1. vt.擦；搓；揉　 move one thing backwards and forwards on the surface of (another)
2. vt. & vi.接触；摩擦　 come into, or be in, contact with, by a sliding or up and down movement

　～ briskly　轻快地搓
　～ incessantly　不停地摩擦
　～ injuriously　致伤地摩擦
　～ mechanically　机械地摩擦
　～ skillfully　熟练地揉
　～ along　勉强相处
　～ down a horse　把马梳洗得光滑
　～ down rough points　把粗糙的尖端擦光
　～ in　擦进表层
　～ off colour　使颜色显得暗淡
　～ off rust　擦掉铁锈
　～ sb out　把某人干掉
　～ through　勉强渡过
　～ together　互相摩擦
　～ against　使…沾上
　～ sth into the skin　把某物擦进皮肤
　～ out of sth　擦某物
　～ with stone　用石块摩擦

　He bent over and rubbed his sore ankle.　他弯下腰去揉搓发痛的脚踝。
　My shoe is rubbed my heel.　我的一只鞋子硌脚跟。
　Rub this oil on your skin.　把这油擦在皮肤上。
　He was rubbing his hands all the time as if he was washing them, and smiling without stopping.　他一直在搓着手，好像是在洗手，并且不停地笑。
　Rub your hair dry.　把你的头发擦干。
　Go and rub your hands dry.　去把你的双手擦干。

 ♣ rub against　(v.+prep.)
1. 摩擦 (cause to) touch closely
　The journal rubs against the bearing surface.　轴颈在轴承面上摩擦。
　One part rubs against the other.　一部分与另一部分摩擦。
2. 把…往上面蹭，沾上 slide with pressure against
　The dog rubbed its head against my legs.　那狗把它的头往我的腿上蹭。
　You've rubbed your coat against some wet paint.　你把大衣沾上了未干的油漆。
 ♣ rub along　(v.+adv.)
1. 〈非正〉勉强维持，对付着过活 find a way to live with some difficulty
　He rubs along quite well.　他过得挺不错。
　Jack was not so much interested in making money, so long as he could manage to rub along.　只要日子能过得去，杰克对挣钱并不那么感兴趣。
2. 〈非正〉关系融洽 have a reasonably good relationship (with sb)
　He and his wife seem to rub along all right.　他和他的妻子似乎相处得挺不错。
　I find it difficult to rub along with Paul, he is so unpredictable.　我觉得和保罗很不好相处，他这个人深不可测。
 ♣ rub down　(v.+adv.)
　把…磨光滑　make smooth by rubbing
　Rub the wall down well before applying new paint.　在涂上新油漆之前，先将墙磨平。
　Trainers rub down an athlete after hard exercise.　运动员强烈的训练之后，教练员为他按摩。
 ♣ rub it in　(v.+pron.+adv.)
　〈非正〉反复提某人的过错、失败等 keep talking about sth that another person wants to forget
　Jerry was already unhappy because he fumbled the ball, but his teammates kept rubbing it in.　本来杰瑞就很不高兴，因为他失了球，而他的队友们还一再提那件事。
　I know I behaved foolishly but you needn't rub it in.　我知道我的行为很愚蠢，但你不必老提那件事。
 ♣ rub into　(v.+prep.)
1. 揉搓进… force (sth) to enter by rubbing
　Rub some of the cream into your skin to protect it from the sun.　在皮肤上擦些防晒霜，以防太阳晒。
　Rubbing this special cream into the insect bite will help to take away the worst of the pain.　用这种特制油膏在虫子咬过的地方揉搓可以大大减轻痛苦。
2. 〈非正〉灌输 teach sth to sb by forceful repetition
　Parents often try to rub into their children how much they owe to them.　做父母的经常向孩子灌输父母对子女恩重如山。
　I thought that by now I had been able to rub into you that you must ask permission first.　我原以为我已经反复向你讲清了做事情首先要得到许可。
 ♣ rub off　(v.+adv.)
1. （使）磨掉，擦掉 (cause to) be removed by rubbing
　She couldn't rub off the blood stain on her blouse.　她没法将上衣的血渍擦掉。
　The teacher rubbed the exercises off.　老师把练习擦掉了。
2. （使）减色 (cause to) appear less bright, praiseworthy, etc.
　With the passing of time, some of the glitter of the achievement has rubbed off.　随着时间的流逝，这一光辉的成就已有所减色。
　The news of rigged ballots has rubbed off much of the shine of their election victory.　他们操纵选票的消息使他们在选举中获得的胜利大为减色。
 ♣ rub off on　(v.+adv.+prep.)
1. 因摩擦而沾在…上 be moved from one thing to another by close touching
　Carbon rubs off on your hands.　碳会沾手。
2. 〈口〉因接触〔相处〕而对…产生影响 pass from one person to another as a result of close contact
　〔说明〕 rub off on不用于被动结构。
　Some of Martha's efficiency has rubbed off on you.　玛莎工作效率高，你也受到了一些影响。
 ♣ rub on　(v.+prep.)
　与…摩擦　touch with sth
　That door rubs on the floor.　那扇门与地板摩擦。
 ♣ rub out　(v.+adv.)
　〔说明〕 rub out常不用于进行体。
1. 磨；擦掉 (cause to) be removed by rubbing
　Rub out chalk marks with an eraser.　用黑板擦擦掉粉笔字迹。
　A section of the city was rubbed out in the earthquake.　这座城市的一部分在地震中遭到毁灭。
2. 〈美口〉干掉，杀死 murder sb
　Let's rub him out.　让我们把他干掉。
 ♣ rub through　(v.+adv.)
　〈非正〉勉强渡过，捱过　 reach some kind of success without proper methods
　There is a difficult time ahead, but we'll rub through somehow.　艰难的日子在后头，可是我们总能设法勉强对付过去。
 ♣ rub together　(v.+adv.)
　互相摩擦　make two things touch each other repeatedly
　This insect makes its strange noise by rubbing its back legs together.　这只昆虫摩擦它的两条后腿发出一种奇怪的声音。
 ♣ rub up　(v.+adv.)
　擦亮；重温　polish by rubbing; brush up
　She rubbed up the silver plates to a high gloss.　她把银盘擦得很亮。
　I'll have to rub up my French before I go to Paris.　去巴黎之前，我必须温习法语。
　Your English grammar needs to be rubbed up.　你的英语语法需要复习一下。
 ♣ rub up against　(v.+adv.+prep.)
1. 擦到 keep touching sth
　Don't let the wire rub up against the pipe.　别让电线碰到管子上。
2. 偶然遇到 come into contact with sb by accident
　〔说明〕 不用于被动结构，也不用于进行体。
　He used to rub up against many famous movie stars.　他过去经常偶然碰到许多有名的影星。
　You rub up against most interesting people in unlikely places.　你有时在想不到的地方遇到很有趣的人。
 ♣ rub with　(v.+prep.)
　用…反复擦　touch (sth) repeatedly and firmly with sth
　She rubbed the window with a cloth.　她用一块布擦窗子。
 ♣ rub shoulders with　(v.+n.+prep.)
　接触　live or work closely with sb
　The more we rub shoulders with the workers, the more we come to appreciate their excellent qualities.　我们和工人接触越多，就越能体会到他们的优秀品质。
　During those two terms at the boarding school, she rubbed shoulders with the rich.　那两个学期寄宿于学校，所以她与富人的子弟有了交往。

 ♣ rub, wipe
　参见wipe条。

　短语rub together中的together不可省去。例如：
　
　第一句中的rub是不及物动词， together用以表示两条大腿互相摩擦。第二句中的together表示的是两只手互相摩擦，而不是拿两只手往身上或墙上摩擦。