的妻子受到惊吓。
　Did the noise frighten you?　那声音使你害怕吗?
　It frightened me sometimes to see that.　看到那种事，有时真令我害怕。
　The hungry people in that country turned out in demonstration which frightened the ruling class.　那个国家的饥饿群众纷纷示威游行，使统治阶级大为惊恐。
　We can never be frightened when our principles are concerned.　牵涉到我们的原则时，我们是永远也吓不倒的。
　She was frightened to ride a bike.　她不敢骑自行车。
　I was frightened that he might cut himself.　我怕他会伤了他自己。
　The little girl was frightened her mother would not come back.　这位小女孩害怕她妈妈不回来。

 ♣ be frightened at
　对…大吃一惊　feel very strange to (sth/sb)
　He was frightened at the sight of the dog.　一见到那条狗他吓了一跳。
　The child was frightened at the sight of fire.　那孩子看到火吓了一跳。
　He was frightened at the noise.　他被这响声吓了一跳。
 ♣ be frightened of
　对…感到害怕　be afraid of (sb/sth)
　I was frightened of him when I saw him first.　我第一次见他时怕他。
　We were not frightened of the police.　我们不怕警察。
　Why are you frightened of dogs?　你为什么要怕狗?
　The girl was frightened of mice.　那女孩害怕老鼠。
　Some people are frightened of thunder, others of snake.　有些人害怕雷声，而有些人则害怕蛇。
　I wasn't frightened of the knife.　我没有被刀子吓住。
　When you were a child, were you frightened of the dark?　你在孩童时害怕黑暗吗?
　Ade was frightened of being left behind.　艾德害怕一个人被撇下。
 ♣ frighten away　(v.+adv.)
　吓跑，吓走　go or run away with fear
　They frightened that boy away.　他们把那孩子吓跑了。
　The barking of the dog frightened the burglar away.　狗吠把贼吓跑了。
　The boy frightened away the pigeons from the roof.　那男孩把屋顶上的鸽子吓飞了。
　The sudden noise frightened the deer away.　突如其来的响声把鹿吓跑了。
　He waved his torch to frighten away the wolf.　他挥动火把把狼吓跑了。
 ♣ frighten by　(v.+prep.)
　由于〔通过〕…而惊吓〔吓倒〕　be afraid of (sb/sth)
　He tried to frighten me by showing me a knife.　他用刀子吓唬我。
　We will not be frightened by threats.　威胁是不能把我们吓倒的。
　Are you frightened by earthquakes?　你害怕地震吗?
　The horse was badly frightened by the sudden noise.　那匹马被突然而来的嘈杂声吓坏了。
 ♣ frighten from　(v.+prep.)
　吓得（某人）不敢做（某事）　prevent sb from sth or doing sth
　They frightened him from his plan.　他们吓得他放弃了他的计划。
　The presence of the police frightened many criminals from attempting further crimes.　警察到场使许多犯罪分子不敢继续为非作歹。
 ♣ frighten into　(v.+prep.)
　恐吓（某人）做（某事）　persuade sb through fear into sth
　No enemy can frighten us into submission.　任何敌人的恐吓都不能使我们屈服。
　His parents frightened him into going to school.　他父母亲恐吓他上学去。
　Three robbers frightened the bank clerks into opening the safe.　三名强盗威吓银行职员打开保险箱。
　They frightened him into telling them the secret.　他们恐吓他以使他说出秘密。
　The child was frightened into silence.　那孩子被吓得一声不吭。
　He was frightened into confession.　他在恐吓之下招认了。
　The rascal was frightened into holding his tongue.　这坏蛋吓得不敢往下说了。
 ♣ frighten off　(v.+adv.)
　吓走（某人）　make (sb) leave through fear
　He frightened off his attacker by calling for the police.　他喊警察，吓跑了要向他行凶的人。
　The burglars were frightened off by the sound of our dog barking.　盗贼被我们家狗的吠叫声吓跑了。
 ♣ frighten out of　(v.+adv.+prep.)
　恐吓（某人）放弃…；把（某人）吓坏了　prevent (sb) from sth or doing sth through fear; make (sb) greatly afraid/worried
　The noise nearly frightened us out of senses.　那种喧嚣声几乎使我们吓得失去知觉。
　You frightened me out of my wits, saying that you wanted to kill yourself.　你说想自杀，简直把我吓坏了。
　The presence of the police frightened many criminals out of attempting further crimes.　警察的出现使许多犯罪分子不敢继续为非作歹。
　She was frightened out of her life, catching sight of a snake coming up to her.　看到一条蛇向她游来，她吓得要命。
　They were frightened out of their wits by our struggle.　我们的斗争使他们吓破了胆。
 ♣ frighten to　(v.+prep.)
　把（某人）吓得（要死）；使（某人）非常担忧　make (sb) greatly afraid or worried
　You frightened me to death, staying out all night!　你整夜不回家，把我急死了！
　Flying frightens some people to death.　坐飞机使一些人非常害怕。
　I was frightened to death. You must never play these practical jokes any more.　我被吓得要死。你以后再也不能这样恶作剧了。
　They were frightened to death by the accident.　那次事故把他们吓坏了。
　The old lady said that she was frightened to death by the earthquakes.　那老太太说她被地震吓坏了。

 ♣ frighten from, frighten into
　这两个短语中介词不同，意思则完全相反：前者的意思是“吓得（某人）不敢做（某事）”，后者的意思是“恐吓（某人）做（某事）”。试比较：

 ♣ frighten, fear
　参见fear条。
 ♣ frighten, astound
　这两个词的共同意思是“使吃惊”。它们的区别是：
1. frighten常指突然受到惊吓或较强的意外刺激而吃惊，常伴有发抖、发呆、尖叫等身体反应，有惧怕的意味；astound指对某事难以相信而“吃惊”。例如：
　He was astounded when he heard he had won.　他听到他获胜时，大吃一惊。
2. frighten的对象可以是人或动物；astound的对象只能是人。
 ♣ 下面两个句子意思不同：

　他们威胁那位老太太，让她在纸上签了字。
　［误］ They frightened the old lady to sign the paper.
　［正］ They frightened the old lady into signing the paper.
　［析］ 说“恐吓（某人）做某事”时， frighten的宾语后不可接动词不定式，而应该接"into v-ing”短语来表示。

　be frightened　多表示的是主语的感觉或情绪，通常是系表结构，而不是被动结构。

　［同义词］ panic, scare, startle, terrify
　［反义词］ calm, reassure
　［词源］　古英语fyrhto（惊吓，恐怖）