■ leave

1) 后面加 to inf.。

• He left his secretary to make all the arrangements.他让秘书去安排一切。
• We are left to wonder whether human beings are born evil or just pushed down the road to immorality due to environmental factors.这使得我们要弄清楚，究竟人生下来就是邪恶的呢，还是只不过后来由于环境因素才被推到不仁不义的境地。

2) 后面加 -ing。

• Searing heat blasts through this desert city every summer, leaving its thousands of homeless residents searching for shelter from the torrid temperatures.灼热的气流，每年夏天都横扫这个沙漠城市，使得它数以千计无家可归的居民到处寻找躲开炎热气温的避难所。
• Our time together always left me wondering about what he had been like before the dementia set in. (Newsweek, Nov. 21, 2005, p.24)我们在一起的时间，总是使我心中琢磨，他害上痴呆病之前，是什么样子的。

3) 后面加形容词或动词过去分词。

• Writing this way might well leave the reader intolerably ill at ease.这样的写法，会使得读者感到非常不舒服。
• It soon became clear, however, that this would leave the system no more solvent than before. (The Atlantic Monthly, Nov. 2005, p.42)人们很快就看清楚，这样的做法，并不会使得这个体系更有支付能力。
• I look forward to continuing our campaign and our debate about how to leave this country better off for the next generation. (Hillary Clinton, Feb. 6, 2008)我期待继续进行竞选和辩论，处理如何使得这个国家的下一代更好过的问题。
• ... programs (=FDR's New Deal and LBJ's Great Society) that by the late 1970s had left the US economy caught in a stagflationary trap. (US News& World Report, April 21, 2008, p.46)…这些措施（即罗斯福的新政和约翰逊的大社会）到了 70 年代后期，已经使得美国经济陷入了滞胀的困境。

4) 后面加名词，表示“使之成为…”。

• Iraq is in a dizzying downward spiral that has left Iran the undisputed champion of political Islam. (US News & World Report, Dec. 11, 2006, p.88)伊拉克正在令人眼花目眩地打转转向下滑，从而使得伊朗成为伊斯兰政坛上无可争议的老大。

5) 后面加 with 或 without 短语。

• His tendency to work too hard left him with insomnia, headaches and hallucination.他干起活来不要命的习惯，使得他害上了失眠症、头痛和幻觉症。
• A rare early Oct. snowstorm left parts of the Great Lakes and Midwest blanketed with 2 feet of snow Friday morning... The snow downed scores of tree limbs and toppled power lines, leaving more than 220,000 customers without electricity in western New York. (The Associated Press, Oct. 13, 2006)一场罕见的十月早期暴风雪，使得五大湖区和中西部星期五早上盖上了两英尺的雪…大雪压倒了许多树干，翻倒了电线杆，使得纽约州西部二十二万多用户停电。

主动语态时，通常是瞬间动作。被动语态时则可以是瞬间动作，也可以是延续状态。

• The reader is left with the impression that...读者于是得到一个印象，似乎…
• One may be left with the suspicion the author is not all there.人们可能产生疑问，是不是作者有点置身事外。
• More than 100,000 utility customers throughout the region, including 44,000 in Maine and 38,000 in upstate New York, were left without power Sunday by winds gusting up to 60 mph. (The Associated Press, Oct. 30, 2006)全区十多万电力用户，其中缅因州四万四千户，纽约上州三万八千户，星期日由于阵风达每小时六十英里而断了电。

6) 后面加其他介词短语。

• The wording of the editorial leaves the reader in a fog as to what the author meant to say.社论的措辞，使得读者对于作者究竟要说什么，如堕五里雾中。
• Iran's aspirations leave Washington and Teheran in a complicated, testy face-off. (Foreign Affairs, Vol. 85, No. 4, July/Aug., 2006, p.68)伊朗的追求，使得华盛顿和德黑兰处于错综复杂的、彼此气冲冲的摊牌局面。

7) 后面加上述多种不同的成分。

• A chance encounter between two teenage boys with a previous grudge Monday night left one dead and the other in jail.两个先前闹过别扭的少年男孩，星期一夜里偶然相遇，发生打斗，结果一个身亡，一个入狱。

值得注意的是：leave 后面的直接宾语可能很长，结构很复杂，因而再后面的宾语补足语同 leave 相隔很远，此时要注意呼应关系，不要断线。

• The slayings left people of this once-peaceful mountain town and the university at its heart praying for the victims and struggling to find order in a tragedy of such unspeakable horror it defies reason. (The Associated Press, April 17, 2007)经过这次残杀事件，这个曾经一度宁静的山城和它中心的大学的人们只好为遇难者祈祷，设法如何在这场毫无理智难以形容的恐怖悲剧中安静下来。