词组 | astonished |
释义 | astonished In Bernstein 1965 we find the information that astonished at suggests disapproval, and astonished by approval. Lincoln Library 1924 takes a different approach. It says astonished "at a situation or a person's attitude, by an event." Astonished can be used with either at or by; the rest is simply editors' guesswork. Astonished was formerly used with with: • ... astonish'd with surprize —John Dryden, 1697 (OED) • ... his wits astonished with sorrow —Sir Philip Sidney, 1580 (OED) Our evidence for astonished followed by a preposition is not great enough to suggest statistical reliability, but we have considerably more evidence for at: • In central Chile I was astonished at the structure of a vast mound —Charles Darwin, On the Origin Of Species by Means of Natural Selection, 1859 • ... you shall be astonished at the gay dresses and painted cheeks —"Aguecheek," My Unknown Chum, 1912 • ... astonished at the ease with which she managed to make him drop into his seat again —Joseph Conrad, Chance, 1913 • We hefted one and were astonished at how heavy it was — New Yorker, 25 Oct. 1952 • ... astonished at the havoc wrought —F. Kingdon-Ward, Geographical Jour., June 1953 We have little evidence for by followed by a noun, but much more for by followed by a gerund. It may be the latter construction that prompted Lincoln Library to tie this combination to events. • One can never enter St. Peter's without being astonished by its vastness and its majesty —Arthur Milton, Rome in Seven Days, 1924 • ... Mrs. Pontifex astonished the whole village by showing unmistakable signs of a disposition to present her husband with an heir or heiress —Samuel Butler, The Way of All Flesh, 1903 • ... astonished his fellows by buying and smoking ten-cent cigars —Sherwood Anderson, Poor White, 1920 |
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