英语词汇chair的意思、翻译、用法及例句-英语用法大全

词组	chair
释义	chair 1. Verb. Chair is a verb formed by functional shift from the noun. On this basis Bernstein 1958, 1965 denounces the use of the verb chair in the meaning "to preside as chairman of; Copperud 1970, 1980 calls it journalese. Chair had been made a verb—in different meanings—as long ago as the 16th century, so that Bernstein's scorn of the term on the grounds of neologism was misplaced. The sense to which he objected, however, has been in use only since the 1920s; the OED Supplement has a citation from 1921. Both Copperud and Bryson 1984 note that dictionaries accept the term without comment. It is standard. • ... he willingly chaired committees and gave his energies selflessly —John Kenneth Galbraith, The Scotch, 1964 • ... a public meeting chaired by Governor Hind-marsh —Australian Dictionary of Biography, 1967 • ... chaired a contributors conference in April — Times Literary Supp., 19 Feb. 1971 • ... opposition in the committee hearings, chaired by Senator Sam Ervin —N.Y. Times, 1 Feb. 1972 Copperud finds chairman in the same sense "even more disagreeable." Chairman has been used as a verb since 1888. Chair would seem to be simpler. 2.Noun. It has been fashionable for a few years for persons unacquainted with the forms of parliamentary procedure to disparage the use of chair in the sense "chairman, chairwoman" as an ugly creation of the Women's Liberation movement. There is, of course, no law that requires people to know anything about the history of what they disparage, but we can tell those who are curious that chair has been used in this sense since the middle of the 17th century. Its earliest citation in the OED is dated 1658-9; it is only four years more recent than chairman. It is, moreover, a standard term of parliamentary procedure: • Sometimes the chair "appoints," in which case he names the members of the committee —Robert's Rules of Order, 2nd ed., 1893 • I second the motion. (The seconder need not stand up, address the chair, or be recognized.) —J. C. Tressler & Henry I. Christ, English in Action, 7th ed., 1960 • In the event of a change or an addition, the member addresses the Chair, waits for recognition, and states his point —John V. Irwin & Marjorie Rosenberger, Modern Speech, 1961 Our evidence suggests that this sense of chair may perhaps be more often encountered in programs, directions for the submission of papers, and the like, than it is in running context. It is not, however, unusual in running context. • The Conservative chairwoman ... was far more liberal than the Labour chair had been in calling speakers who opposed the motion —Mollie Panter-Downes, New Yorker, 30 Oct. 1971 Harper 1985 and Reader's Digest 1983 recommend the use of chair in place of chairperson. See also chairman, chairwoman, chairperson, chairlady.
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