1. vt.带（去），携带　 carry sb/sth from one place to another
2. vt.拿，取，抓　 seize with the hand and hold
3. vt.需要，花费　 need (a period of time); spend
4. vt.学习，教　 study sth; teach sb or give sb lessons or instructions
5. vt.取得，接受，容纳　 get; accept or receive
6. vt.买下，租用　 buy; rent
7. vt.吃，喝，服　 swallow; eat or drink
8. vt.乘车，上船　 use as a way of getting from one place to another
9. vt.测定，量；拍　 test or measure sth; photograph sb/sth
10. vt.　记录，记下　 write down
11. vt.　理解，领会　 understand
12. vt.　对待，认为　 have the stated feelings as to; consider
13. vt.　占有，获得　 get for oneself
14. vi.　起作用；获得预期效果　 have the intended effect; work successfully

　～ a back seat　占一不显眼的位置，谦让
　～ a bad picture　不上镜头，拍出照片不好看
　～ a bad turn　恶化，变坏
　～ a bite　咬一口
　～ a blinder　死
　～ a boldness　胆敢，擅行
　～ a bow　鞠躬
　～ a break　小做休息
　～ a bribe　收受贿赂
　～ a chance　冒险，碰运气
　～ a cup of tea　拿来一杯茶
　～ a curtain　谢幕
　～ a dare　接受挑战并打算干
　～ a decision　作决定，下决心
　～ a dive　假装被打倒了
　～ a drive　坐汽车出游
　～ a drop too much　喝醉，酗酒
　～ a fancy to　爱上，爱好
　～ a favourable turn　变好，转好
　～ a fence　越过篱笆
　～ a flat in town　在城里租一套房间
　～ a flight　飞行，飞翔
　～ a glance at　看一看
　～ a hack at　尝试
　～ a hand in　参加，插手
　～ a hint　接受暗示
　～ a hop　做一次短途飞行
　～ a horn　饮酒
　～ a joke　忍受别人开的玩笑
　～ a journey　旅游
　～ a leak　小便
　～ a light lunch　午餐吃得少
　～ a long time　费时间
　～ a look at　看一看
　～ a matter　对待一件事
　～ a measurement of　测量，量出
　～ a nap　睡午觉
　～ a new view of an affair　对某事有新的看法
　～ a notion　异想天开地要
　～ a paper　订阅一份报纸
　～ a photo　拍照
　～ a picture　照相
　～ a poor view of　不赞成
　～ a powder　逃走，跑掉
　～ a reading　读取
　～ a rest　休息一下
　～ a ride　兜风，坐车，骑自行车，骑马
　～ a right turn　向右拐
　～ a risk　冒险
　～ a seat　就座，入座
　～ a shine to　喜欢上
　～ a shoot　抄近路，走捷径
　～ a short cut　抄近路，走捷径
　～ a shower　洗淋浴
　～ a side with　支持，赞助
　～ a sip of the wine　呷一口酒
　～ a stand　依据，主张
　～ a strong line　干得起劲
　～ a suggestion　接受建议
　～ a toss　从马背上摔下
　～ a train　乘火车
　～ a trip　旅游
　～ a view　观察
　～ a vote　表决
　～ a walk　散步
　～ a warning　得到警告
　～ a wife　娶妻
　～ a wrong train　误乘火车
　～ aim　瞄准
　～ an account of　记录，并列
　～ an airing　作户外体操，郊游
　～ an alarm　注意到有危险的前兆，惊恐
　～ an attitude of　采取…的态度
　～ an average over　把…平均起来
　～ an examination　参加考试
　～ an example　举例子，做个榜样
　～ an interest　感兴趣
　～ an item　会意
　～ an oath　宣誓，立誓
　～ an objection　反对
　～ courage　拿出勇气
　～ cover　隐藏起来
　～ different position　采取不同的立场
　～ directions　接受指示
　～ instructions　接受指示
　～ lodgers　接纳房客
　～ lodgings　租寓所
　～ medicine　服药
　～ one's bearings　判断自己的位置，观察形势
　～ one's choice　选择
　～ one's colour from　仿效，模仿
　～ one's courage in both hands　勇往直前，敢作敢为
　～ one's departure　出发，动身
　～ one's drops　私下饮酒，纵酒
　～ one's duty　代替…的工作
　～ one's exit　出去，离去
　～ one's heels　跑开，溜掉
　～ one's hook　逃走
　～ one's leave　道别，告别
　～ one's measure　打量或揣度…的品德、才智等
　～ one's mind of　对…不注意
　～ one's name in vain　讨论某人，作伪誓
　～ one's own course　一意孤行
　～ one's own life　自杀
　～ one's part　站在某人一方，帮助某人
　～ one's route to　到…去
　～ one's stand　采取立场，表示意见
　～ one's turn　轮到
　～ one's way towards　向…走去
　～ one's word　相信某人的话
　～ poison　服毒
　～ private pupils　招几个学生在家里教
　～ shelter　隐藏起来
　～ snuff　用鼻子吸〔闻〕
　～ steps　采取步骤
　～ substantial casualties　遭受重大伤亡
　～ the advice　接受意见
　～ the axe by the handle　拿住斧柄
　～ the blame　承担过错
　～ the book　取书
　～ the case　接受案子
　～ the chair　主持开会
　～ the chairs　拿椅子
　～ the city　使全城轰动
　～ the count　打败，下台
　～ the crown　登王位
　～ the defensive　取守势
　～ the egg　胜，赢
　～ the field　开始作战
　～ the first opportunity　一有机会就
　～ the floor　参加讨论，起立发誓
　～ the ground　搁浅
　～ the head　带头
　～ the high hand　专横
　～ the horse　（马）怀孕
　～ the huff　见怪
　～ the initiative　倡导，采取主动
　～ the labouring oar　担任最困难的工作
　～ the money　取钱
　～ the offensive　取攻势
　～ the part of　支持
　～ the part of the hero　饰演男主角
　～ the phrase　理解短语
　～ the place of　取代，替代
　～ the position　主张
　～ the post　接替职务
　～ the punishment　接受惩罚
　～ the rap　代人受过
　～ the remark　听取意见
　～ the same opinion　持相同的主张
　～ the shortest way home　走最近的路回家
　～ the six o'clock train　乘6点钟的火车
　～ the smoke into one's lungs　把烟吸进肺里
　～ the stage　出现
　～ the stand of...　采取…立场
　～ the throne　登王位
　～ the trouble　竭力，费力
　～ the upper hand　占上风
　～ the water　下水
　～ the wind　得利益，占上风
　～ the word　开始说话
　～ things (the way) they come　承受一切
　～ two hours　花两个小时
　～ affectionately　领会深情，产生柔情
　～ calmly　处之泰然，不激动
　～ ceremoniously　就职礼仪隆重，娶妻讲究礼节
　～ consciously　自觉领会
　～ coolly　处之泰然
　～ correctly　理解得不错
　～ forcibly　强行侵占
　～ graciously　采取礼貌态度
　～ indiscriminately　无选择地采用
　～ invariably　起作用不变
　～ kindly　乐意接受
　～ lightly　轻视
　～ literally　函索记录，照定义理解
　～ ostensibly　可公开采用
　～ ostentatiously　除去浮夸风，不得虚饰
　～ recklessly　乱花费，采取鲁莽态度
　～ reluctantly　勉强采用
　～ roughly　粗略摘录，产品粗糙不受欢迎
　～ selfishly　消除利己主义，摒弃自私心理
　～ seriously　认真接受，认真地对待
　～ sparingly　节约花费，爱惜采用
　～ unhesitatingly　立即获得，迅速取走
　～ voluntarily　自动记录，自发接受
　～ voraciously　贪吃贪喝
　～ along　带领，携带
　～ apart　把（某人）叫到一边，拆开，严惩
　～ a toy apart　把玩具拆开
　～ back　带回，归还
　～ down　放下，取下，拆掉；把…记录下来
　～ down the speech　把讲话记下来
　～ in　吸入，留（某人）寄宿，看到，注意到；完全明白，欺骗（某人）
　～ in the situation　看清形势
　～ off　拿下，脱下，起跳，起飞，减价
　～ on　承担（工作、责任等），雇用（工人），接纳（学生），呈现出
　～ on more men　招收更多的工人
　～ over　接任，接管
　～ over the chairmanship　接任主席职务
　～ up　占用，接受，培养，开始对（某学科、嗜好或职业）产生兴趣
　～ up linguistics　选学语言学
　～ after father　像父亲
　～ as a compliment　把…当作恭维
　～ as a personal matter　把…看成个人的事
　～ as a sign of friendship　把…看作友好的表示
　～ office as chairman　担任主席
　～ sb by the hand　拉住某人的手
　～ by surprise　大出（某人）意料之外
　～ sb by the throat　扼住某人咽喉
　～ sb for a fool　把某人当傻瓜
　～ sb for a ride　带某人去兜风
　～ sb for a walk　带某人去散步
　～ sth for granted　认为某事当然
　～ sb in one's arms　抱住某人
　～ sth in one's hand　手里拿着某物
　～ sb into one's confidence　把某人当作知心人
　～ sth into account　考虑到某事
　～ sth into consideration　考虑某事
　～ sth into the house　把…搬进屋里
　～ sth off the bill　从账单中扣除…
　～ sth off the shelf　从架子上把…取走
　～ sb on one's shoulder　扛起某人
　～ a freighter to Europe　乘货船到欧洲去
　～ sb to court　起诉某人
　～ sb to dinner　带某人去赴宴
　～ sb to the art museum　带某人去艺术博物馆
　～ sb to the station　送某人去车站
　～ sth to the library　把…送到图书馆
　～ to an offer　接受提议
　～ to bad habits　染上恶习
　～ to one's bed　上床
　～ to drink　沉湎于酗酒
　～ to fishing　对钓鱼着迷
　～ to gambling　到赌场去赌博
　～ to the lifeboat　登上救生船
　～ to the streets　走上街头
　～ sb under one's wing　保护某人，帮助某人
　～ sth up with a pair of pincers　用钳子钳起某物
　～ with a smile　笑着接受

　The fish don't seem to be taking.　看起来今天鱼不上钩。
　China's new ways may take.　中国新的方法可能奏效。
　The dye took immediately.　马上着色了。
　That novel didn't take.　那本小说不受欢迎。
　Fish take best after rain.　雨后最易钓鱼。
　Dry fuel takes readily.　干燥的燃料极易着火。
　She went out of the room, taking the flowers with her.　她走出了房间，带着花。
　The teacher took the students on a tour through the art museum.　老师带学生去参观美术馆。
　Don't forget to take your umbrella when you go.　你走时别忘了带伞。
　Take these books home with you tonight.　今晚把这些书带回家去。
　A transitive verb takes an object.　及物动词要有宾语。
　The flight took two hours.　这一航程花了两小时。
　These things take time.　这些事情需要时间去做。
　This cake takes six eggs.　这种蛋糕要用六个鸡蛋。
　It takes a lot of doing.　这事情做起来很费工夫。
　She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.　她打算学习应用语言学课程。
　Did you take history at school?　你在学校修过历史吗?
　Mrs. Biggs is ill and will be unable to take you today.　比格斯夫人病了，今天不能给你们上课了。
　Someone took my hat by mistake.　有人错拿了我的帽子。
　He reached up to the third shelf of the bookcase and took down a dictionary.　他把手伸到书柜的第三层，取下一本词典。
　Take the railing as you go down.　你下去的时候，扶着栏杆。
　John takes second place in the race.　约翰获得赛跑亚军。
　Take the doctor's advice and start exercising.　你最好接受医生的劝告，开始锻炼身体。
　The old couple agreed to take a war orphan.　这对老年夫妻同意领养一个战争孤儿。
　They took office at a difficult time.　他们在困难时刻走马上任。
　If it's a better job than you have now, take it.　如果那份工作比你现在的好，你就该去干。
　The car takes five people comfortably.　这辆车可舒服地坐五个人。
　The shelf just takes the books.　这个架子正好装下这些书。
　This bottle takes a litre.　这个瓶子可以装一升。
　How much petrol will the car take?　这车子可以装多少汽油?
　He took the hard punishment with his head high.　他毫不畏惧地忍受严厉的处罚。
　These strawberries look nice—I'll take 3 kilos.　这些草莓看起来不错，我买3公斤。
　I will take two pounds of sugar.　我要买两磅砂糖。
　The customer tried on two dresses and took both.　顾客试了两件衣服，都买下了。
　We plan to take a house in the country for the summer.　我们计划夏天时在乡下租一栋房子。
　He won't take pineapple juice.　他不肯喝菠萝汁。
　The tourist took some instant food and hot water.　这个游客就热水吃了些方便食品。
　After getting up in the morning, he usually goes outdoors to take the air.　他早晨起床后，通常到室外去呼吸新鲜空气。
　We took a hovercraft across the English Channel.　我们乘气垫船横渡英吉利海峡。
　He took the subway to the station.　他乘地铁到车站去。
　Take the elevator to the fourth floor.　乘电梯上4楼。
　The singer was unwilling to take the center of the stage.　这位歌唱演员不愿站在舞台中间。
　He gave me a chest X-ray and took my blood pressure.　他给我做了胸部透视，量了血压。
　The dressmaker took her measurements for a new dress.　裁缝为她量了尺寸准备做件新衣服。
　The nurse took the patient's temperature.　护士为病人量了体温。
　The photographer took the children in their party clothes.　摄影师为孩子们拍了一张穿着联欢会服装的照片。
　I had my picture taken this morning.　今天上午我请人给我照了相。
　She took down the speech in shorthand.　她用速记把讲话记录下来。
　The secretary took minutes of the meeting.　秘书为会议作记录。
　All the students were taking notes at the lecture.　上课时所有的学生都在做笔记。
　The police took down my name and address.　警察记下了我的姓名和住址。
　He took my meaning perfectly.　他完全领会了我的意思。
　How do you take this passage?　这段话你怎么理解?
　Now you put your idea in those words, I take you easily.　现在你用这番话来表达你的意思，我就容易懂了。
　She took the news calmly.　她听到这消息十分镇静。
　He does not take kindly to criticism.　他对于批评不能泰然处之。
　I take their criticisms very seriously.　我对待他们的批评很认真。
　Don't take it lightly.　不可对它等闲视之。
　The event was so unusual and unexpected that we did not know how to take it.　这个事件很不寻常，而且突如其来，我们都不知道怎么对付。
　You had better take things as they are.　你最好面对现实。
　All matter takes space.　一切物质都占有空间。
　The chest of drawers does not take much room.　这衣柜占不了多少地方。
　She took the degree of Master of Arts at Cambridge.　她在剑桥大学获得文学硕士学位。
　The criminal was taken by the police within three hours of the crime.　在作案三个小时之内罪犯就被警方捕获。
　The general believed his men could take the city in about three days.　将军相信他的部队大约在三天之后可以攻占那座城市。
　What steps have you taken?　你采取了什么步骤?
　He is always taking other people's ideas.　他总是采纳别人的意见。
　To achieve his end he took every means he could think of.　他不择手段去达到自己的目的。
　Take any card from my hand.　从我手中随便选一张牌。
　She takes the chair at all our meetings.　我们的会议都是由她主持。
　Who will take the chair at today's meeting?　今天的会议将由谁来主持?
　Strangers often took her for her own daughter.　不熟悉的人往往把她误认成是她的女儿。
　My horse took the fence easily.　我的马轻而易举地越过了栅栏。
　She took the news hard.　她为这一消息感到难过。
　Will you take a look at my sick child?　你愿意给那个生病的孩子看病吗?
　The swimmer came to the shore and took a deep breath.　游泳者来到岸边，做了一次深呼吸。
　When I was younger I took a cold bath every morning even in winter.　我年轻时，每天早上洗冷水浴，即使在冬天也是这样。
　I'm afraid I must take leave now.　恐怕我现在得离开了。
　Seeing that they were very busy then, we took our leave very quickly lest we should be in the way.　看到他们那时太忙，我们很快就告辞了，以免碍事。
　On returning I took a run around the village.　回来时，我绕着村子跑了一圈。
　I shall take a holiday early next month.　下月初我将休假。
　After visiting the Forbidden City they took a walk through the town.　参观了紫禁城之后，他们又在城里游览了一番。
　From his youth Nobel had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy.　从青年时代起，诺贝尔就对文学和哲学极为感兴趣。
　I'm rather tired; will you take the wheel?　我太累了，你替我开车好吗?
　The prescribed medicine failed to take effect.　医生开的药没有见效。
　They invariably take the lead in battles against floods.　在抗洪斗争中，他们总是带头的。
　We must take the right measures or we shall fail.　必须采取正确的措施，不然我们会失败。
　Don't take offence; it is only her way.　别生气，她这个人就这样。
　The medicine is to be taken three times a day.　这药日服3次。
　Sugar cannot be taken by people suffering from certain complaints.　患某些病的人不能吃糖。
　After a long fight the town was taken.　经过长时间战斗，镇子被攻占了。
　The camp was taken and destroyed.　营房攻占之后被毁坏了。
　I beg your pardon. Is this seat taken?　对不起，这个座位有人吗?
　You seem to take giving up pretty easily.　你似乎很随便就放弃了。
　It was a difficult day for me to take knowing that this is the second year in a row that I've been away for his birthday.　我很难相信那是我连续两年在他生日的时候不在家。
　I take it that he approves.　我想他是同意的。
　I take it you will be making a complaint about her behaviour.　我想你要对她的行为进行投诉吧。
　It takes a poet to translate Milton.　密尔顿的诗歌需要诗人来翻译。
　It takes two to make a quarrel.　一个巴掌拍不响。
　Usually it takes a disaster to make people aware of the dangers of air pollution.　通常人们要经历一次灾难才能认识到空气污染的危险。
　It evidently takes different amounts of heat to boil water and oil.　把水和油煮沸显然需要不同的热量。
　We ought to take her some food.　我们应该给她带点吃的东西。
　Painting the kitchen took me all week.　油漆厨房花了我整整一个星期。
　It takes him half an hour to finish his homework every day.　他每天完成作业要用半小时。
　She took a cup of tea to him.　她给了他一杯茶。
　Shall I take your message to her?　要我给她带个口信去吗?
　It took him three hours to finish the exercises.　他完成这个练习用了三个小时。
　It took her longer time than she expected to get a passport.　她花了比她预料要长的时间领到护照。
　That's a rare set of stamps. How long did it take you to collect them?　那是一套珍贵的邮票。你花了多长时间才收集到?
　It took an hour for the car to come here.　这辆汽车开了一小时才到达这里。
　Will you take me as your partner?　你愿意把我当作你的伙伴吗?
　Shopping-bag ladies are not very communicative and take general conversation as an intrusion.　携购物袋的女士们不大爱说话，她们把一般的交谈视为打扰。
　Most westerners who are not Americans will take it as an insult if you ask whether they are Americans.　如果你问不是美国人的西方人他们是否是美国人，他们大多数人都会把这看成是一种侮辱。
　From his manners of speaking, I took him for a Japanese.　从他说话的神态来看，我还以为他是日本人呢。
　I'm not going to help you steal a car; what do you take me for?　我不会帮你偷车的，你把我当成什么人了?
　These first six books can be taken as the pattern of the whole work.　这前六本书可以看成是全集的风格。
　Mrs. Alice spoke English so well that she was taken for a native.　艾丽丝太太英语讲得太好了，以致被认为是英国人。
　I take him to be sincere.　我当他是诚恳的。
　She took it to be a snake.　她把那东西当成蛇。
　I take this to be ironical.　我认为这是句挖苦话。
　By many of the company the newcomer was taken to be a detective.　这批人当中的很多人都以为那个刚来的人是侦探。
　Do not take me as urging that it ought to be done.　不要把我的意思理解为我在催促这件事应当办。
　His father often takes the children climbing and hiking.　他的爸爸常带着孩子们出去爬山和旅行。

 ♣ take aback　(v.+adv.)
　使吃惊，使惊呆　surprise; astonish
　The reply took him so much aback that for a moment he was lost for words.　这个答复使他大吃一惊，一时不知道说些什么好。
　The little girl screamed and it took us aback.　小女孩的尖叫声吓了我们一跳。
　We were all taken aback by the news of the Chairman's resignation.　主席辞职的消息使我们都感到惊异。
　Jenny was taken aback by some of the portraits.　其中一些肖像画使詹妮大吃一惊。
　I was taken aback by what I saw.　我被眼前看到的吓了一跳。
 ♣ take after　(v.+prep.)
　长得像；性格类似于　resemble a parent or close relative in appearance or character
　She takes after her mother.　她长得像她母亲。
　My great-grandfather is terribly forgetful and I take after him, I can never remember anything.　我的曾祖父非常健忘，我像他，什么也记不住。
　Margaret takes after her father in being strong-willed.　玛格丽特意志坚强，像她父亲。
　With her light hair and blue eyes Mary seems to take after her mother, but in character she is more like her father.　玛丽那浅色头发和蓝眼睛使她看上去像她母亲，而她的性格则更多像她父亲。
 ♣ take against　(v.+prep.)
　制止…　 begin to work or do sth against (sth/sb) so as to prevent or stop it or him〔her〕
　They took legal action against him.　他们对他诉诸法律。
　It's time to take action against the rising crime rate in this city.　该是采取措施防止这个城市犯罪率上升的时候了。
　Action will be taken against anyone who breaks the law.　任何违法者都将受到指控。
 ♣ take amiss　(v.+adv.)
　〈正〉把…理解成恶意，因而生气　 become angry for misunderstanding
　Please don't take it amiss if I venture to point out your errors.　假如我冒昧指出你的错误，请不要见怪。
　His joke was taken amiss by some of the company.　他开玩笑的话使几个朋友不高兴。
 ♣ take apart　(v.+adv.)
　拆开；拆卸　separate a small machine, clock, etc. into pieces
　Take the watch apart and see if you can find out what's wrong with it.　把这块表拆卸开，看看你能否找到毛病在哪儿。
　One error might make it necessary to take the whole thing apart and start over again.　只要出一点差错，就得全部拆卸，重新装配。
　He took the machine apart to show every detail of its operation.　他把机器拆开，让大家看操作的每个细节。
　To take the tower apart would mean wasting a lot of labour.　要把这座（反应）塔拆开会浪费大量劳动。
　The reviewer mercilessly took apart the young writer's first novel.　评论家把这位年轻作者的第一部小说抨击得一无是处。
 ♣ take it as read
　认为没有必要；可以认为是真的　accept sth as true or right without the need to hear it, talk about it, etc.
　You've all seen Mr. Smith's statement, so I think we can take it as read.　你们都已看过史密斯先生的声明，所以我想我们可以不必宣读了。
　Can we take it as read that this has all been checked ?　我们可否认为这已经全部经过检查?
 ♣ take away　(v.+adv.)
1. 拿开，拿走 remove sth
　I've just come in to take the dirty dishes away.　我是来取用过的盘子的。
　Please don't take your hand away, it makes me think that you don't like me.　请不要把手拿开，那会让我认为你不喜欢我。
　If you can move up behind the gunman you may be able to take his gun away without a fight.　如果你能摸到那带枪的歹徒身后，可能不用搏斗就能把他的枪夺下来。
　Not to be taken away.　不要拿走。
　These books are for reading in the library, and may not be taken away.　这些书只能在图书馆阅读，不能拿出去。
2. 把…带走，带开；使…离开 lead (sb) to another place
　I'd like to take you away for a holiday, but I don't know when we shall be able to afford it.　我真想带你去度假，可我不知道咱们什么时候能付得起这笔费用。
　That school is terrible; I shall take the child away at once.　那学校太糟糕了，我马上就把孩子带走。
　You have no business taking another man's wife away with you.　你没有权力带走一个有夫之妇。
　What takes you away so early?　为什么你这么早就走?
　They would allow foreign investors to take away their capital gains.　他们允许外国投资者把投资所获的利润带走。
　The prisoner was taken away by an armed guard.　一个持枪的狱警把犯人带走了。
　The child was taken away from its parents on the recommendation of social workers.　这个孩子经社会福利工作人员介绍被人从其父母那儿领走了。
　These magazines must not be taken away from the library.　这些杂志不得携带出图书馆。
　His Olympic medals and trophies were taken away from him.　他的奥林匹克奖章和奖牌被收了回去。
3. 使停止；转移 cause sth to cease; distract one's attention
　This drug should help to take the pain away.　这药可以止痛。
　If you put picric acid solution on a burn it will take the pain away at once.　如果你把苦味酸溶液涂在烧伤处可立即止痛。
　I'm sorry, my attention was taken away for a moment.　对不起，刚才我走神了。
4. 减去 lessen a larger number by removing a smaller number
　27 take away 3 leaves 24.　 27减去3还剩下24。
　What is left when you take away 25 from 100?　100减去25还剩多少?
5. 从饭馆把（食物）买回家或拿到外面吃 take food home or outside from a restaurant
　I'd like three pieces of chicken to take away, please.　我要买三块鸡肉带走。
6. 剥夺；夺取；抢夺 cause sb to lack sth
　Don't let him take away your freedom to think for yourself.　别让他剥夺你独立思考的自由。
7. 〈非正〉使大吃一惊 surprise sb very much
　The shock news quite took my breath away.　这突如其来的消息简直让我惊讶不已。
 ♣ take back　(v.+adv.)
1. 归还；（使）返回 (cause to) return
　Mrs. Smith was grateful to the policeman who took her child back.　史密斯夫人非常感激那位送孩子回来的警察。
　Will you take the children back to school, or shall I?　是你把孩子们送回学校还是我去?
　Some of these books are long overdue. I have to take them back to the library.　这些书中的几本早就逾期了，我得把它们还给图书馆。
　Don't forget to take the dictionary back after you have used it.　用完了别忘把词典拿回来。
　I cannot do my homework for I forget to take my book back.　我忘了把书带回来，所以没法做作业。
2. 收回；撤回 retract or withdraw what one has said as an admission of error, as an apology, etc.
　If that's the case, you can take back your words.　如果情况是那样的话，你可以收回自己的话。
　Peter took back his words when he realized his mistake.　彼得意识到了自己的错误，收回了他的话。
　At last the young man took back everything he had said.　最后那个年轻人收回了他所说的话。
3. 同意退回；允许回去 agree to accept or receive sth one has sold, or sb one has dismissed
　Shopkeepers will not usually take back goods after they have been paid for.　店主是不愿意让卖出的商品退回来的。
　That store promises to take back any goods that don't satisfy the buyer.　那家商店许诺说：凡他们售出的货物，如不能令顾客满意，均可退回。
4. （使）回忆起；（使）回到 (cause to) recall earlier experiences to sb; carry back to
　The book took him back to the days when he had been in countryside.　这本书使他回忆起自己在乡下的日子。
 ♣ take down　(v.+adv.)
1. 取下；拿下 remove sth from a higher level
　Will you help me take the curtains down?　你能帮我把窗帘摘下来吗?
　The notice is out of date. Let's take it down.　那条布告已经过时，咱们把它取下来吧。
　He reached up to the third shelf of the bookcase and took down a dictionary.　他从书橱的第三层取下来一本词典。
　Please take down the pictures from the walls.　请把那些画从墙上取下来。
　The book seller took down a volume of Shelley's poems.　书店售货员拿下来一卷雪莱的诗集。
　The secretary took down the notice he had put on the notice board.　秘书把他贴在布告栏上的布告拿了下来。
2. 拆卸 separate sth into pieces
　The workers took down the crane and transported it to another construction site.　工人们把起重机拆卸下来运送到另一个建筑工地。
　Many old houses have been taken down, and many new buildings have been put up in Beijing.　在北京许多旧房子被拆除，又有许多新的建筑物已经建立起来。
3. 吞 introduce into the body by swallowing
　She couldn't take down the medicine.　她吞不下那药。
　She took down the tablets in one gulp.　她把那些药片一口吞了下去。
4. 杀威风 abate one's confidence
　Jones was always so certain of himself that Brown found great delight in taking him down.　琼斯总是自以为是，布朗以挫伤他的气焰为乐。
　The fellow needs to be taken down.　那家伙需要受一番折磨。
5. 记录；记下 write sth down in order to make a record of it
　When I checked in the hotel the waiter took down my name and I. D. card number.　我在这家旅馆办住宿登记时，服务员记下了我的姓名及身份证号码。
　Mary took down the letter in shorthand as her boss dictated it.　老板一边口述，玛丽一边把信速记下来。
　The students took down the notes which the teacher had written on the blackboard.　学生们把老师写在黑板上的注解抄下来。
 ♣ take for　(v.+prep.)
1. 为…承担… accept responsibility for sth
　Will you take $500 for the car?　你愿以500美元买这辆车吗?
　Tom took the blame for his brother's mistake.　汤姆为他弟弟受过。
　He was ready to take the consequences for his act.　他准备承担他的行动所引起的后果。
2. 好转 become better; improve; take a favourable turn
　His illness has taken a turn for the better.　他的病情已经好转。
　The weather took a turn for the better in the afternoon.　下午天气变好了。
3. 恶化 become worse; worsen
　Her illness has taken a turn for the worse.　她的病情恶化了。
　The situation in that country is taking a turn for the worse.　那个国家的形势正在恶化。
4. 信以为真；认为理所当然 consider as true or already settled; accept as a matter of course
　I just took it for granted that you had been told about this.　我只是认为你已知道了这件事。
　A teacher cannot take it for granted that his students always do their assignments as required.　老师不能想当然地认为学生总是按要求完成作业。
　Mr. Richard took it for granted that his son was doing well at school and he felt much relieved.　理查德先生以为儿子在学校学得不错，因而感到很宽慰。
　We took it for granted that they would come and join us in the discussion.　我们满以为他们一定会来参加我们的讨论呢。
 ♣ take from　(v.+prep.)
　摘自　remove (sth) from (usually sb or a place)
　This well-known saying was taken from Serve the People.　这句名言摘自《为人民服务》。
 ♣ take in¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 欺骗；使上当 cheat; deceive
　The salesman finds it easy to take in old ladies.　这个推销员发现老太太们容易上当受骗。
　Don't trust that fellow; he'll take you in if he gets the chance.　不要相信那家伙，他一有机会就会骗你的。
　They were completely taken in by his story.　他们完全被他的谎言骗了。
　It was not until several days later that I realized I was taken in by that vendor.　直到几天以后，我才发觉被那个小贩骗了。
　The old lady was taken in by the young man and was cheated of 1000 yuan.　这个老太太上了那个年轻人的当，让他骗走了1000元。
2. 领会；理解 understand
　I listened to the speech carefully, but still I couldn't take it all in.　我注意听那讲演了，可还是不能完全理解。
　Tell me your wonderful news again, I can't take it in!　把你那令人惊奇的好消息再说一遍吧，我没听明白。
　He did not take in what he read because his mind was on something else.　因为他心不在焉，所以不知道自己在看些什么。
　They listened to my lecture, but how much did they take in, I wonder.　他们听我讲课，但是不知他们领会了多少。
　The lecturer had the feeling that a good deal of what he said had not been taken in by the students.　讲课人有这样的感觉，他说的许多话学生都没有领会。
3. 接待；收留 receive and provide lodgings for a person
　Some of the local people take in students to add their income.　一些当地人为学生提供住宿来增加收入。
　The farmer took in the lost travellers for the night.　这位农民收留迷路的旅行者过夜。
4. 包括 include
　Our journey will take in six European countries. So it is estimated we will travel for five weeks.　我们的行程将包括六个欧洲国家，估计我们将旅行五个星期。
　The real world we live in takes in the whole earth.　我们生活的真正世界包括整个地球。
　The article takes in all aspects of the problem.　这篇文章包括了这个问题的方方面面。
　While in Italy, the tour takes in the famous old ruins.　在意大利的旅行包括参观举世闻名的古遗迹。
5. 把…带入，拿入室内 carry sb/sth into sth
　When the letters have all been opened, take them in to the director.　把这些信都开封后送到经理屋里去。
　Please take the children in, it's getting too cold out here.　请把孩子们领进屋里去吧，外边有点太冷了。
　The girl took in the washing as it began to rain.　下雨时，女孩把衣服收进来。
6. 吸入 receive sth such as water or air inside
　It's good to stand on top of the hill and take in deep breaths of fresh air.　站在山顶深深地吸点新鲜空气好极了。
　The boat is taking in water!　船进水啦！
7. 收养 adopt
　Now that his parents are dead, who will take the boy in?　这孩子的父母都已去世了，哪位愿意领养他?
8. 看到；注意到 notice sth
　It was amusing to see his surprise as he took in the scene.　当看到那场面时，他那幅惊奇的样子可真逗人。
　What shall we do while we're here on holiday?Shall we take in a show?　咱们在这儿度假能到什么地方玩玩呢?去看场演出如何?
9. 对…信以为真 believe sth false
　He took in whatever we told him.　我们说什么他都相信。
　The poor man takes in all the lies she tells him.　这可怜的男人把她对他说的谎话都信以为真了。
 ♣ take in²　(v.+prep.)
1. 领〔带〕…进入（某处） lead sb or carry sth into a space or through an opening
　Would you take these cups in the kitchen as you're going that way?　既然你往那边去，顺便把这些杯子带到厨房去好吗?
　Let me take you in the back door so that the others won't see you.　我带你从后门进去吧，这样别人就不会看见你了。
2. 用（车）载 give sb a ride in a vehicle
　I can take two of you in my car, if Jim will take the food in his car.　如果吉姆把吃的东西装在他车上的话，你们二人可以坐我的车。
3. 喜欢在…中加入… like to have sth added in food or drink
　Do you take cream in your coffee?　你喜欢在咖啡里加奶油吗?
4. 用…搂〔抱〕住 seize or hold sb/sth in one's arm
　Taking Mary in his arms, he kissed her fondly.　他拥抱住玛丽，亲热地吻她。
5. 用（夹子等）捕捉（动物） catch an animal in sth such as a trap
　Can you take many small animals in these traps?　用这种夹子能抓住许多小动物吗?
6. 打（某人）的（身体某部位） hit sb in part of the body
　The blow took him in the face.　那一拳击中了他的面部。
 ♣ take off¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 拿走，取下；去掉 remove
　I asked you not to put hot cups on the piano; take them off at once, please!　我跟你说过不要把热杯子放在钢琴上，请马上把它们拿走。
　I can't take the lid off, it's stuck!　这盖子给卡住了，我拿不下来。
　Help me to take this handle off.　帮我把这柄取下来。
　Last night's strong wind nearly took the roof off!　昨夜的大风差一点把屋顶刮掉了。
2. 脱去 remove clothes, hat, etc.
　A gentleman takes his hat off when greeting a lady.　绅士向女士打招呼时总是要脱帽的。
　I shall never take off this ring which you gave me until I die.　只要我活着，我绝不摘下你给我的这个戒指。
　Taking off his coat, he jumped into the river to save the drowning child.　他脱掉外衣，跳进水里去救那溺水的孩子。
　I knew that my father regarded me as a woman instead of a girl, the first time he took off his hat to me when we met.　当父亲见到我第一次脱帽向我致意时，我知道他已经不再把我看作小姑娘而是看作一位成年女人了。
　You've done a remarkably fine job — I take my hat off to you!　你干得真出色——本人深表钦佩！
3. 截断，切除 cut off
　In order to save the seriously wounded soldier, the surgeon decided to take off his left leg.　为了抢救那位重伤战士的生命，外科医生决定将他的左腿截去。
4. 从危船上救出 save sb from a ship and take him to safety
　Before the ship sank, all the passengers were safely taken off.　船沉前所有的乘客都被救出来了。
5. （使）离开 cause to leave or go away
　The six boys got into the car and took off for the drug store.　六个孩子上了汽车，匆忙离开去药店了。
　I'd like to take off for the country as soon as I've finished work tomorrow.　我想明天工作一结束就到乡下去。
　The director has taken the visitors off to his office.　经理把客人带到他办公室去了。
　Take yourself off, you're not wanted here.　你走吧，这儿不需要你。
6. 起跳；起飞 begin a jump or flight
　The tiger took off from the ground with a powerful spring.　老虎从地上猛地一跃而起。
　Watch that bird taking off from the branch!　注意看那只鸟从枝头飞起来！
7. （飞机）起飞 (of a plane) rise from the ground
　A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up and down.　直升机可以直接起飞和降落。
　We took off so smoothly that the passengers could hardly feel it.　我们的飞机起飞非常平稳，乘客几乎没有感觉到。
8. 发起 have a starting point
　The attack will take off from our position near the harbour.　将从我们在港口附近的阵地上发起攻击。
9. 使停运；使停航 remove a train, bus, plane, etc. from regular operation
　The early morning train is being taken off for the summer.　早班火车夏季将停运。
　The 5 a.m. train has long been taken off.　凌晨5点的那趟车早已被取消了。
10. 使停止公演 remove a play or film from public performance
　It is said the concert has been taken off.　据说音乐会已经被取消了。
　The play was taken off after only three performances.　这出戏只演了三场就停止公演了。
11. 在饭店里从菜单上去掉（某菜） remove a dish from a list of food in a restaurant
　We have taken the fish off, as it was not good.　这鱼不好，我们把它从菜单上去掉了。
12. 减轻（体重） reduce weight
　I'm so pleased that I've been able to take off all that weight and get into my good clothes again!　我的体重终于大减，那些漂亮的衣服又合身了，我真高兴！
　They took off 25 percent discount for each article.　他们给每件商品都打了七五折。
13. 以（某一幅度）减价 reduce a price by a certain amount or rate
　The government has promised to take off the new tax as soon as possible.　政府答应尽快减少新征税额。
14. 休假 take a time as a holiday from work
　I'd like to take next Monday off to visit my sister in hospital.　我想下星期一休一天假，去看望我那住院的姐姐。
　I'm going to take a week off next month.　下个月我要休假一个星期。
　You need a break. Why not take a fortnight off from work?　你需要休息，为什么不休假两周呢?
15. 〈非正〉模仿 copy sb, especially his speech or manner, as a joke
　Bob likes to take his teachers off.　鲍勃喜欢模仿他的老师。
　Bill took off Winston Churchill to perfection.　比尔模仿丘吉尔，模仿得惟妙惟肖。
　The children do like to take off the new teacher, who has a noticeable manner of walking.　那位新来的老师走路的样子很特别，孩子们很喜欢模仿他。
16. 把（本队某队员）从球场上撤下 remove a player of one's own team from action on the sports field
　The captain decided to take Snow off and try a slower bowler.　队长决定把斯诺撤下，换一个动作慢一点的投球手试一试。
17. 开始获得成功 (of an idea) begin to be successful
　After a slow start, the plan soon took off and was accepted by all the directors.　该计划开始时进展缓慢，但后来很快取得了成功，从而获得了所有董事的同意。
　The circle of supply and demand should soon take off as the country's trade position improves.　由于国家贸易地位的改善，供销一定会很快出现兴旺局面。
18. 〈非正〉变得兴奋，热切 become excited or keen
　We must provide some really interesting new courses where the students can really take off.　我们必须设置一些学生们真正喜欢的确实有趣的新课程。
　Many young people take off on loud music.　许多年轻人一听到喧噪的音乐就兴奋起来。
19. 〈美〉杀死 kill sb
　She was taken off by a rare tropical fever some years ago.　几年前一种罕见的热病夺去了她的生命。
20. 〈非正〉走开，离开 go away because of anger
　A quarrel was developing between husband and wife; it was high time I took myself off.　丈夫与妻子越吵越厉害，我该走开才是。
21. 与（某人）激烈争斗或争吵 fight or argue with sb seriously
　Watch out for trouble when the director takes off the gloves to his Board!　当那位董事要与董事会争吵起来，要谨防出乱子！
 ♣ take off²　(v.+prep.)
1. 从…移开，带走remove sb/sth from sth
　Let me take that piece of thread off your skirt.　让我把你裙子上的线头扯掉。
　I'll take the books off the table so that we have room to eat.　我来把桌上的书拿走，好有地方吃饭。
2. 脱下；摘下 remove sth such as clothing from the body
　I can't take my boots off my feet, they're too tight!　我无法从脚上脱掉靴子，靴子太紧了！
　The wind took his hat off his head.　大风把他头上的帽子吹掉了。
　I shall never take my ring off my finger.　我永远不会把戒指从我的手指上摘下。
3. 从…上救出（某人） save sb from sth
　All the passengers were safely taken off the burning ship.　全部乘客都被从起火的船上安全地搭救出来。
4. 使退出，使脱离 cause sb/sth to leave sth
　Shall I take your name off the list?　我把你的名字从名单上除掉好吗?
　The policeman has been taken off the case.　已不让那警察参与此案。
5. 取消 remove a bus, train, plane, etc. from a regular line of travel
　The early morning bus will be taken off this route during the summer months.　在夏季几个月里，这条线上早晨的那班公共汽车将停开。
6. 减（价）；削（价） remove part of a price
　Why doesn't the government take the tax off cigarettes.　政府为什么不减免烟税?
　The shop is taking 10% off all dresses this week.　这家商店本周所有衣服都削价10%。
7. 使减轻 soften the effect of an uncomfortable feeling
　If you don't expect too much, it takes the edge off your disappointment.　你若不抱太大的希望则失望不会太大。
　A piece of cheese will take the edge off your hunger.　一块乳酪就可以减轻你的饥饿感。
　This small fire only takes the edge off the cold, it doesn't make the room really warm.　这一小点火只能缓解一下寒意，它不能使屋子真正暖和。
8. 不再看，不再注视 stop looking at or watching sb/sth
　If you take your eyes off the children, they go wild!　你如果不盯着那些孩子，他们就胡闹！
　Can't you take your eyes off any pretty girl that passes?　你难道就不能不看那些路过的漂亮姑娘们吗?
　If I take my eyes off the music for even a moment, I will lose my place.　我的眼睛一离开乐谱，就不知道弹奏到什么地方了。
9. 令人扫兴，失望 spoil the effect of sth good
　Many wives enjoy the early years of marriage and then find that the hard work of caring for the children takes the guilt off the gingerbread.　许多做妻子的在婚后头几年生活挺美满，接着发觉照管孩子的艰难令人扫兴。
　It'll take the smile off your face when you hear the results of the competition that you were so certain of winning!　你以为一定会在这场比赛中获胜，等你听到结果后，你的脸就会拉下来！
10. 使解脱 free sb from the care of or responsibility for sth
　We shall have to reduce the price if we want this buyer to take the house off our hands.　要想让买主从我们的手里买下这房子，就必须降低售价。
　I'd be grateful for someone to take the children off my hands for an afternoon.　假如有人替我照看一下午孩子，我将不胜感激。
11. 解除（某人）思想负担；使（某人）宽心 free sb from worrying about sth such as a responsibility
　Thank you for offering to organize the food, that takes quite a weight off my mind.　感谢你主动来安排食品，这解除了我的一件心事。
　Go for a walk or do something active, that should help to take your mind off your troubles.　去散散步或干点积极的事，那就会帮助你解除心中的烦恼。
　There seemed to be little that Grace could do to take her thoughts off that red-haired boy.　格雷斯似乎无法摆脱对那红发小伙子的思念。
　A great load was taken off my shoulders when the children went away to school.　孩子们去上学后，我解除了负担。
12. 坐下休息 sit down and rest
　After a whole day standing at work, it's good to take the weight off my feet when I get home.　上班站了一天之后，回到家里坐下歇一会真好。
 ♣ take on¹　(v.+adv.)
1. 承担 undertake a burden, responsibility, work, etc.
　I'm beginning to regret that I took the job on; I'm working overtime every evening.　我开始后悔接手这件工作，每晚都要加班加点。
　He took on a part-time teaching job in a middle school.　他在一所中学担任兼职教学工作。
2. 呈现 begin to have a quality or appearance
　The old factory has taken on a new look.　这家老厂已呈现出一派新面貌。
　His face took on an affectionate glow.　他的脸上洋溢着热情的红光。
　The land around the lake took on a different look.　湖周围土地的面貌发生了变化。
　In this context the words of Socrates take on a new significance.　苏格拉底的这几句在这段上下文中有新的意义。
3. 雇用；录取 employ as a staff; enroll as a student or pupil
　They no longer have to take on large numbers of temporary workers to do the harvesting.　他们再也不必雇用大量临时工来收割庄稼。
　No more workers are being taken on at present.　目前不雇请更多的工人。
4. 拉走 drag away
　The bus took on more passengers.　汽车拉走了更多的乘客。
　The truck stopped to take on more things.　卡车停下来再拉走一些东西。
 ♣ take on²　(v.+prep.)
　冒险；碰运气　attempt sth in spite of the possibility of failure; take a risk
　Let's go to Mary's house. We can take a chance on her being there.　咱们去玛丽家吧。碰碰运气，也许她在那儿呢。
 ♣ take out　(v.+adv.)
1. 把…带出去〔拿出去〕 lead sb/sth or carry sth outside a room
　Please take the children out, their noise is making my head ache.　请把孩子们领出去，他们吵得我头痛。
　The building is burning — take the horses out, quickly!　马厩起火了——快把马牵出来！
　Will you take the dog out for a walk, or shall I?　是你领狗出去散步呢，还是我去?
　When the weather gets warmer, we'll take the chairs out and have tea in the garden.　等天气转暖咱们就把椅子搬出去在花园里喝茶。
　She's too young to be taken out by boys.　她太小不宜由男孩子们带出去。
2. 拔掉 remove sth as from material in which it is fixed
　Please help me to take this nail out.　请帮我把这个钉子拔出来。
　His tooth has such a large hole in it that it had to be taken out.　他的牙齿上有一个大洞，一定得拔掉。
3. 拿出，掏出 produce sth as from a container
　He took out a handkerchief and blew his nose.　他掏出手帕擤鼻涕。
　The thief took out a gun and forced the owner to give him the jewels.　盗贼掏出枪，逼着主人交出珠宝。
4. 提取，领取 take sth from a place where it is kept
　The library allows you to take out three books once.　图书馆允许一次借出三本书。
　I shall have to go to the bank again and take some more money out.　我还得去银行再取出点钱。
5. 清除，除掉 clean or remove a mark, dirt, etc.
　There's a nasty mark on the tablecloth, and I don't think the usual washing powder will take it out.　桌布上有一块污迹，我想用普通洗衣粉是清洗不掉的。
6. 带〔领〕（某人）出国等 lead sb to a distant place such as overseas
　If you go overseas, will you take the family out with you?　你如果去海外，带全家一起去吗?
7. 从饭馆带走（食物） take food home or outside from a restaurant
　I'd like three pieces of chicken to take out, please.　我要买三块鸡肉带走。
8. 获取，办理 obtain
　Did we remember to take out insurance on the contents of the house?　我们没忘记去办理家庭财产保险吧?
　Any person over the age of seventeen can take out a driving licence.　年满17岁者都可办理驾驶执照。
　The court may take out a summons against you.　法庭可用传票传唤人。
9. 邀请（某人）外出 invite sb socially, as to a meal in a restaurant
　How long did Jim take Mary out before they were married?　吉姆带玛丽出入社交场合有多长时间后才结的婚?
　I'd like to take you out to a meal on your birthday to give you a holiday from cooking.　你生日那天，我想带你出去吃饭，好让你休息一下，不必做饭了。
10. 阻止（牌戏或体育运动中的对手）达到目的 prevent an opponent in a card game or sport from reaching his aim
　That was a clever move with your cards to take out your opponent.　你那牌打得妙，将了你的对手一军。
　It's your job to take out the other player so that members of your team can get control of the play.　你的任务是阻止另一个队员的进攻，这样你队的队员就能掌握比赛的主动权。
11. 找到做某事的简便方法 find an easy way to do sth
　I think I'll take the easy way out and give money instead of time.　我想我要找省事的办法，花点钱以节省时间。
　Most people would be ashamed to take the easy way out, however bad their sufferings.　大部分人无论受多大的苦，仍以自杀为耻辱。
 ♣ take out on　(v.+adv.+prep.)
　发泄　express one's feelings by making suffer
　Every time he had a bad day at work he would come home and take it out on his wife and children.　每当他白天工作不顺心时，回到家里就会向妻子儿女发脾气。
 ♣ take over　(v.+adv.)
　接管；接替　accept sth from (sb else)
　The strikers took over the factories.　罢工工人接管了工厂。
　She took over his work after his departure.　他离开以后，她接替了他的工作。
 ♣ take to　(v.+prep.)
1. 带…到… bring sb/sth to sth, usually some place
　We usually take the children to school in the car.　我们通常开车送孩子们上学去。
　The children were taken to Richmend Memorial Hospital for examination.　孩子们被带到里士满医院去作体格检查。
2. 到…休息；逃到… go to for rest; escape to or hide in (some place)
　The criminals took to the hills to escape from police.　罪犯们为了躲避警察而逃入山中。
　Father is ill, so he's taken to his bed.　父亲病了，因此卧床休息了。
3. 喜欢，习惯于… come to like sth; adopt sth
　He took to Sally from the moment he met her.　他一见到萨莉就喜欢上她了。
　She thought she would be nervous looking after the horses but she soon took to them.　她原以为她会害怕养马的，但她很快喜欢起它们来了。
　We ask him if the Russians would take to golf.　我们问他俄国人是否喜欢高尔夫球。
　Bill took to drink while he was a sailor.　比尔在当水手时很喜欢喝酒。
　He has recently taken to staying in bed of a Sunday morning.　他最近养成了星期日早上不起床的习惯。
4. 开始从事 begin an activity or doing sth
　After a few years as a teacher he left the profession and took to journalism.　他当了几年教师之后，又改行当起记者来。
　He took to repairing watches in his spare time.　他开始利用空闲时间修表。
5. 觉得某事容易学 think it easy to learn
　He took to French as though it had been his native language.　他觉得法语就像母语一样容易学。
　Father tried to teach John to swim, but John didn't take to it.　父亲试图教约翰游泳，但约翰很难学会。
 ♣ take up　(v.+adv.)
1. 拿起，举起；抱起 lift or raise sb/sth
　Take care not to take up the hot coals with your bare hands.　小心别光着手去拿烫煤。
　He took up the telephone receiver and began to dial.　他拿起电话听筒开始拨号码。
　Taking up a child under each arm she ran out of the fire.　她一手抱起一个孩子，冲出大火。
2. 掀掉 remove sth from a place where it is fixed
　The men are coming tomorrow to take the stair mat up, ready for our move.　工人们明天要来掀掉楼梯地毯，为我们搬家作准备。
　This old tree will have to be taken up by its roots.　这棵老树必须连根拔起。
　Half the road surface is being taken up to lay new electric wires.　为了埋新电线，一半路面被掀开。
3. 领〔带〕…上楼或到上级机关等 lead sb or carry sth upstairs or to a higher level
　Who will take breakfast up to your mother?　谁上楼给你妈妈送早餐?
　Please take these letters up to the main office.　请把这些信件送到总局。
4. 吸收 remove liquid by drawing inside itself
　This kind of paper claims to be able to take up more liquid than any other kind.　据说这种纸比其他纸吸水性强。
5. 补上 reform sth such as woven thread
　It's very difficult to take up a dropped stitch in this pattern.　这种织法要补针极难。
6. 折起或弄短（衣服） raise or shorten a garment
　Now the fashion tells us all to take our skirts up again!　现在的流行式样又让咱们都把裙子弄短！
7. 占用 fill or use time, space, or attention
　It can take up the whole afternoon to prepare a meal.　准备一顿饭有时要费一下午的时间。
　The table takes up too much room.　这张桌子占的地方太大。
　That big clock will have to go, it takes up too much space in the small hall.　那个大钟得拿走，它在这小厅里占的地方太大。
　Writing in another language demands so much effort that it takes up all my attention.　用另外一种语言写作太费劲，我得全力以赴才行。
8. 接受 begin new duties, work, etc.
　When does the Minister take up his office?　那位部长何时就职?
　I hope to take up my new duties as your chairman at the next meeting.　我希望在下届大会以你们主席的身份开始工作。
9. 开始感兴趣 begin to take an interest in a subject, habit, or profession
　At the age of sixty he took up the study of Russian.　在60岁时他开始学习俄语。
　When did Joan first take up music?　琼是什么时候开始对音乐感兴趣的?
　I wish I'd never taken up smoking.　我要是从不吸烟就好了。
10. 提挈，培养，指导 help and encourage sb in his work or life
　Jane will be lucky if she is taken up by the famous singer.　如果简得到那位著名歌唱家提挈，她就会走运。
　Beckett was taken up by Joyce before becoming a famous writer.　贝克特在成为名作家之前受到过乔伊斯的指导。
11. 装载 (of a vehicle) obtain a supply of sb/sth
　The train stops here to take up any further passengers, and then goes fast all the way to London.　列车在这里停车，再上一些乘客，然后快速直驶伦敦。
12. 继续 continue sth after an interruption
　Joan took up the story when her sister forgot the next detail.　琼的妹妹忘记了后面的故事情节，琼便接着讲下去。
　I put the telephone down and took up my work again.　我放下电话继续干我的活。
13. 参加（呼喊、唱歌等） join in sth such as voice sounds
　All the other children in the bus took up the song.　公共汽车上的其他孩子们也都跟着唱起那首歌来。
　The whole crowd took up the shout.　整个人群都呼喊起来。
14. 把（问题）提出来供考虑 raise consideration of a matter
　I'd like to take the boy's case up with a good lawyer.　我想把那孩子的案件交给一位优秀的律师办理。
　I'll ask the next speaker to take up your suggestion.　我将请下一位发言人谈谈你的建议。
15. 接受（提议） accept an offer
　I'd like to take up your offer of a ride into town.　我愿接受你的邀请，搭你的车进城。
16. 打断 interrupt sb
　I must take you up here, I cannot agree.　我必须在此打断你一下，我不能同意。
　You won't get far with your statement before the chairman takes you up short!　你说不了几句话主席就会打断你！
　I took him up sharply when he mentioned the wrong date.　当他提到那个错误的日期时，我打断了他的话。
17. 募集；敛收 collect money
　The girls will take up a collection at the end of the concert.　音乐会结束时，姑娘们就要募集捐款。
18. 照…付款 pay money for sth written
　When can we take up the new shares?　我们什么时候才能付新股票的钱?
　He kindly offered to take up the note of my debt.　他好意地提出要为我支付欠债单。
19. （使）绷紧；（使）绕紧；（使）收紧 cause to tighten
　The boat has been in the water a long time, and the boards have taken up.　这艘船已下水很长时间了，船板都紧了。
　Take up those loose ropes, your tent will fall down!　把那些松了的绳子拉紧，你的帐篷要倒了！
　This part of the machine is for taking up the film.　机器的这一部件用来拉紧胶片。
　These wires must be taken up or the machine will not work.　必须把这些电线绕紧，否则机器不能运转。
20. 拿起武器准备战斗 begin a war against an enemy
　All the young men of the village offered to take up arms against the neighbouring people who kept attacking them and stealing their cattle.　村里的年轻人都愿意拿起武器，迎战那些不断攻击他们并偷盗他们家畜的邻村人。
21. 表明或阐明自己的态度 state or show one's opinion or frame of mind
　Once he's taken up a defensive attitude, it's difficult to persuade him that there's nothing to be afraid of.　一旦他采取防范的态度，再要使他相信什么也不必担心就困难了。
　I wonder if he really means that, or if he's just taking up a position on the matter.　我不知道他是真有那种意思呢，还是仅仅在此问题上表明一下自己的观点。
22. 投身于某项事业 defend and support a purpose in which people believe
　More people are beginning to take up the cause of children's rights.　有更多的人开始投身于维护儿童权益的事业中。
23. 应战，接受挑战 accept an invitation to compete
　He said you can't possibly finish in time; are you going to take up his challenge?　他说你未必能按时完成；你打算接受他的挑战吗?
24. 有力地支持〔维护〕… support sb's idea or argument
　Someone has to take up the cudgels for children's rights, as the children are helpless to do it themselves.　必须有人来大力维护儿童权益，因为他们自己尚无力争取。
 ♣ take up with　(v.+adv.+prep.)
1. 和…交往，和…要好 associate; make friends with sb
　She has taken up with the fellow she met in London.　她已经与那个她在伦敦碰到的人来往了。
　She has taken up with some very strange people.　她和一些很古怪的人交往密切。
　Frank has taken up with Lucy lately.　弗兰克最近常与露西在一起。
　He has taken up with a bunch of pleasant, hardworking friends.　他结交了一批性情愉快、工作努力的朋友。
2. 赞成，接受 accept; agree
　He is not one to take up readily with new ideas.　他并不是一个乐意接受新观念的人。
3. 对…发生兴趣，致力于；忙于 take interest in sth; put one's heart into sth; be busy with sth
　She took up with the idea of becoming a musician.　她一心想成为一个音乐家。
　He can't help, he's too taken up with his own problems.　他帮不了什么忙，他自己的问题还应付不了呢。
　He's very taken up with his new job.　他一心扑在新的工作上。
　I am quite taken up with the author's style.　我非常喜欢这个作者的风格。

 ♣ take as, take for
　两者都可作“把…认为…”解， take as是比较客观地以为，而take for强调的是“误以为”。
 ♣ take, clutch, grab, grasp, seize, snatch
　这组词都可表示“伸出手或臂去抓住某物”。其区别在于：take仅指抓住具体的东西；clutch强调匆匆忙忙、紧急、迫不及待，因而抓住的可能性较小，引申可用于思想上或情感上的把握；grab常含有庸俗和不关心他人或无视公共准则的意思；grasp的基本意思是指用手、牙齿、爪等紧紧抓住某人或某物，引申指能充分理解难以理解的东西；seize通常指突然地、有力地抓住，引申用于无形的东西时，往往强调该物在快速掠过或难以捉摸，或强调有力地、出人意料地夺取，或强调理解了难以理解或难以分析的事物；snatch强调不为人知、救人及时或动作粗暴，引申指偶然地或无准备地抓住能抓住的东西。例如：
　She clutched at my arm as she fell.　她跌倒时想要抓住我的胳臂。
　He grabbed the coin and ran off.　他抓起硬币就跑了。
　I grasped the man by the arm.　我抓住了那人的手臂。
　He seized the gun from the robber.　他从强盗手里夺过了枪。
　The letter was snatched out of my hand before I could read it.　那封信我还没来得及看就被别人从我手里拿走了。
 ♣ take, bring, carry, fetch, get
　参见bring条。
 ♣ take, cost, pay, spend
　参见cost条。
 ♣ take, last
　参见last条。
 ♣ take, lead
　参见lead条。
 ♣ take, send
　参见send条。
 ♣ take, admit, receive
　参见receive条。
 ♣ take place, happen, occur
　参见happen条。
 ♣ take, drink, have
　参见drink条。
 ♣ take care of, attend, mind
　参见mind条。
 ♣ take part in, join in
　参见join条。
 ♣ take part in, attend, join, participate
　参见join条。
 ♣ take place, chance, come off
　这组词（组）的共同意思是“发生”。其区别在于：
1. chance含有“偶然”发生的意味；take place和come off常指按计划“发生”。例如：
　On our vacation we chanced upon an interesting antique store.　我们度假时无意中发现一家有趣的古玩店。
　The sports meet came off in spite of the rain.　尽管下雨运动会仍如期举行了。
　The talk is scheduled to take place tomorrow morning at eight o'clock.　预定明早8时举行会谈。
2. take place的主语只能是事物；come off强调出现的结果。例如：
　What may take place with telephones in the future?　将来电话会发生什么变化呢?
　The wedding came off in spite of Jim and Mary's last minute quarrel.　尽管吉姆和玛丽结婚前最后一刻还在争吵，婚礼还是正常举行了。
3. chance是一个较庄重并带有几分古风的用语。例如：
　It chanced that the winter of that year was a severe one.　碰巧，那年冬天特别寒冷。
 ♣ 下面三组各句的意思相同：
　
　
　
 ♣ 下面两句的意思不同：
　

1. 姑娘们手持鲜花欢迎我们。
　［误］ The girls took flowers in their hands to welcome us.
　［正］ The girls held flowers in their hands to welcome us.
　［析］ take作“拿，取”解时是非延续性动词，不能表示持续性动作。
2. 1978年以来我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
　［误］ Great changes have been taken place in my home town since 1978.
　［正］ Great changes have taken place in my home town since 1978.
　［析］ take place是不及物的短语动词，不可用于被动结构。
3. 去年7月我参加了高考。
　［误］ I took part in the college entrance examination last July.
　［正］ I took the college entrance examination last July.
　［正］ I sat for the college entrance examination last July.
　［析］ take part in表示“参加某项活动”，如表示“参加考试”，应说take the examination或sit for the examination.
4. 粉刷房间花了我一个星期。
　［误］ Painting the room spent me a week.
　［正］ Painting the room took me a week.
　［析］ spend和take都有“花费”的意思， spend作谓语时，主语必须是人，而take的主语可以是一件事。
5. 我每天上下班花两小时乘公共汽车。
　［误］ I take two hours to go to work and come back by bus every day.
　［正］ It takes me two hours to go to work and come back by bus every day.
　［析］ take作“花费”解时不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，应该用表示事的名词或代替动词不定式短语的形式主语it作主语。
6. 几天前他患了重感冒。
　［误］ He took heavy cold the other day.
　［正］ He took a heavy cold the other day.
　［析］ 表示“患感冒”可以说 take cold，这时cold之前没有不定冠词a. 但是如果cold前面有形容词，则形容词之前一定要有不定冠词a.
7. 做学问需要时间，加快速度是办不到的。
　［误］ Learning takes your time. There is no way of speeding it up.
　［正］ Learning takes time. There is no way of speeding it up.
　我不喜欢匆匆地用早餐，我愿意从容不迫。
　［误］ I can't enjoy a hurried breakfast; I like to take time over it.
　［正］ I can't enjoy a hurried breakfast; I like to take my time over it.
　［析］ 这里 take time的意思是“费时间”“花工夫”。take one's time的意思是“慢慢来”“从容不迫”。
8. 这个事故是在上周某个时候发生的。
　［误］ The accident took place sometime last week.
　［正］ The accident happened sometime last week.
　［析］ happen一般指事故的“偶然发生”，如交通事故、车祸、地震、火灾等。而take place是固定短语，意思为“举行、发生”，一般指通过安排而举行、发生。
9. 吉姆和德拉在为他们各自所拥有的感到骄傲。
　［误］ Jim and Della both took pride of their possessions.
　［正］ Jim and Della both took pride in their possessions.
　［析］ “为…感到自豪”，可用take pride in，这里的介词in不能换用of.
10. 下雨了，带把伞去。
　［误］ It's raining. Take an umbrella.
　［正］ It's raining. Take an umbrella with you.
　［析］ 要说明“把东西随身带去”，应该用take sth with sb, with sb不可省略。
11. 把你的湿衣服脱掉。
　［误］ Put off your wet clothes.
　［正］ Take off your wet clothes.
　［析］ put off是“推迟，搪塞，劝阻，不喜欢，下车”之意。“穿衣”的英语表示法是put on，它的反义词组不是put off，而是take off.
12. 飞机从机场起飞，往南朝广州方向飞去。
　［误］ The plane took away from the airport and headed south towards Guangzhou.
　［正］ The plane took off from the airport and headed south towards Guangzhou.
　［析］ take off from可以指飞机“从…起飞”。而 take away from是“贬低，贬损”之意。
13. 他从抽屉里拿出几本杂志。
　［误］ He took some magazines out from his drawer.
　［正］ He took some magazines out of his drawer.
　［析］ take ...out意为“拿出…”，若表示“从…中拿出”，应该用take...out of结构，介词用of不用from.
14. 孩子们得到了保育员的精心照料。
　［误］ The children are taken good care by the nurses.
　［正］ The children are taken good care of by the nurses.
　［析］ take care of意为“照顾”，是及物动词短语。用于被动结构时of不可以省略。
15. 她留在家中好好照顾婴儿。
　［误］ She stayed home and took care of her baby very well.
　［正］ She stayed home and took good care of her baby.
　［析］ 表示“照顾得好”可以说 take good care of，而不可用 very well来修饰固定短语 take care of.
16. 他们不辞劳苦给我们买这些书。
　［误］ They have taken a lot of trouble buying these books for us.
　［正］ They have taken a lot of trouble to buy these books for us.
　［析］ take trouble意为“费事”，后接不定式时可表示“做某事很麻烦”，而接动名词不具备这个意思。
17. 我们以为那件事你完全知道。
　［误］ We took for granted that you knew the whole matter.
　［正］ We took it for granted that you knew the whole matter.
　［析］ take...for granted意为“视为当然”，是并无确实证据即信以为真的意思。在这个结构中，常用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的从句。
18. 她已经学了四种语言，明年她将开始学意大利语。
　［误］ She has learned four languages. Next year she will take Italian.
　［正］ She has learned four languages. Next year she will take up Italian.
　［析］ “开始学〔做〕某事”“从事某项工作”，英语应该用take up sth表示。去掉up就不能表达此义。
19. 对不起，我们占用了你这么多时间。
　［误］ Sorry we have taken so much of your time.
　［正］ Sorry we have taken up so much of your time.
　［析］ 英语可以用take up sth来表示“占用（时间或空间）”。而去掉up就不能表达此义。
20. 约翰最近喝酒喝得太多了。
　［误］ John's taken to drink too much lately.
　［正］ John's taken to drinking too much lately.
　［析］ take to...表示“开始从事于…，养成…的习惯”，其中to是介词，其后应接名词或动名词。
21. 他牵着儿子的手。
　［误］ He took his son from the hand.
　［正］ He took his son by the hand.
　［析］ take sb by意为“握住或拉住（某人的某部分）”，这里by不可以换作from.
22. 那个警察说他将负责照看那支枪。
　［误］ The policeman said he would take the charge of the gun.
　［正］ The policeman said he would take charge of the gun.
　［析］ 表示“负责（处理某事或照看某人）”“接管”的含义，可以用take charge of，注意charge之前不可以加定冠词the.
23. 他对她如此生气以至于向她的猫报复。
　［误］ He was so angry with her that he took revenge at her cat.
　［正］ He was so angry with her that he took revenge on her cat.
　［析］ 表达“向…报复”，可以用 take revenge on sb/sth，这里的on不可以用at代替。
24. 他把朋友的忠告牢记在心。
　［误］ He took his friend's advice to his heart.
　［正］ He took his friend's advice to heart.
　她一见到那小孩就喜欢上他了。
　［误］ As soon as she saw the small child she took it to heart.
　［正］ As soon as she saw the small child she took it to her heart.
　［析］ 表示“把…牢记在心”“认真对待”可以说 take sth to heart. 而take to one's heart的意思是“喜欢上…”“对…有好感”。
25. 他通过打网球来使自己不再想那个问题。
　［误］ He took his mind away the problem by playing a game of tennis.
　［正］ He took his mind off the problem by playing a game of tennis.
　［析］ 表示“使…不再想起”可用take one's mind off，这里的off不可以用away代替。
26. 他们不再需要在繁忙季节雇用大批临时工。
　［误］ They no longer have to take up large numbers of temporary staff during the busy season.
　［正］ They no longer have to take on large numbers of temporary staff during the busy season.
　［析］ “雇用”可以译作 take on. take up的意思是“开始从事”“接受”“接纳”等，没有“雇用”之意。
27. 我根本不知道他已经走了。
　［误］ I had no idea that he had taken leave of himself.
　［正］ I had no idea that he had taken his leave.
　他在机场与他的太太告别。
　［误］ He took his wife's leave at the airport.
　［正］ He took leave of his wife at the airport.
　［析］ 表示“离开”可以用take one's leave，表示“与…人告别”可以用take leave of sb.
28. 他匆匆忙忙地不辞而别。
　［误］ He was in a hurry and took the French leave.
　［正］ He was in a hurry and took French leave.
　［析］ take French leave是“不声不响地离开”“不辞而别”的意思，French之前没有the.
29. 她把他的耐心看作是软弱的表现。
　［误］ She took his patience for a sign of weakness.
　［正］ She took his patience as a sign of weakness.
　他们把我当作我的孪生兄弟了。
　［误］ They took me as my twin brother.
　［正］ They took me for my twin brother.
　［析］ take...as/for都有“认为…是…”“把…当作…”的意思，但take与as连用一般表示与事实相符的情况，而take与for连用一般表示与事实不符的情况。
30. 他们轮流照看婴儿。
　［误］ They took turn to look after the baby.
　［正］ They took turns to look after the baby.
　［析］ 表示“（大家）轮流做某事”时，我们可以用take turns或take one's/a turn这种形式，没有take turn形式。

　take　作“花费时间”解时，总是用来指别人而不指自己的。例如：
　

1. S 捕获量；收入额　 amount of fish or game; amount of money, taken or received
2. C 电影镜头　 a scene that has been or is to be photographed for a moving picture

　make a ～　猎获
　pull in a ～　获得一笔收入
　select the ～s　选择镜头
　shoot a ～　拍摄一个镜头
　a great ～ of fish　大量捕获的鱼
　double ～　先是怔住接着恍然大悟的反应
　large ～　大量的猎获物
　slow ～　反应迟钝
　the best ～s　拍摄得最成功的镜头
　box-office ～　票房收入
　farmer's ～　农民的总收入
　～ from tourism　旅游业的收入
　～ in a year　一年的总收入

　Our take was up this week.　这个星期我们的收入额提高了。
　That state's spending has far outstripped its take.　该州的支出远远超过收入。
　The day's take came to over $500.　一天的收入超过500美元。
　There is a large take of mackerel.　捕到很多鲭鱼。
　My friend wants a bigger take of the money.　我的朋友想拿这笔钱的大部分。
　He will have made do with his take from the night school.　他只好靠着教夜校的收入将就度日。
　We had to do six takes before the director was satisfied.　我们不得不拍了6个镜头才让导演觉得满意。
　If there's no take, you must get vaccination again.　如果疫苗不起作用，你得再接种一次。
　None of your actor's take.　别来跟我演戏。
　You should have been there to see her take as I announced myself.　当我告诉她我是谁时，你真该在场看看她那副样子。
　The skin grafting resulted in a complete take.　植皮手术完全成功。
　The play is a great take.　这出戏大受欢迎。
　He got the answer on the third take.　到第三次，他答对了。

 ♣ on the take
　受贿；伺机吞噬〔攫取〕　take a bribe; wait to capture or snatch sth
　Some cops were on the take, others were not.　有的警察受贿，有的不受贿。
　The big fish is on the take.　那条大鱼在水中伺机捕食鱼虾。

　［同义词］ v. accept, accommodate, acquire, adopt, arrest, assume, bear, believe, bring, buy, call for, capture, carry, catch, conduct, convey, demand, engage, fetch, endure, gather, have, hold, lead, make, measure, observe, obtain, purchase, receive, regard, require, seize, select, win n. catch, gate, income, proceeds, profits, receipts, return, takings
　［词源］　中古英语taken<古英语tacan<古挪威语taka（拿走，带去）