| 词组 | go |
| 释义 | 1．go 和 come 有时可以通用。参见 come 1 2．go 的过去分词 gone 有时被用作形容词，作“已去的”解，如 He is gone. is gone 着重在“已去”的状态，has gone 便着重在“去”的动作。 He looks like a man suddenly gone mad 里的 gone 也是用作形容词。 3．have gone 是“已经去而不在这里”的意思，说“已经去（而又来了）”不可说 have gone，所以下面各句都不对： He has gone often recently. He has gone twice this week. He has gone only once. 该把各句里的 gone 改作 been away。假使指定到那里去，那末该说 He has been at Shanghai often recently 和 He has been there twice this week 等。 have gone 既然是“已经去而不在这里”的意思，所以不可说 I have gone。这句作“我已经去而不在这里”解，明明在这里才说话或写字，怎能说“不在这里”呢？但I had gone 是可以说的，因为在过去的某时“我”是可能“不在这里”的。又When I have gone 也是可以说的，因为这个从句指将来，不指现在，在将来的某时“我”是可能“不在这里”的。 比较下面两句： He has gone to Beijing. （他已经到北京去了。［也许已经到达，也许尚在路上］） He has been to Beijing. （他近来去过北京。［已经回来了］） 4．He has gone for five days 是“他已经去了，预备过五天回来”。不是“他已经去了五天”。He has been going for five days 是“他已经有五天要去而未去了”。实际不曾去。说“他已经去了五天”该说 He has been gone for five days 或 He has been away for five days。It is five days since he went 和 He went five days ago 都没有“他还未回来”的含意。 5．go 往往用现在时态或现在进行时态指将来，如 I go to Beijing next Friday 和 I am going to Beijing next Friday，作 I shall go to Beijing next Friday 解。 6．go on 后面接不定式和接现在分词意思不同，如 go on to read lesson ten 是“（读完了第九课）接着读第十课”，go on reading lesson ten 是“继续读第十课”。go on 后面接不定式指一个时刻（a point of time）的动作。例如：At half past three I went on to read lesson ten. go on 后面接现在分词指一段时间（a period of time）的动作。例如：For half an hour I went on reading lesson ten. go on with 指一个时刻或一段时间的动作都可以。例如：After a little pause he went on with his speech. 和 He went on with his speech for half an hour. 7．注意下面第一句里用 to read，第二句里用 to reading： Having read lesson nine I went on to read lesson ten. From reading lesson nine I went on to reading lesson ten. from...to...里的 to 是介词。 8．He began to go all sorts of places（他开始到各处去玩）里的 go 用作及物动词。注意后面是 places，假使把 places 改作 schools, theatres 等任何其他词，go 后面必须加上 to。 9．在口语里用作祈使语气或不定式的 go 后面的不定式有时没有 to，如 Go ask her 和 I'll go see my brother。 10．请别人先走时习惯上不说 Go first，该说 After you。 11．习惯上不说 Let me go away for a minute，该说 Excuse me a minute。 12．It is going to be fine tomorrow 里的 is going to...表示或然性。I am going to learn English 里的 am going to...表示意向。 |
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