| 词组 | differ |
| 释义 | differ The basic advice of the usage books is this: when differ means "to be unlike," it is followed by the preposition from; when differ means "to disagree," it is followed by the preposition with or from. This advice is more or less a consensus of upwards of twenty commentators from Ayres 1881 to the present. Writers have apparently had no difficulty using these words, and the only controversy has been the disagreement of the usage writers among themselves about the propriety or desirability of with or from in the "disagree" sense. Most of the commentary consists of a few observations and a made-up example or two. Here are some actual examples. They include some other prepositions usually not mentioned, as well as those that stir contention. The sense "to be unlike" does, in fact, select from: • ... the mind of the mature poet differs from that of the immature one —T. S. Eliot, "Tradition and the Individual Talent," 1917 • ... in these features lunar materials differ from most terrestrial and meteoric rocks —Caryl P. Haskins, President's Report, Carnegie Institution of Washington, D.C., 1969-1970 • ... here Mercian, spoken between the Thames and the Humber, differed from Northumbrian, spoken north of the Humber —W. F. Bolton, A Short History of Literary English, 1967 • Society folk in Philadelphia certainly differ from the Boston breed —Bennett Cerf, Saturday Rev., 23 Apr. 1955 • They differ considerably from other tapeworms in structure —Libbie Henrietta Hyman, The Invertebrates, 1951 In its "disagree" sense, differ in current use takes with most frequently; but it is not a recent construction: • ... said that only one player had differed with the majority —Murray Chass, N. Y. Times, 30 Mar. 1980 • ... he arrives at interpretations that often differ with those of other critics —Richard Ellmann, N.Y. Times Book Rev., 4 Apr. 1976 • ... if they differ at all with American policy ... they are accused of being against us —Lester Markel, N.Y. Times Mag., 10 Jan. 1965 • The founders of Massachusetts, though they had come to America to seek religious freedom for themselves, would not allow it to others who differed with them —Dictionary of American History, 1940 • ... into conflict with his imperious uncle ... with whom he was hereafter to differ on almost every subject —Dictionary of American Biography, 1929 • ... the secretary, who told me how he had differed with his friends in parliament —Jonathan Swift, Journal to Stella, 29 Apr. 1711 Differ from in the "disagree" sense is a bit older than differ with, but it is not so frequent nowadays: • ... I saw him almost daily, listened to him, sometimes differed from him, at any rate listened to him —Sir John Squire, Britain To-Day, October 1953 • In this respect he differed profoundly from Burke — Times Literary Supp., 16 May 1935 • I read the Cicero, not because I differ a whit from you as to the author, but because it offered me some information I wanted —Oliver Wendell Holmes d. 1935, letter, 8 Jan. 1917 • I differed from him, because we are surer of the odiousness of one, than the errour of the other — James Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson, 1791 Among is also found with this sense: • Primitive rules of moral action, greatly as they differ among themselves, are all more or less advantageous —Havelock Ellis, The Dance of Life, 1923 Sometimes differ from can be interpreted in either sense: • ... the economic man has become dominant almost to the point of excluding values and interests that differ from his —Kenneth S. Davis, N. Y. Times Mag., 27 June 1954 When with is used with differ in its "be unlike" sense, as happens occasionally, it does not quite parallel the use of from with this sense of the verb. Here with means something like "in the case of: • ... details of the car-hire arrangement differ with each company —Richard Joseph, Your Trip to Britain, 1954 • Man probably gets ... , his "world view," from the language he learns, and it differs with every language —Stuart Chase, Power of Words, 1954 Several prepositions are used to indicate the subject of the difference. Here are a few typical examples: • ... frequently differed on policy matters —Current Biography 1949 • Opinions differ as to who were the first white visitors to Arizona —Dictionary of American History, 1940 • ... if they differ about the end itself —Brand Blan-shard, Saturday Rev., 29 Jan. 1955 • ... there was little persecution of those who differed in religious matters —American Guide Series: New Hampshire, 1938 |
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