词组 | can |
释义 | 1.can 用作“(罐头食品的)罐头”解是美国英语,相当于英国的 tin。can 用作“把……做成罐头食品”解原来也是美国英语,相当于英国的 tin,但现在在英国也很普通。 2.cannot 是英国拼写形式,can not 是美国拼写形式。 3.许多语法书里说表示“许可”该用 may,不该用 can。其实用 can 表示“许可”也很普通,如 You can go 和 You may go 意思相同,Can I go?和May I go?意思也相同。You can...有时有“我要你……”的意思。 在口语里往往用 cannot 表示“不许可”。例如:Children, you cannot throw the ball over the wall. 4.请求他人作某事,说Could you ...?比说Can you ...?婉转些。 5.could(虚拟过去式)有时表示愿望或倾向,如 I could eat another(我[现在]很想再吃一个)和 I could cry for shame。(我[现在]几乎因为羞耻而哭出来了。) 6.can 用在否定句和疑问句里往往表示可能,作“会……”解,如 He cannot be over fifty(他不会在五十岁以上,他至多不过五十岁)和 Can he be still living?(他仍旧活着吗?他现在还会活着吗?)can 后面接着完成时态一定表示可能,如 He cannot have seen her yesterday(他决不会在昨天见过她)和 Can I have said so?(我会曾经这样说么?)注意:He cannot have seen her yesterday 和 He could not see her yesterday(他昨天不能见她)不同,Can I have said so?和 Could I say so?(1.我曾经能够这样说么?2.我[现在]要这样说便能够这样说么?)不同。 7.You cannot be too careful 直译作“你不会太小心”,就是说“你不论怎样小心,总不会过分”,也就是说“你愈小心愈好”。下面各句也都是这个意思: You cannot be over careful. You cannot be careful enough. You cannot be sufficiently careful. You cannot take enough care. You cannot take sufficient care. 下面各句都跟上面各句相仿: We cannot recommend this book too strongly. I cannot see enough of him. We cannot exaggerate his attainments. This point cannot be overemphasized. 8.can 的过去式是 could,说过去的“能够”用 could 当然不错。例如:I told him I could do it.但单说 I could do it 很容易被人看作有 If I would do it, I could 或 I could do it, but somehow I don't do it 的意思。所以指过去的“能够”通常不用 could 而用 able。例如:I was able to do it. 比较下面各句: I told him I could do it.(指经常的或一次的能力,并不意味着实行) I was able to do it.(指经常的或一次的能力,并不意味着实行) I did it.(指经常的或一次的行为) I succeeded in doing it.(指一次的行为) I managed to do it.(指一次的行为) “他最后精通了英语”不可说 At last he could master English,通常也不说 At last he was able to master English。而用下面的任何一句: At last he mastered English. At last he succeeded in mastering English. At last he managed to master English. |
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