| 词组 | forbid |
| 释义 | forbid 1. The past tense of forbid for a long time was written either forbade orforbad, with about equal occurrence. During the last 50 years or so, however, the spelling has gone heavily in favor of forbade, despite the fact that the more usual pronunciation of the word is analogous to that of bad. 2. When forbid is used with a preposition, to is the commonest choice, and while usually the construction is to and the infinitive, occasionally it may be to and an object: • ... given only bread and water, and forbidden to speak to his sisters —Bertrand Russell, Education and the Good Life, 1926 • ... they did not outright forbid me to see the Bab-cocks —George P. Elliott, Harper's, September 1970 • ... her inability to come to terms with herself forbade it to be otherwise —George F. Kennan, New Yorker, 1 May 1971 • ... had died in some awful combination of exile and expatriation, since their health forbade England to them —Mary McCarthy, .IV. Y. Rev. of Books, 9 Mar. 1972 Forbid is also used, although less often, with from. Critics deny that this usage is idiomatic, but it has been around for a long time. The OED enters it, and although it labels the sense rare and restricts the verb in this sense to use "with the personal object only," it provides evidence of usage from 1526. Our more recent evidence shows that while it is still used with the personal object, it is also applied to other kinds: • The Vatican issued an order forbidding all Catholic clergy from participating in Illich's Center —"Radical Cleric," A Center Occasional Paper, February 1971 • The new rules would ... forbid them [American companies] from giving the Soviet Union technology and expertise —Richard Burt, N.Y. Times, 19 Mar. 1980 • ... the electric utilities are forbidden from burning the plentiful high sulphur Eastern coal —Lorana Sullivan & Robert Samuelson, Sunday Times (London), 17 Mar. 1974 Forbid is also used with a gerund: • Foxy wasn't sure if the rules forbad using associations others had used —John Updike, Couples, 1968 • ... a promise to her family forbids her writing another book for a year —Publishers Weekly, 24 Jan. 1966 Language critics find this construction acceptable, but most say that forbid with to is more common. The evidence bears them out. An interesting thing to note, though, is that when forbid is used with from it is followed by a gerund, as the examples given earlier show. |
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