| 词组 | mid position details |
| 释义 | Contents overview mid-position : details200 mid-position: details1What exactly is mid-position?Mid-position adverbials usually go before one-word verbs (e.g. play, won). If a verb has more than one part (e.g. has written, was trying), they normally go after the auxiliary. And they go after am/are/is/was/were.before one-word verbsI always play tennis on Saturdays. (not I play always tennis …)It certainly looks like rain.We nearly won the match.after auxiliary verbsShe has never written to me. (not usually She never has written to me.)He was definitely trying to get into the house.The train will probably be late.You can almost see the sea from here.after am/are/is/was/wereShe was always kind to me. (not usually She always was kind to me.)It is probably too late now.I am obviously not welcome here.When there are two or more auxiliaries, the adverbial usually goes after the first.You have definitely been working too hard.She would never have been promoted if she hadn't changed jobs.When an auxiliary verb is used alone instead of a complete verb phrase (279), a mid-position adverbial comes before it.'Are you working?''I certainly am.'I don't trust politicians. I never have, and I never will.2mid-position (details): adverbials with negative verbsIn negative sentences, adverbials generally come before not if they emphasise the negative; otherwise they come after. Compare:I certainly do not agree.I do not often have headaches.Both positions are possible with some adverbials, often with a difference of meaning. Compare:I don't really like her. (mild dislike)I really don't like her. (strong dislike)When adverbials come before not, they may also come before the first auxiliary verb; they always come before do.I probably will not be there. (or I will probably not be there.)He probably does not know. (not He does probably not know.)Only one position is possible before a contracted negative.I probably won't be there.3mid-position (details): adverbials with emphatic verbsWhen we emphasise auxiliary verbs or am/are/is/was/were, we put most mid-position adverbials before them instead of after. Compare:–She has certainly made him angry.She certainly HAS made him angry!–Polite people always say thank-you.Yes, well, I always DO say thank-you.–I'm really sorry.I really AM sorry.4mid-position (details): American EnglishIn American English (319), mid-position adverbials are often put before auxiliary verbs and am/are/is/was/were, even when the verb is not emphasised, especially in an informal style. Compare:He has probably arrived by now. (normal in both AmE and BrE)He probably has arrived by now. (also normal in AmE; emphatic in BrE)As an extreme example, here are four sentences in a journalistic style taken from an American newspaper article on crime in Britain. The most normal British equivalents are given in brackets.'Britain long has been known as a land of law and order.' (BrE Britain has long been known …)'… but it probably will lead to a vote …' (BrE … but it will probably lead …)'… the Labor Party often has criticized police actions.' (BrE … the Labour Party has often criticised …)'… he ultimately was responsible for the treatment …' (BrE … he was ultimately responsible …)Previous Next |
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