1. U 劳动，努力；工作　 effort or work, especially tiring physical work;a piece of work
2. C 劳工，工人　 workers, especially those who use their hands, considered as a group or class
3. U 分娩，（分娩时的）阵痛　 the act of giving birth

　begin the ～　开始劳动
　carry ～　做工作
　complete ～　完成工作
　continue one's ～　继续劳动
　cost ～　消耗劳动力
　devote much ～　付出许多努力
　do ～　劳动，干活，做工
　divide ～　分工
　draw ～　吸收劳动力
　engaged in ～　从事…劳动
　find ～　找到工作
　finish ～　完成工作，结束工作
　free from ～　免于劳动，免于苦役
　gain from ～　劳动所得
　handle ～　处理工作
　leave ～　歇工
　perform ～　从事劳动
　pursue one's ～　继续劳动
　quit ～　停止劳动
　require ～　需要劳动力
　save ～　节省劳力
　simplify the ～　简化工作
　spare no ～　不遗余力
　want ～　需要劳动
　waste a great deal of ～　浪费大量劳动
　backbreaking ～　极其繁重的体力劳动
　cheap ～　廉价劳动力
　creative ～　创造性劳动
　daily ～　日常劳动
　delicate ～　细致的劳动
　demanding ～　要求高的劳动
　dirty ～　脏活，吃力不讨好的活
　disagreeable ～　令人不愉快的劳动
　domestic ～　家务活
　easy ～　容易的劳动
　economic ～　经济工作
　educational ～　教育事业
　everyday ～　日常劳动
　excessive ～　过度的劳动
　exhausting ～　令人筋疲力尽的劳动
　firsthand ～　第一手工作
　forced ～　强迫劳动
　hard ～　艰苦的劳动
　honest ～　诚实的劳动
　human ～　人类劳动
　light ～　轻微的劳动，轻活
　manual ～　体力劳动
　mental ～　脑力劳动
　necessary ～　必要的劳动
　noble ～　高尚的工作
　orderly ～　有秩序的劳动
　organizational ～　组织劳动
　outdoor ～　室外劳动
　patient ～　耐心的劳动
　physical ～　体力劳动
　pleasant ～　令人愉快的劳动
　productive ～　生产劳动
　rough ～　粗活
　taxing ～　繁重的工作
　tiring ～　令人筋疲力尽的工作
　tough ～　困难的工作
　undercover ～　秘密劳动
　useful ～　有用的劳动，有益的劳动
　difficult ～　难产
　natural ～　自然分娩
　the first ～　头胎
　the second ～　二胎
　child ～　童工
　day ～　计日工
　farm ～　农场劳动
　field～　野外工作
　hand ～　手工劳动
　life ～　一生的工作
　muscle ～　体力劳动
　night ～　夜班
　prison ～　狱中劳役
　reconstruction ～　重建工作
　slave ～　奴役
　～ clothes　工作服
　～ conference　工作会议
　～ power　劳动力
　after one's ～s　完成工作后
　be in ～　分娩
　by ～　通过劳动
　woman in ～　分娩中的妇女
　go into ～ from　因…而小产
　quality of ～　劳动质量
　the hours of ～　劳动时间
　produced with ～　劳动所生产的
　～ of destruction　破坏工作
　～ of duty　本职工作
　～ of love　不取报酬的劳动，义务劳动

　We have replaced human labour with machines.　我们用机器取代了人工劳动。
　They live by honest labour.　他们靠正当劳动生活。
　This education aimed at combining brain work with manual labour.　此项教育的目的在于实现脑力劳动与体力劳动相结合。
　We should try to reform criminals through labour rather than punish them.　我们应该尽量通过劳动改造罪犯，而不是惩罚他们。
　We regard labour as a matter of honour.　我们认为劳动是光荣的事。
　These machines would relieve the peasants of their backbreaking labour.　这些机器可以把农民从繁重的体力劳动中解放出来。
　A good day's labour got his appetite up.　劳动了一整天，他饭吃得特别香。
　He forced his slaves into hard labour.　他逼迫他的奴隶们干苦役。
　Helpless, we watched a whole season's labour and half a year's food destroyed.　我们眼睁睁地看着整整一季度的劳动和半年的粮食被毁掉了。
　I have a labour for you.　我有活叫你干。
　She blushed when they criticized her for her incorrect attitude toward domestic labour.　当他们批评她对家务劳动的不正确态度时，她脸红了。
　This was what they achieved after two years of ceaseless military labour.　这是他们两年不懈的军事训练取得的成果。
　The criminal was sentenced to eight years at hard labour.　那罪犯被判处8年劳役。
　Some of the labour leaders were also questioned by the reactionary police.　一些工会领导人也受到反动警察的查问。
　The labour men tries their best to dam the river.　劳动人民尽最大努力筑堤防洪。
　In front of the labour exchange there are many people desiring to get a job.　职业介绍所门前有许多想找工作的人。
　They are admired for their labour discipline.　他们由于劳动纪律严明而受到人们的钦佩。
　Labour Day falls on a Monday this year.　今年劳动节是星期一。
　My mind flashed back to last Labour Day.　我的脑海里又闪现出去年劳动节的情景。
　It was widely held that the Labour Party would get in, but it failed in the election.　人们普遍认为工党会上台，但它在选举中失败了。
　They forged the links with the Labour Party.　他们与工党建立了联系。
　It is important to locate new industries where labour and raw materials are easily available.　把新工业设置在劳动力和原材料都便利的地方是很重要的。
　To take it apart now would mean wasting a lot of labour.　现在把它拆开，就会浪费大量劳动力。
　Many children were exploited as cheap labour in factories.　许多儿童在工厂里作为廉价劳动力受到剥削。
　Most of the nation's labour are on strike.　该国的大部分工人正在罢工。
　They mediated the settlement between labour and management.　他们通过调停解决了劳资纠纷。
　When the building was completed, he paid off the labours.　大楼完工后，他就付了工资，把工人打发走了。
　It is a scientific labour.　这是一项艰巨的科学任务。
　His labours are now at an end, and he can rest.　现在，他的艰辛的工作已经结束，可以休息了。
　When can the people cease from their labours?　人们什么时候才能停止他们的辛苦劳作呢?
　On her way back from the fields, she suddenly doubled over with labour pains.　从地里回来时，她突然感到一阵阵痛，不由得蹲了下去。
　His wife is in labour.　他的夫人正在分娩。
　She was in labour for two hours before her baby was finally born.　她分娩了两个小时，才生下婴儿。
　She went into labour two weeks early.　她提前两周分娩了。

 ♣ labour, toil, work
　这组词的共同意思是“劳动”“工作”。其区别在于：
1. labour通常指需要花很大力气并使人疲乏的体力劳动，也可指脑力劳动，但仅限于具体特殊困难的事情。
2. work含义很广，指任何有目的性的劳动，不论劳动的难易、轻重、时间的长短，是体力劳动还是脑力劳动，也可用来指机器等的操作。例如：
　He brought work home from the office.　他把要做的工作从办公室带回了家。
　They had pretty hard work getting the roof of the storehouse repaired before the rain came.　他们费了很大劲在下雨前将仓房顶修好。
　I have a lot of work to do.　我有许多工作要做。
　This Association does social work.　这个协会从事社会工作。
3. toil一般表示繁重的长时间劳动，带有令人感到非常疲乏的意味。例如：
　After much toil the furniture was all in the moving van.　经过一番劳累，家具都被搬进了搬运车。
　They spent months of toil on the water conservancy project.　他们为这个水利工程辛辛苦苦地干了几个月。
　The wealth of industrial society could only come from the toil of the masses.　工业社会的财富来自群众的辛勤劳动。
 ♣ labour, worker, working man, workman
　参见worker条。

　这个国家没有足够的熟练工人。
　［误］ The country has not enough skilled labours.
　［正］ The country has not enough skilled labour.
　［析］ labour作“工人”“劳工”解时，是“工人”的总称，作不可数名词，没有复数形式。

1. vi.劳动；努力　 work;try hard
2. vi.艰难行进　 move, slowly and with difficulty
3. vi. & vt.详细地做　 work out in detail;treat at great length

　～ the point　仔细地分析解释
　～ accidentally　偶尔劳动
　～ appropriately　适当地劳动
　～ arduously　艰难地劳动
　～ artificially　虚假地劳动
　～ assiduously　不懈地劳动
　～ bodily　整体地艰难移动
　～ casually　马虎地劳动
　～ cautiously　谨慎地艰难移动
　～ ceaselessly　不断地劳动
　～ clumsily　拙劣地劳动
　～ conditionally　有条件地劳动
　～ consciously　自觉地劳动
　～ cordially　真心诚意地劳动
　～ daringly　大胆地劳动
　～ diligently　勤奋地劳动
　～ doubtfully　难以预料地劳动
　～ economically　有效益地劳动
　～ efficiently　有效率地劳动
　～ extensively　大量地劳动
　～ fastidiously　挑剔地劳动
　～ frequently　经常劳动
　～ healthfully　有益于健康地劳动
　～ impetuously　急躁地劳动
　～ incessantly　不断地劳动
　～ indirectly　间接劳动
　～ industriously　辛勤地劳动
　～ insistently　引人注意地劳动
　～ intelligibly　可理解地艰难移动
　～ intentionally　有目的地劳动
　～ interestingly　有趣地劳动
　～ jerkily　笨拙地劳动
　～ laboriously　艰难地劳动
　～ logically　情理之中地劳动
　～ needlessly　不必要地劳动
　～ passively　消极劳动
　～ patiently　有耐性地劳动
　～ pointlessly　无意义地劳动
　～ probably　可能劳动
　～ professionally　熟练地劳动
　～ provisionally　暂且劳动
　～ readily　欣然劳动
　～ recklessly　不顾后果地劳动
　～ reluctantly　不情愿地劳动
　～ rightly　正当劳动
　～ satisfactorily　令人满意地劳动
　～ simultaneously　同时劳动
　～ skillfully　技术高超地劳动
　～ slowly　慢慢地劳动
　～ solely　单独地劳动
　～ specially　具体地劳动
　～ speciously　似是而非地劳动
　～ spectacularly　特殊地劳动
　～ speedily　快速地劳动
　～ substantially　实实在在地劳动
　～ symbolically　象征性地劳动
　～ systematically　系统地劳动
　～ tirelessly　不知疲倦地劳动
　～ tremulously　震颤地艰难移动
　～ temporarily　暂时劳动
　～ unbelievably　不可思议地劳动
　～ unconditionally　无条件地劳动
　～ unexpectedly　意外地劳动
　～ unhesitatingly　毫不犹豫地劳动
　～ voluntarily　自愿地劳动
　～ whole-heartedly　全心全意地劳动
　～ at　努力研究
　～ for　为…而努力工作
　～ under　苦于，被…所欺骗
　～ up　艰难地向上
　～ with　用…使…疲倦

　The editor laboured over the manuscript till early morning.　编辑煞费苦心地修改那篇稿件，一直改到凌晨。
　They laboured along the bad road.　他们在那条难走的路上艰难地行进。
　I laboured to understand him.　我努力了解他的意思。
　They have laboured to complete the job.　他们努力完成这一工作。
　We laboured hard to finish our job ahead of schedule.　我们努力工作，以期把活儿提前干完。
　He didn't know how to labour the wonders.　他不知道如何创造奇迹。
　There's no need to labour the point.　没有必要反复解释这一点。
　His argument is interesting but is at times somewhat clouded by a laboured style.　他的论证很值得回味，只是由于行文艰涩，有时不太清楚。
　The labouring people in Tibet developed the Tibetan plateau with their own labour and wisdom.　西藏劳动人民曾以自己的劳动和智慧开发了西藏。
　Cities grew rapidly, a large laboring class developed.　城市在迅速发展，结果导致劳动大军的发展。

 ♣ labour at　(v.+prep.)
　努力研究　work hard at
　Don't labour at your writing, try to make it seem easy and natural.　不要对你所写的东西过分雕琢，要把文章写得简明自然。
 ♣ labour for　(v.+prep.)
　为…而努力工作　work hard so as to
　Why should you labour for the boss of the company when he gives you no reward?　公司的老板不给你钱，你为什么还要为他卖命呢?
　They laboured for the happiness of mankind.　他们为人类的幸福而努力工作。
 ♣ labour under　(v.+prep.)
　苦于；被…所欺骗　work underneath
　You are labouring under an error if you think these rules will always be valid.　如果你认为这规章永久适用，那你就错了。
　People labour under the ignorance and superstition.　人们因愚昧和迷信而受害。
 ♣ labour up　(v.+prep.)
　艰难地向上　make a lot of effort up
　The car laboured up the hill.　汽车艰难地爬上山去。
　They laboured through the thick forest and up the steep hill.　他们艰难地穿过茂密的森林，爬上陡峭的山坡。
 ♣ labour with　(v.+prep.)
　用…使（某人）疲倦　make sb tired with sth
　His classmates were labouring with elementary algebra.　他的同学们正在绞尽脑汁地演算初等代数题。
　Don't labour the reader with unnecessary detail.　不要用不必要的细节使读者疲倦。

　［派生词］ labourer n.劳工，苦力‖laboured adj.缓慢而困难的；艰涩的，不流畅的‖laborious adj.（工作等）艰苦的，费力的；艰涩的，不流畅的
　［同义词］ n. effort, hands, task, work;workers, workforce, workmen, pain v. drudge, grind, heave, pitch, strive, struggle, suffer, sweat, toil, toss, work, strain
　［反义词］ n. ease, leisure, relaxation, rest v. idle, laze, loaf, lounge
　［词源］　中古英语<古英语<拉丁语labor（劳动）