vt.　缺少；缺乏 be not enough;have less or little

　～ courage　缺乏勇气
　～ ten minutes　差十分钟
　～ the experience　缺少经验
　～ abruptly　突然缺乏
　～ absolutely　绝对缺乏
　～ abundantly　完全缺乏
　～ accidentally　偶然地缺乏
　～ bewilderingly　使人迷惑地缺乏
　～ completely　完全缺乏
　～ considerably　非常缺乏
　～ conspicuously　明显地缺乏
　～ deliberately　故意缺乏
　～ entirely　完全地缺乏
　～ essentially　基本缺乏
　～ excessively　过多缺乏
　～ exclusively　完全地缺乏
　～ financially　资金上地缺乏
　～ gradually　渐渐地缺乏
　～ gravely　严重地缺乏
　～ illogically　不合逻辑地缺乏
　～ impossibly　不可能缺乏
　～ incessantly　持续不断地缺乏
　～ inevitably　不可避免地缺乏
　～ insistently　明显地缺乏
　～ irrelevantly　不相关地缺乏
　～ liberally　大量地缺乏
　～ logically　情理之中地缺乏
　～ materially　物质上缺乏
　～ obviously　明显地缺乏
　～ powerfully　十分缺乏
　～ practically　实在缺乏
　～ prematurely　提前地缺乏
　～ primarily　首要缺乏
　～ principally　主要缺乏
　～ probably　很可能缺乏
　～ repeatedly　多次地缺乏
　～ resolutely　绝对地缺乏
　～ sadly　严重地缺乏
　～ seriously　严重地缺乏
　～ severely　严重缺乏
　～ simultaneously　同一时间地缺乏
　～ substantially　实实在在地缺乏
　～ superficially　表面上缺乏
　～ tentatively　暂时缺乏
　～ thoroughly　彻底缺乏
　～ unanimously　一致缺乏
　～ undoubtedly　毫无疑问缺乏
　～ unexpectedly　意外地缺乏
　～ unfavourably　产生不利的缺乏
　～ unhesitatingly　毫不迟疑地缺乏
　～ universally　普遍缺乏
　～ unmistakably　显而易见地缺乏
　～ unreasonably　不合理地缺乏
　～ utterly　完全缺乏
　～ visibly　明显地缺乏
　～ vitally　极其缺乏
　～ voluntarily　有意缺乏
　～ for money　缺钱
　～ for nothing　什么都不缺
　～ for plan　缺少计划
　～ in　缺乏（某种品质、特点等）
　～ in courage　缺乏勇气
　～ in energy　缺乏精力
　～ in strength　缺乏力量

　We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.　我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。
　I can't seem to lack anything.　我好像什么都不缺。
　We lacked food.　我们没有食物。
　We lack neither food nor clothing today.　如今，我们不愁吃，不缺穿。
　We never lack food and clothing if we're willing to work.　如果我们愿意工作，就不会缺吃少穿。
　The city lacks a good library.　这个城市缺少一个好图书馆。
　But they could not finish their work because they lacked money.　但是，他们无法完成这一工作，因为缺少钱。
　They met with many difficulties, for they lacked equipment, experience and technical data.　因为缺少设备，缺乏经验和技术资料，他们遇到不少困难。
　Red soil lacks organic matter.　红土缺乏有机质。
　A desert lacks water.　沙漠缺乏水。
　It lacks ten minutes of seven.　现在是七点差十分。
　The vote lacks three of being a majority.　差三张选票就过半数。
　He lacks decision.　他缺乏决断力。
　He wanted to say no, but lacked the courage.　他想不同意，但又没有勇气这样说。
　I lack words with which to express my thanks.　我无法以言语来表达我的感激之情。
　The company lacks sufficient money to invest in new products.　公司没有足够的钱对新产品投资。
　She lacks the strength to do the work.　做这项工作不是她力所能及的。
　We lacked the strength to walk any further.　我们没有力气再往前走了。
　I lacked the stamina to run the whole length of the race.　我没有跑完全程的精力。
　We lacked the experience to succeed.　我们缺乏取得成功的经验。

 ♣ lack for　(v.+prep.)
　缺少，缺乏　have need of sth
　〔说明〕 lack for不用于进行体，也不用于被动结构。
　She does not lack for friends.　她不缺朋友。
　He will not lack for advisers.　他会有很多出谋划策的人。
　The children lack for nothing although the parents are poorly dressed.　这些小孩什么都不缺，虽然他们的父母穿得不好。
　I will see that you lack for nothing while you attend college.　我要使你上大学时样样齐备。
　Nothing is lacking for our plan.　按我们的计划，什么也不缺了。
　They do not lack for funds.　他们不缺资金。
　You shall never lack for money while I am alive.　我活着你就永远不会缺钱。
　Because money was lacking for the project, the committee did not approve this project.　委员会没有批准这个项目，因为该项目缺乏经费。
　She has a wealthy childhood, never lacking for toys or books.　她有一个不愁吃不愁穿的童年，从来不缺玩具和书籍。
　Space lacks for a detailed description of it.　篇幅有限，不能对此详加描述。
　Time lacks for full explanation.　没有时间做充分的解释。
　He lacks the qualifications for the post.　他不具备担任这一职务的资格。
 ♣ be lacking
　缺乏；没有　be in short of;be not available
　Money is lacking.　钱不够。
　The necessary chemicals are lacking.　必要的化学药品缺乏。
　These conditions are still lacking.　这些条件还不具备。
　This evening newspaper is lacking in analytical articles.　这家晚报缺少分析性文章。
　Even if the play is lacking in conflict, it does have some superb poetry and a wealth of high astounding terms.　这个剧本即使缺乏冲突，倒还有优美的诗句和不少惊人的妙语。
　The room is lacking in colour.　这间房缺乏色彩。
　She was lacking in mathematical training.　她缺乏数学训练。
　His reception of us was lacking in warmth.　他接待我们不够热情。
　He is lacking in responsibility.　他缺乏责任心。
　None of his plans ever comes through because he is lacking in determination.　他的计划没有一个成功，因为他没有决心。
　Humour is lacking in his speech.　他讲话缺乏幽默。
　He is lacking in technical know-how.　他缺乏技术知识。
　He is lacking in manners.　他没有礼貌。
　She was lacking in wisdom.　她缺少智慧。
　We are poor, but we are not lacking in spirit.　我们人穷志不穷。
　He seems to be lacking in frankness.　他似乎不够坦率。
　A diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.　缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。
　Before we had a child we felt that there was something lacking in our lives.　在我们没有孩子的时候，总觉得生活中缺少什么。
　Though lacking in fluency, he spoke to the point.　他说得不流利但能切中要害。

 ♣ lack, be deficient in, want
　这组词（组）均可表示“缺乏”。其区别在于：
1. lack指完全没有或有而不足，所缺之物可好可坏，在用法上， lack后面不能接动名词。
2. want指缺乏值得有、希望有或为了完整性而必需的东西，在用法上want也可以跟动名词作宾语，而且用主动形式表示被动的意义。例如：
　She is wanting in common sense.　她缺乏常识。
　You shall never want while I have any money left.　只要我有余钱，就不会叫你缺少什么。
3. be deficient in则是具体或明确地指出、说明在某方面缺少或不足。例如：
　This food is deficient in iron.　这种食物缺乏铁。
　Nothing was deficient in this project.　这项工程什么都不缺。
 ♣ lack, fall short of
　这两者意思并不相同：lack的意思是“缺乏”;而fall short of的意思是“没有达到”。例如：
　He has the ability to work well, but he lacks confidence.　他有能力把工作做好，但他缺乏信心。
　The movie fell short of expectation.　影片没有人们想象中的好。
　The salary increases fell short of what they expected.　工资增加没有他们期待的那样多。
 ♣ lack for, want for
　这两个短语都可表示“缺乏必要的或想要的东西”，意义相近，常可互换，只是前者表示“客观缺乏什么”，而后者则进一步表明“主观上想要”，且lack for的意味比want for的意味弱。例如：
　As he is very rich he lacks for nothing.　他很富有，什么也不缺。
　We should not want for food.　我们不会缺少食物。

1. 他缺钱〔时间〕。
　［误］ He is lacking in money〔time〕.
　［正］ Time〔Money〕 is lacking.
　［析］ lack in只能用于有关人、物、事本质上的性质缺乏，而不可用于时间和金钱。
2. 他缺钱。
　［误］ He is lack of money.
　［正］ He lacks money.
　［析］ lack不是形容词，不可说be lack of.
3. 他完全没有良心。
　［误］ Conscience was lacked to him.
　［正］ He completely lacks conscience.
　那家伙缺乏理智。
　［误］ Common sense was lacked to that fellow.
　［正］ That fellow lacks common sense.
　［析］ lack是表示状态的及物动词，不用于被动结构。

S U 缺乏，不足，没有 the state of not having enough of sth

　lack　用作名词时基本意思是“缺乏，不足”，不可数，只用作单数形式，其前面加不定冠词a，常与介词of连用。

　create the ～　造成缺乏
　ease the ～　解决缺乏
　feel a ～　感到不足〔缺乏〕
　have no ～　不缺乏
　make up the ～　弥补不足
　recognize a ～　承认缺乏，认识到不足
　sense a ～　意识到不足〔缺乏〕
　show a ～　表现出不足
　supply a ～　补缺
　acute ～　严重缺乏
　complete ～　完全短缺，完全缺少
　desperate ～　严重不足
　general ～　普遍不足
　growing ～　日益缺乏
　housing ～　住房短缺
　serious ～　严重缺乏
　severe ～　严重缺乏
　food ～　食品短缺
　fuel ～s　燃料缺乏
　labor ～　劳力短缺
　material ～　材料的短缺
　teacher ～　师资短缺
　wartime ～　战时各种物资的短缺
　by ～ of　因缺…，因没有…
　for ～ of　因缺…，因没有…
　through ～ of　因缺…，因没有…
　～ of　缺少…
　～ of common sense　缺乏普通常识
　～ of energy　能源短缺
　～ of experience　缺乏经验
　～ of fuel　燃料的短缺
　～ of funds　资金不足
　～ of information　信息不足
　～ of interest　兴趣不足
　～ of method　缺乏办法
　～ of money　钱不够
　～ of proper protect　缺乏适当的保护
　～ of qualities　品质差
　～ of resources　资源短缺
　～ of sleep　缺少睡眠
　～ of space　缺少篇幅
　～ of time　缺乏时间
　～ of water　缺水

　He exhibited a complete lack of concern for others.　他表现出对别人的漠不关心。
　Hard work can often make up for a lack of ability.　努力工作经常可以弥补能力的不足。
　Their failure to reply to our letter seems to imply a lack of interest.　他们没有回我们的信，似乎暗示他们缺乏兴趣。
　Wrong opinions often proceed from a lack of information.　错误的看法往往产生于不了解情况。
　Lack of time prevented me from writing to you.　由于没有时间，我没能给你写信。
　Some people refer all the troubles to bad luck instead of lack of ability.　有些人把自己所有的苦恼都归咎于运气不佳，而不认为是缺乏能力。
　My sister has been preaching at me again about my lack of neatness.　我姐姐又在跟我唠叨，要我改掉不爱整洁的毛病。
　Henry's lack of money kept him from going to the conference.　亨利由于缺钱，不能去参加会议。
　You show promise as a musician but your lack of practice is keeping you back.　作为音乐家，你有很大的前途，但是缺乏实践，影响你的发展。
　His difficulties issue from his lack of knowledge.　他的困难是由于知识贫乏造成的。
　She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence.　她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
　John failed to win the prize, and he charged it to his lack of experience.　约翰没能得奖，他说是因为经验不足。
　His mistakes betrayed his lack of education.　他的种种错误显示出他缺乏教育。

 ♣ by lack of
　不足，因…而没有　the state of not having enough of sth
　I hate feeling fenced in by lack of money.　我讨厌手头拮据的境遇。
　His business was embarrassed for a time by lack of ready money.　他由于缺少流动资金使业务活动受阻。
 ♣ for lack of
　缺乏，因…而没有　the state of not having enough of sth
　You mustn't mistake lack of formal education for lack of wisdom.　你绝不能误认为没有受到正规教育就是没有智慧。
　The project was hung up for lack of funds.　由于缺少资金，这项工程被搁置下来。
　Several research institutions were closed down for lack of fund.　由于缺乏资金，好几家研究所被迫关门了。
 ♣ from lack of
　不足，因…而没有　the state of not having enough of sth
　The evils ensue from lack of a stable government.　这些弊病是由于缺乏稳定的政府而引起的。
　In a severe winter, wild animals can die from lack of food.　在寒冷的冬天，野兽可能因为缺乏食物而被饿死。
 ♣ the lack of
　…不足　 the state of not having enough of sth
　They carried on with their experiment in spite of the lack of facilities.　尽管设备不足，他们还是继续实验。
　The lack of facilities for elderly people has cast doubts on the whole of the redevelopment scheme.　整个重建计划缺乏提供给老人们的设施，这使人们对计划产生了怀疑。
　Although his range of reading was wide, he could not in some respects repair the lack of early education.　虽然他的阅读范围很广，但是在某些方面还不能弥补早年所受教育的不足。
　It is easy to discern a connection between high rents and the lack of housing.　显而易见，高房租和住房缺乏是彼此相关的。
　The long winter and the lack of fuel discouraged the settlers.　冬日漫漫，又缺乏燃料，使定居者感到泄气。
　As winter drew on, we felt the lack of an efficient way of heating the house.　冬天快到了，我们的房子尚无有效的取暖方法。
　We drop the plan because of the lack of support.　因为得不到支持，我们取消了这个计划。

 ♣ lack, absence, shortage, want
　参见absence条。

　那位科学家由于缺少经费而放弃了他的研究。
　［误］ The scientist abandoned his research because of the lack of funds.
　［正］ The scientist abandoned his research for lack of funds.
　彼得因毫不体贴母亲而受到严厉训斥。
　［误］ Peter was severely lectured because of the lack of consideration to his mother.
　［正］ Peter was severely lectured for lack of consideration to his mother.
　［析］ 表示“因缺乏”，可用for〔by, from, through〕 lack of，但不能用because of the lack of.

　［同义词］ n. absence, need, shortage, want v. miss, need, require, want
　［反义词］ n. abundance, profusion
　［词源］　中古英语lac（缺乏）