1. C 枪，炮　 a weapon from which bullets are fired through a metal tube
2. S 起跑信号，发令枪声　 signal to begin a race, given with a starting pistol

　adjust a ～　（将火炮等）调整好射击
　aim one's ～ at　把枪瞄准…
　beat the ～　偷跑
　carry a ～　带枪
　clean a ～　擦枪
　draw a ～　拔出枪来
　fire a ～　开枪
　hold a ～　持枪
　hold a ～ on sb　把枪对准某人
　hold a ～ to sb's head　把枪口对准某人的脑袋
　jump the ～　提前行动，（赛跑时的）抢跑
　lay a ～　瞄准
　level one's ～ at　用枪瞄准…，把枪对准…
　load a ～　装子弹
　man a ～　就位
　point a ～ at sb　用枪对着某人
　shoot a ～　放枪，打炮
　shoulder a ～　扛枪，使枪上肩
　stick to one's ～s　固守阵地，固执己见
　turn one's ～ round　掉转枪口
　big ～　大炮，大人物
　heavy ～　重炮
　light ～　轻型枪
　small ～　小枪
　air ～　气枪
　BB ～ BB　型气枪
　field ～　野战炮
　machine ～　机关枪
　magazine ～　连发枪
　ray ～　激光枪，射线枪
　shot ～　猎枪
　Tommy ～　〈口〉汤姆枪，冲锋枪
　starter's ～　发令枪
　warship with 16-inch ～s　装备16英寸口径大炮的兵舰
　as sure as a ～　千真万确
　be made like a ～　造得结实
　under the ～　在严密监视之下
　～ with a good field of fire　射程远的枪

　Guns are forbidden in China.　中国禁用枪。
　Rifles, pistols, revolvers and cannons are guns.　步枪、手枪、左轮手枪以及大炮都是枪炮。
　He shot a wolf with his gun.　他用枪打死了一只狼。
　The guns destroyed the enemy's position.　大炮摧毁了敌人的阵地。
　They painted the wall with a spray gun.　他们用喷枪给墙喷漆。
　Wait for the gun!　等着发令枪响。
　He hired a gun.　他雇了一名枪手。
　He is the criminal who used a gun to rob people.　他就是那个持枪抢劫的罪犯。

 ♣ a big〔great〕 gun
　大人物，要人　important person
　Several big guns from the headquarters are coming to see us today.　总部的几个大人物今天要来看我们。
 ♣ draw a gun on
　以枪威胁某人　use a gun to threaten sb
　I wasn't going to give him the money, but he drew a gun on me, so I had no choice.　我不想给他那笔钱，可是他用枪威胁我，于是我无可选择了。
 ♣ stick to〔stand by〕 one's guns
　坚持自己的意见　refuse to change one's opinions
　It should be an interesting argument, as both politicians are known for sticking to their guns, and neither is likely to give way to the other.　这次辩论一定很有意思，因为两位政治家都以坚持己见闻名，谁都不大可能向对方让步。
　At first the boss would not give Mary the raise in pay she wanted, but she stood by her guns and he gave it to her.　一开始老板不想按玛丽的要求给她加薪，但她坚持不让，于是老板就让步了。
 ♣ under the gun(s)
　全速　at full speed
　They were working under the gun to get the bridge repaired before the rainy season set in.　他们全力以赴，以便在雨季到来之前把桥修复。

 ♣ gun, artillery, cannon
　这组词都有“枪炮”“火炮”的意思。其区别是：gun指小型枪炮或其他枪状物、喷射器等；cannon指比较大型的、火力较猛的“大炮”“火炮”“加农炮”“榴弹炮”或战斗机上的“机关炮”; artillery是所有火炮，大炮的总称。例如：
　The gun sounded and the race began.　信号枪一响，赛跑就开始了。
　The soldiers fired the cannon.　士兵们发射大炮。
　They got an antiaircraft artillery from their enemy.　他们从敌人那里缴获一门高射炮。

　他枪杀了他的妹妹。
　［误］ He shot his sister by a gun.
　［正］ He shot his sister with a gun.
　［析］ gun是“枪杀”的工具，其前应用介词with，不可以用by.

　在英国用法及美国传统用法中， gun不指“手枪”，而是指各种“枪炮”“武器”，以及狩猎队中持枪的“猎手”。在现代英语中， gun往往泛指“手枪”。

1. vt. & vi.开枪，开炮　 shoot sb or fire the gun
2. vt. & vi.加大油门　 step heavily on the accelerator

　～ down　枪杀
　～ for　用枪搜索捕杀，寻求，争取，伺机加害

　The driver gunned away home.　司机加大油门驱车回家。
　The pilot of the airplane gunned his engine for a sharp climb.　飞行员加大油门使飞机急剧爬升。
　Two white-helmeted officers gunned their engines into life.　两名戴着白色头盔的军官一下子把发动机发动起来。

 ♣ gun down　(v.+adv.)
　用枪击伤，枪杀　shoot, kill or wound (sb) with a gun, especially without pity
　The criminal gunned the policeman down and escaped.　罪犯枪伤了警察，逃走了。
　The Japanese troops gunned down countless numbers of innocent Chinese when they invaded China.　日本军队侵略中国后，枪杀了无数无辜的中国人。
　The guard was gunned down.　卫兵被枪杀了。
 ♣ gun for　(v.+prep.)
1. 搜寻（某人） try to search (sb)
　Keep hidden, because they'll be gunning for you.　好好藏着，他们会搜寻你的。
2. 伺机加害 try to find reasons for attacking or harming (sb)
　I advise you to be very careful over the next several weeks, old Sanders is gunning for you.　我劝你今后几周里要特别小心，老桑德斯正在伺机害你。
　Ever since I proved he'd made a mistake in the report the boss has been gunning for me, trying to get me dismissed.　自从我证实了上司的报告有误后，他一直伺机报复，设法要把我解雇。
3. 追求，竭力谋求 try to seek sth
　He went gunning for rabbits.　他打兔子去了。
　They are gunning for support.　他们在寻求援助。
　He is gunning for a rise.　他在想方设法升职。

　［同义词］ n. heater, persuader, piece, pistol, shooter
　［词源］　中古英语gunne, gonne （枪，炮）