1. C 摇动，震动，颠簸　 act of shaking or being shaken
2. P 哆嗦，发颤　 fit of trembling or shivering

　get the ～s　发抖
　give sth a ～　摇一下某物
　have the ～s　使劲摇
　put sb on the ～　向某人勒索钱财
　dubious ～　含义不明的摇头
　fair ～　公平交易
　great ～　平凡
　hearty ～　亲切的握手
　impatient ～　不耐烦的摇头
　impressive ～　难忘的握手
　nervous ～　紧张的颤抖
　respectful ～　尊敬的握手
　strong ～　有力的握手
　weary ～　疲倦的摇头
　a fit of the ～s　打哆嗦
　with a ～　摇头
　a ～ of the head　摇一下头
　one ～ of the stick　棍棒的摇动

　I gave my purse a shake, and a coin fell out.　我摇了一下钱包，掉出一枚硬币。
　She gave the rug a good shake.　她用力抖掉小地毯上的尘土。
　One shake of the stick scared the dog away.　棍棒一摇动就把狗吓跑了。
　He gave the child a shake.　他摇了摇孩子。
　Papa dismissed the idea with a shake of his head.　爸爸摇了摇头打消了这个想法。
　He refused my request with a shake of his head.　他头一摇拒绝了我的要求。
　The shake of the speaker's hands betrayed his nervousness.　发言者双手颤抖，可见他很紧张。
　I began to get the shakes just thinking about the test.　一想到考试我就开始紧张不安。
　He has strong shake.　他握起手来很有力。
　The president welcomed the visitors with a hearty shake.　校长用热情的握手欢迎来访者。

 ♣ a fair shake
　公正、合理的安排，均等的机会　just or reasonable arrangement; fair chance
　She got a fair shake.　她得到了公正的待遇。
　He's a dealer who'll give you a fair shake.　他是个买卖公平的商人。
 ♣ in a couple of shakes〔in two shakes (of a lamb's tail)〕
　马上，立刻　in a moment; very soon
　Hang on!I'll be back in two shakes!　电话先不要挂！我马上就回来。
　I'll be ready in two shakes.　我马上就准备好。
 ♣ no great shakes
　并非很好，不太有效，不怎么适合，没什么了不起　not be very good, efficient, suitable, etc.
　She's no great shakes as an actress.　她不是什么名角儿。
　I'm no great shakes as a piano player, but I can sing well.　我钢琴弹得不好，但我唱歌唱得好。
　He called a special meeting telling us about his new idea, but it's really not great shakes.　他专门召集了一次会议，告诉我们他的新主意，但它实际上并没有什么价值。
　She's certainly not great shakes as a mother.　她当然只是一个普普通通的母亲。

1. vt. & vi.（使）急速摇动或颠簸　 cause sb/sth to move quickly and often jerkily from side to side or up and down
2. vi.发抖，打战，发颤　 (of a person) tremble; quiver; (of sb's voice) become weak or faltering
3. vt.使心绪不宁，烦恼或惊吓　 disturb the calmness of sb; trouble or shock sb

　～ a foot　跳舞
　～ apples　摇下苹果
　～ building　震动楼房
　～ hands　握手
　～ head　摇头
　～ leaves　摇树叶
　～ one's coat　脱去外衣
　～ one's head　摇头
　～ sand　抖沙子
　～ sides　捧腹大笑
　～ snow　抖雪
　～ stick　挥棍子
　～ the bad habit　除去坏习惯
　～ the bad influence　摆脱坏影响
　～ the chair　摇椅子
　～ the company to its foundations　动摇该公司的基础
　～ the dust　抖去尘土
　～ the house　震动房子
　～ the press　摆脱新闻报道
　～ the rain　抖雨水
　～ the sand　抖去沙子
　～ the snow　抖去雪
　～ one's belief　动摇信仰
　～ one's confidence　动摇信心
　～ one's determination　动摇决心
　～ one's religion　动摇宗教信仰
　～ one's testimony　动摇证词/cn>
　～ the economy　动摇经济

～+副词

　～ energetically　使劲地摇
　～ furiously　愤怒地挥动
　～ inwardly　向内摇
　～ quickly　快速地摇动
　～ rudely　粗鲁地摇动
　～ vehemently　使劲地摇
　～ vigorously　大力改组
　～ violently　猛烈震动
　～ warmly　热情地挥动
　～ well　摇匀
　～ away　抖掉
　～ the earth away　抖掉泥土
　～ down　把…摇落下来，适应，敲诈
　～ the fruit down　摇落果实
　～ off　摆脱，抖掉，推掉（责任），抛弃
　～ off a bad habit　改掉坏习惯
　～ off cold　治愈感冒
　～ out　摇开，抖开，抖掉
　～ out a sail　扬帆
　～ up　搅动，摇动，摇匀，使（人）振作
　～ up a bottle of medicine　摇匀药水
　～ up a cushion　抖松靠垫

～+副词+介词

　～ down for the night　临时借宿
　～ down in a new environment　适应新的环境
　～ out of　使摇落，抖掉

～+介词

　～ head at　对…摇头（表示不赞成）
　～ head at the idea　对这个建议摇头
　～ sb by the shoulder　抓住某人的肩膀猛摇
　～ from　使摇落，抖掉
　～ sth from a tree　把…从树上摇落
　～ sth off clothes　把衣服上的…抖掉
　～ head over　对…摇头（表示不赞成）
　～ with　因…而发抖
　～ with cold　冷得发抖
　～ with fear　害怕得发抖
　～ with laughter　捧腹大笑

　The earth was shaking.　地球在震动。
　Why are all the windows shaking?　窗子为什么抖动?
　We felt the house shaking.　我们感到房子在颤动。
　The house shakes when a train goes by.　火车经过时房子会摇动。
　I felt the ship shake and toss.　我感到船在颠簸。
　The rough road made the cart shake.　坑坑洼洼的道路使大车颠簸不停。
　In his anger he grasped the child and shook him violently.　愤怒之下，他抓住孩子狠命地摇。
　Don't shake your fist at me.　不要对我挥舞拳头。
　He shook salt onto his food.　他把盐撒到自己的食物上。
　The doctor shook her head.　那医生摇摇她的头。
　He refused to shake hands with me, just to spite me in public.　为了公开羞辱我，他拒绝和我握手。
　The two men shook each other by the hand.　那两个人握了握手。
　The thief managed to shake the police.　那个小偷设法摆脱了警察。
　The experience shook him badly.　这一经历使他大为震惊。
　The mining disaster shook the town.　这场矿难使全城震动。
　His mother's death had shaken him dreadfully.　他母亲的死对他打击很大。
　As magnificent as high mountains and surging rivers, the song shakes the earth.　这歌声气壮山河，震撼寰宇。
　The explosion shook the house to its foundations.　这一爆炸连地基都受到震动。
　It shook his religious faith seriously.　这严重动摇了他的宗教信仰。
　A sheet of metal was shaken to simulate the noise of thunder.　摇动一块金属片来模拟雷声。
　Nuts showered down when the tree was shaken.　摇动这棵树时，坚果纷纷落下。
　Her head was shaken by the doctor.　那位医生摇动她的头。
　She was too shaken after being assaulted to report the incident to the police.　她遭到强暴后失魂落魄，竟没有向警方报案。
　This medicine must be shaken before taking.　服此药前应摇匀。
　My belief, my confidence is shaken.　我的信仰，信心被动摇。
　They were much shaken at the news.　他们对此消息感到震惊。
　The little boy shook himself free of his mother's grasp.　那个小男孩扭动身子从他的母亲手里挣脱出来。
　The dog shook himself dry.　那条狗把自己抖干。
　Vibrations shook the panel loose.　仪板表震松了。

 ♣ shake down　(v.+adv.)
1. 使因摇晃而下落，下沉 fall, as to the ground or the bottom of a container, by shaking
　〔说明〕 shake down作此解时通常不用于被动结构。
　The contents of the packet may shake down in travelling.　袋子里的东西经摇晃会沉到底部。
　You don't have to climb the tree, it may be possible to shake the apples down.　你不一定要上树，或许可以把苹果摇落下来。
2. 〈英·非正〉 适应新的生活环境或新的工作 become accustomed to new condition of life or work
　You'll soon shake down in your new job.　你很快就会适应新的工作。
3. 勒索，敲诈 obtain money from sb by force
　This looks like a good neighbourhood, we can shake down every small shopkeeper in the street for at least 100 dollars.　这一街区看上去挺不错，从这条街的每一个小店主的身上我们至少可以敲诈100美元。
4. 〈主美·口〉彻底搜查 search sth thoroughly
　The police had to shake down every building in the street before they found the gunman.　警察在找到持枪歹徒之前，不得不搜查那条街的每一栋建筑物。
 ♣ shake off¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 抖掉，甩掉或摇晃掉 remove sth by shaking
　The horse moved its tail to shake off the flies.　那匹马摆动着尾巴撵走苍蝇。
　Angrily, she shook off his hand.　她生气地甩开他的手。
2. 逃脱，摆脱 escape from sb who is chasing one
　After a three-mile chase through the woods, he was able to shake off the police.　他在林子里被追捕了三英里，终于摆脱了警察。
　By running very hard he managed to shake off his pursuers.　他使劲跑以摆脱追他的人。
　The dog flew at me, but I shook it off.　这狗向我扑来，我躲开它。
3. 摆脱（麻烦，烦恼等），医治好 get rid of, free oneself from trouble, illness, etc.
　I can't seem to shake off this fever, I've had it all winter.　我整个冬天感冒发烧，似乎好不起来。
　How am I to shake off a way of thinking that I have had for thirty years?　我怎能摆脱三十年来形成的思想方法呢?
 ♣ shake off²　(v.+prep.)
　从…抖掉，甩掉　remove sth from sth by shaking
　With a violent movement, he shook his attacker off his back.　他猛一使劲，甩掉了背上的攻击者。
　He stamped his feet to shake the snow off his boots.　他跺着脚摇落靴子上的雪。
　The earthquake shook the picture off the wall.　那次地震把画像从墙上震落了。
 ♣ shake out　(v.+adv.)
1. 晃出，抖出，弄掉 remove sth by shaking
　Turning his trousers upside down, she shook out a lot of coins.　她倒提着他的裤子，抖出了许多硬币。
　I'm trying to shake the dust out.　我正尽力把尘土抖掉。
2. 抖空，甩空 empty sth by shaking
　Don't forget to shake the pockets out before you take your coat to the cleaner's.　你把上衣送到洗衣店之前，别忘记抖空衣兜。
3. 抖开或迎风展开 spread sth by shaking or holding it to the wind
　It's time to shake out the flag.　是旗子展开的时候了。
　If you shake the sheets out, they will lie flatter.　如果你把床单抖开，床单就会铺得更平。
4. 散开，疏散 spread out so as to be less easy to hit
　Tell the men to shake out as they cross the field.　传令士兵在通过田野时散开。
5. 彻底改组 reorganize sth thoroughly
　The committee needs to be shaken out to get rid of some of the older members.　委员会需要彻底改组，以淘汰一些年纪大的委员。
 ♣ shake out of　(v.+adv.+prep.)
1. 从…甩掉，抖掉 shake from
　Wait a minute, I want to shake some of this water out of my boots.　等一会儿，我要把靴子里的水往外甩一甩。
2. 使（某人）受到震动而改变（其思维方法等） change (sb) from (a way of thinking) with a shock
　Violent exercise might help to shake him out of his feeling of self-pity.　剧烈运动也许会使他摆脱自怜感。
　She needs a strong adviser to shake her out of her usual way of thinking.　必须有个强有力的劝说者来打动她，使她改变她那一贯的想法。
 ♣ shake up　(v.+adv.)
1. 摇匀 mix sth such as liquid by shaking; shake a bottle to mix its contents
　Shake up the salad-dressing before you put it on.　加色拉调料之前先把它摇匀。
2. 抖松 make (a cushion or pillow) fat and comfortable by shaking
　Mother ran round the room shaking up all the cushions when the door-bell rang.　母亲正在屋里跑来跑去忙着抖松所有的坐垫，这时门铃响了。
3. 使战栗，吃惊 give sb a bad shock
　The bad news shook me up.　这坏消息使我震惊。
　Did that lightning shake you up?　那闪电让你受惊了吧?
　No one was hurt, but many of the passengers were severely shaken up by the accident.　那次事故中无人受伤，但许多乘客都吓得胆战心惊。
4. 使振作起来 shock sb into activity
　That lazy boy need shaking up and being made to think for himself.　需要使那懒惰的孩子振作起来，促使他为自己想想。
　We've got to shake up all these people with old-fashioned ideas.　我们得使那些满脑子旧思想的人振作起来。
 ♣ shake with　(v.+prep.)
　由于…而发抖　move the body in very quick waves caused by (cold or a strong feeling)
　Her voice shook with emotion.　她的声音激动得发抖。
　The children waited outside the school, shaking with cold.　孩子们在校门外等待着，冻得直发抖。
　The prisoner shook with fear as he faced the court.　那囚犯面对法庭时吓得两腿直发抖。
　Her hands were shaking with nervousness as she admitted her fault to the group.　她向全组人员认错时，紧张得两手直发抖。

 ♣ shake, quake, quiver, rock, shiver, tremble
　这组词都可表示由于震动或受刺激而引起的振动或颤抖。其区别是：在表示因寒冷或恐惧而发抖时， shake, tremble, quiver和shiver常可互换。rock和shake强调外界因素所致， quake则强调自身因素引起。在摇动的幅度上， rock>quake>quiver>shiver. 在摇动的频率上， shiver>tremble>quiver>rock. 在程度上， quake最弱，几乎难以觉察。tremble强调无法克服性，而shiver则强调短暂性。用于指声音时， tremble只表示声音断断续续；quiver则指音调高低或声音强弱方面的颤抖。例如：
　His hands were trembling〔shaking〕 from cold.　他冷得两手直哆嗦。
　He was quaking〔shivering〕 in his boots at the thought.　他一想到这些就怕得发抖。
　The ground quaked under his feet.　大地在他脚下震动。
　His insides quaked at the thought.　想到这一点，他心里就发慌。
　The pine needles were still quivering.　松针还在抖动着。
　A network of ripples quivered momentarily across the surface of the still pool.　顷刻间平静的池面上轻轻地泛起一层涟漪。
　She tried to steady her fingers, but they quivered uncontrollably.　她想稳定住自己的手指，但它们不由自主地抖动不已。
　The tower rocked under the impact of the hurricane.　在飓风袭击下这座高塔摇晃得厉害。
　The earthquake rocked the house.　地震使房屋摇动。
　He was trembling with rage.　他气得发抖。
　The whole house trembled as the train went by.　火车经过时，整座屋子都在震颤。
　Such thought may make you shiver at first.　这种想法一开始会使你心惊肉跳。
 ♣ shake, ring
　参见ring条。

　［词源］　古英语sceacan（摇，震动）