| 词组 | dove |
| 释义 | dove Dive is a weak verb with the past tense dived. In the 19th century it developed a past tense dove—probably by analogy with drive, drove—in some British dialects and in North America. As far as we know, Longfellow was the first person to put it into print: • Dove as if he were a beaver —The Song of Hiawatha, 1855 Hall 1917 notes that Longfellow changed this to dived in later editions, probably at the suggestion of critics. The OED Supplement shows an 1857 comment on the prevalence of dove in Canada. Although some older books (such as Jensen 1935) have called dove incorrect, most, and especially the more recent ones, accept both dived and dove as correct. The usage of dove is really governed by geography rather than by social class or notions of correctness. Linguistic geographers have found it to be the prevalent past tense in the northern U.S. and some parts of Canada. A 1971 survey found it the prevalent past tense in California and Nevada. Some note that it is spreading southward in the U.S., having become common in some parts of Pennsylvania and eastern South Carolina and Georgia. Undoubtedly the Dictionary of American Regional English will give a more complete picture of its distribution in time. One notable enclave of dived in the northeastern U.S. is the editorial offices of the New York Times; their Winners & Sinners has been objecting to dove since the editorship of Theodore Bernstein. His successors have complained about dove at least as recently as March 1987. Here are a few examples of both forms: • When I dived in, several others climbed out —John Kenneth Galbraith, Ambassador's Journal, 1969 • One of the women dove in smartly and rose up past the tank window —E. L. Doctorow, World's Fair, 1985 • The plane dived and smartly landed —John Updike, Bech is Back, 1982 • Black dove the airplane, from a dizzy height that permitted him to see simultaneously London and Cherbourg —William F. Buckley, Jr., Cosmopolitan, October 1976 • Evans, a 16-year veteran, dived for the ball —Ron Fimrite, Sports Illustrated, 15 Oct. 1984 • And when I dove, the ball appeared to be 5 yards over my head —Joe Bellino, quoted in Boston Sunday Globe, 2 Dec. 1984 • ... he swam out and dived down to the bottom — Mordecai Richler, The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz, 1959 • Little boys dove in to grab the brass shell casings — Garrison Keillor, Lake Wobegon Days, 1985 Although dived is somewhat more common in writing in the U.S. and is usual in British English, dove is an acceptable variant. We suggest that you use whichever is more natural to you. |
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