1. vi.（心脏等）跳动　 move regularly
2. vt. & vi.接连地打击　 hit again and again
3. vt.打败　 win a fight or game against others

　～ a carpet　拍打地毯
　～ a drought　战胜旱灾
　～ a drum　击鼓
　～ a military march　奏军队进行曲
　～ a path　劈出一条路来
　～ a record　打破纪录，打破前例
　～ a retreat　仓皇撤退，逃走，打退堂鼓
　～ a snake　把蛇打死
　～ a table　捶桌子
　～ a tree　拍打树让果子掉下来
　～ all others in length　比其他的都长
　～ chalk dust　拍打粉笔灰
　～ drums and gongs　敲锣打鼓
　～ flies　拍打苍蝇
　～ one's brains　冥思苦想，苦苦思索
　～ one's breast　捶胸悲叹
　～ one's foot　以脚跺地
　～ one's gums　〈美俚〉唠叨，饶舌
　～ one's head against a wall　碰壁，徒劳无益
　～ one's way　〈美俚〉无票乘车
　～ sb black and blue　被打得浑身青紫
　～ sb hollow　完全胜过
　～ the air　吃力不讨好地做，白费劲地做事
　～ the bushes　到处搜寻
　～ the daylights out　打得…昏天黑地，打得…失去知觉
　～ the devil's tattoo　（焦急不安时）用手指敲桌子
　～ the drum　大肆宣传，大肆谈论
　～ the dust　拍打尘土
　～ the Dutch　〈口〉非常吃惊，叫人吃惊，空前出众
　～ the eggs　打鸡蛋
　～ the gun　发令枪未响就起跑，偷跑
　～ the mosquitoes away　把蚊子赶跑
　～ the quilt　拍打被子
　～ the rap　〈美俚〉逃脱，（承担）刑事责任〔惩罚〕
　～ the shore　（海浪）拍岸
　～ the truth　探出真情
　～ the world record　打破世界纪录
　～ time　打拍子
　～ the visiting team　打败客队
　～ waist drums　打腰鼓
　～ wings　扑动翅膀
　～ fast　跳动迅速
　～ hard　猛打
　～ high　（心跳）过速
　～ slow　（心跳）过慢
　～ audibly　有响声地敲打
　～ boisterously　兴高采烈地敲打
　～ brutally　毒打
　～ burningly　热烈地敲打
　～ continuously　不停地敲
　～ easily　易打破
　～ feebly　无力地扑扇
　～ furiously　剧烈跳动
　～ horribly　可怕地敲打
　～ impatiently　不耐烦地敲打
　～ incessantly　不停地敲打，频繁地敲打
　～ joyously　高兴地敲打
　～ languidly　无精打采地敲打
　～ lazily　懒散地敲打
　～ lightly　轻轻地敲打
　～ loudly　鼓声大作
　～ manifestly　显示地敲打
　～ mercilessly　冷酷无情地敲打
　～ merrily　愉快地敲打
　～ nervously　心神不宁地击打
　～ pleasantly　兴奋地敲打
　～ proportionately　和谐地敲打
　～ rapidly　迅速扑动
　～ regularly　跳动正常
　～ rhythmically　有节奏地打
　～ separately　分开打…
　～ strenuously　用力地敲打
　～ thoroughly　投入地敲打
　～ uncontrollably　无法控制地敲打
　～ unmercifully　无情地敲打
　～ youthfully　英姿焕发地敲打
　～ about　四处拍打
　～ away　赶走
　～ the mosquitoes away　把蚊子赶走
　～ back　迫使…后退
　～ back all the attacks of the enemy　打退敌人的所有进攻
　～ down　压倒，毁坏，打败，镇压，使沮丧，使失望，（烈日）照射，杀价
　～ in　打进，敲入，打破，砸碎
　～ off　打退…，赶走，击退
　～ off an attack　击退一次进攻
　～ sb head off　打得某人焦头烂额，彻底打败某人
　～ out　踏出，击败，使筋疲力尽
　～ out a big fire　扑灭大火
　～ out a path in the snow　在雪中踏出一条路
　～ out jazz　奏爵士音乐
　～ out metal with a hammer　用铁锤把金属锤薄
　～ up　搅匀，将某人痛打一顿，召集
　～ up against a monsoon　逆着季风行驶
　～ up against the storm　顶着风暴前进
　～ up eggs　搅打鸡蛋
　～ up recruits　征募新兵
　～ about the bush　转弯抹角地说，旁敲侧击
　～ along the coast　（船）沿着海岸顶风航行
　～ against　拍打…
　～ against a wall　撞在墙上，白费劲，徒劳无益
　～ against the windows　（雨水）敲打窗户
　～ around the bush　转弯抹角地说，旁敲侧击
　～ at　大声敲（门等）
　～ at the door　使劲敲门
　～ sb in argument　在辩论中驳倒某人
　～ into　把…敲进，把…打成…，向（某人）灌输
　～ sb into fits　轻易地打败某人
　～ gold into goldleaf　把金子锤成金箔
　～ sb into insensibility　把某人打昏过去
　～ facts into sb's head　把事实硬灌进某人的脑袋里，反复教给
　～ a stake into the ground　把桩子打进地里
　～ sb on the head　打某人的头部
　～ to　把…打成…，抢先于（某人）达到目标
　～ sb to a mummy　把某人打得稀烂，把某人打得半死
　～ sb to death　把某人打死
　～ sb to his knees　把某人打得屈膝投降
　～ sb to it　挫某人的锐气，抢先
　～ sb to sticks　彻底打败某人，完全胜过某人
　～ sb to the draw　抢在某人之前拔出武器，抢在某人之前行动
　～ sb to the punch　抢在某人之前拔出武器，抢在某人之前行动
　～ with one's fist　用拳头打

　My pulse beats normally.　我脉搏正常。
　His heart was still beating.　他的心脏还在跳动。
　At 2:25 p.m. his heart ceased to beat.　在下午两点二十五分他的心脏停止了跳动。
　His heart stopped beating.　他的心脏停止了跳动。
　After the injection his heart began to beat again.　打这针后，他的心脏又跳起来了。
　The drums beat loudly.　鼓声大作。
　These eggs beat well.　这些蛋能打出许多泡沫。
　The bird is beating feebly.　那只鸟的翅膀在无力地扑扇着。
　The rain was beating on the windows.　雨水敲打着窗子。
　She tried to beat the mosquitoes away.　她想把蚊子赶走。
　He was beating a drum.　他正在打鼓。
　Somebody was beating the door.　有人在敲门。
　His father beat him for being disobedient.　他父亲因为他不听话而打他。
　It is wrong to beat others.　打人是不对的。
　I can beat you in swimming.　在游泳上我要胜你一筹。
　His policy was to beat each enemy in turn.　他的方针是各个击破。
　Only by working together can we beat the Sand Tiger.　只有大家一起干，才能制服沙老虎。
　Their team beat ours by a large score.　他们队以大比分打败了我们队。
　They beat us in a match.　在一次比赛中他们把我们打败了。
　This book beats all others in length.　这本书比其他所有的书都长。
　A problem has beaten me.　一个问题使我束手无策了。
　He beat his way through the crowd.　他从人群中挤了过去。
　The soldiers had to beat a way through the undergrowth.　战士们不得不在灌木丛中开辟出一条路来。
　The police beat the town for the fugitive.　警察在镇上搜捕那个逃犯。
　The poor boy was beaten until he was black and blue.　那可怜的孩子被打得青一块紫一块的。
　They were frequently cursed and beaten by the employer.　他们常受雇主的打骂。
　The aggressors were badly beaten.　侵略者被打得焦头烂额。
　Are you beaten by a problem like that?　难道那样一个问题就使你束手无策了?
　He beat his wife to let her obey his orders.　他打了他的妻子好让她听他的话。
　She beat the quilt to make it soft.　她敲打被子好使它松软。
　She was beating the rug to clean it.　她在敲打地毯使其干净。
　They beat hard a big drum to urge the soldiers on.　他们拼命敲一面大鼓，催促士兵前进。
　Jack beat Tom to win the game.　杰克在游戏中战胜了汤姆。
　Father beat Bob to punish him.　父亲为了惩罚鲍勃而打了他。
　Let's beat our brains to find a solution.　让我们开动脑筋找出解决的办法。
　It beats me that they turned down the invitation.　他们拒绝接受邀请使我大惑不解。
　It beats me how he did it.　我简直不明白这件事他是怎么做的。
　They beat the silver thin.　他们把那块银打薄。
　Tom's boss often beats him black and blue.　汤姆的老板常把他打得青一块紫一块的。
　The enemy soldier beat the peasant bloody.　敌军士兵把那农民打得血淋淋。
　Can you beat him dead at one blow?　你能一拳将他打死吗?
　He was beaten black and blue by the employer.　他被雇主打得青一块紫一块的。
　They beat the pickpocket bleeding.　他们把小偷打得流血了。

 ♣ beat about　(v.+adv.)
1. 四处拍打 make quick movements in many directions
　The swimmer beat about in the water, trying not to drown.　那位游泳者在水中四处拍水，以免沉没。
2. 掉转船头；改变航向 change direction
　After being in the water for six hours, the ship beat about and sailed for home.　出航六小时后，那船掉转船头，开始返航。
3. 焦急搜索，找寻 search anxiously
　〔说明〕 beat about作此解时通常不用于进行体。
　They were beating about for him.　他们正在多方寻找他。
　The prisoner beat about for a way of escape.　那囚犯焦急地寻找一条逃跑之路。
　They found the book at last, but not before they beat about for nearly a day.　他们到处找了将近一天，最后才把这本书找到。
　We beat about for a solution to the problem.　我们多方寻找解决这个问题的办法。
 ♣ beat about〔around〕 the bush
　拐弯抹角；旁敲侧击　delay talking about or considering the most important part of a subject
　〔说明〕 本短语在英式英语中用about；在美式英语中用around.
　There is no sense in beating about〔around〕 the bush.　不必绕着弯子说。
　She would not answer yes or not, but beat about〔around〕 the bush.　她没有正面回答是或不是，而是顾左右而言他。
 ♣ beat against　(v.+prep.)
　敲打，甩打；连续敲打　beat (sb/sth) by hitting it on (sb/sth hard); hit (sb/sth) repeatedly
　The wind and rain were beating against us.　风雨拍打在我们的身上。
　The rain was beating against the windows.　雨点正敲打着窗户。
　The ship beats against the wind.　这船逆风前进。
　My grandmother used to clean her mats by beating them against the wall of the house.　以前我祖母清理席垫的办法是将它们在屋壁上甩打。
 ♣ beat at　(v.+prep.)
1. 大声敲（门等） knock loudly on (a door, etc.)
　The visitors beat at the door until he answered.　来客使劲敲门，直到他应了才停止。
2. 在（比赛）中击败（某人） defeat (sb) at (a game)
　The other village always beats our team at cricket.　另一个村的板球队在比赛中总是击败我们队。
3. 在某人擅长的方面胜过他 do better than sb in his own field of activity
　By winning a prize for writing, Tom beat his teacher at his won game.　汤姆获得一项写作奖，比他的老师还强。
 ♣ beat back　(v.+adv.)
　击退　force to go back
　They beat back the enemy's attack.　他们击退了敌人的进攻。
　The soldiers beat back all the attacks of the enemy.　士兵们击退了敌人的一切进攻。
　They were beaten back.　他们被打败了。
 ♣ beat down　(v.+adv.)
1. （太阳）直射，烤晒 (the sun) radiates light and heat on sb, scorch
　The sun beats down all day.　太阳整天照射。
　The sun beat down mercilessly on the dry earth.　阳光无情地照射在干旱的大地上。
2. 击败，摧毁 flatten (sth) by descending heavily
　The heavy rain beat all the crops down.　大雨毁坏了所有的农作物。
　He was beaten down by his opponent.　他被他的对手击败了。
　The crops were beaten down by heavy rain.　庄稼被暴雨冲倒了。
　The wheat had been beaten down by the rain.　麦子被雨打倒了。
　All their defenses were beaten down by the tanks.　他们的所有防御工事都被坦克给毁坏了。
3. 压低（价格）；说服（某人）削价 reduce (a price) by argument or other influence; persuade (sb) to reduce a price
　〔说明〕 beat down作此解时常不用于进行体。
　Can we beat down the price? 　我们能把价压下来吗?
　Competition should beat the price down.　竞争会压低价格。
　He wanted fifteen cents but I beat down the price to ten.　他要价一角五，我还价还到一角。
　The man was asking ￡5 for the dress, but I beat him down to ￡4.50.　那人要五镑卖那件衣服，我杀价后以四镑五十便士成交。
　He wanted ￡800 for the car but I beat him down to ￡600.　那部车他索价800镑，但我把他的价钱杀到600镑。
4. 镇压，压制 suppress or put down
　They beat down every attempt to liberalize the press.　他们压制了一切新闻报道自由化的意图。
5. 使沮丧，使失望 be depress or dispirited
　Until his friend's arrival, Tom was thoroughly beaten down and wretched.　汤姆在他的朋友来到之前，感到极度的沮丧和失望。
 ♣ beat in　(v.+adv.)
1. 搅入（某物） mix (sth) by beating
　First put the flour in the bowl, and then beat the eggs in.　先把面粉放在碗里，然后把蛋搅进去。
2. 强行灌输（知识等） teach (sth) by force
　With children as lazy as these, you have to beat the facts in.　对这么懒惰的孩子，你只能把知识硬灌给他们。
3. 把（某人）打伤；把（某物）砸坏 wound or damage (sb or sth) by hitting
　The firemen had to beat the door in.　消防员们只好破门而入。
　The boys robbed the old man and beat his head in.　几个家伙抢劫了那老头，还把他的头打伤了。
 ♣ beat into　(v.+prep.)
1. 把（某物）搅入（某物） mix (sth) with (sth) by beating
　Beat the eggs into the flour.　把鸡蛋搅入面粉。
2. 以敲打的办法使（某物）缩小 reduce (sb or sth) to (sth smaller) by beating
　You can beat the meat into a flatter piece.　你可把这块肉拍打得扁一些。
3. 迫使（某人）做（某事） force (sb) into (sth or doing sth)
　You will have to beat the old man into obedience.　你得强迫那老头服从。
　You will have to beat the man into giving you the money.　你得逼那人给你钱。
4. 打败 defeat sb
　Jack beat Tom into fits.　杰克轻易地打败了汤姆。
　He beat her into fits on the ground.　他把她打倒在地。
5. 灌输，反复教给 teach repeatedly
　I can not beat it into his head that he should take off his hat in the house.　在室内应该脱帽这件事，我再怎么讲他也听不进去。
　Tom is lazy and stubborn and his lessons have to be beaten into his head.　汤姆懒惰而又执拗，他的功课需要别人往脑子里灌。
 ♣ beat it
　跑开，滚开　go away (in a hurry); get out quickly
　〔说明〕 beat it是俚语，常用作命令，其中的it并无实义。
　This is private land, so beat it!　这是私人地产，请走开。
　The big boy said, "Beat it, kid. We don't want you with us."　那个大男孩叫道：“滚开，小家伙！我们不要和你在一起。”
 ♣ beat off　(v.+adv.)
　击退，打退（敌人等）　be able to drive (an enemy, etc.) back
　The citizens beat off the first attack but later were defeated.　市民们击退了第一次进攻，但后来还是被打败了。
　We had to beat off two nasty little dogs before we could get to the door.　我们要赶走两条小恶狗才能到门口。
　The old man tried to beat the mosquitoes off.　老人想把蚊子驱赶走。
　We beat our enemies' heads off in the fight.　在战斗中我们大获全胜。
　The enemy's attack was beaten off.　敌人的攻势被击退了。
 ♣ beat out　(v.+adv.)
1. 砸平，砸扁 flatten (sth) by beating
　The local people had beaten out a path through the forest.　当地人踩出了一条穿过森林的小道。
　The dish was made of silver, beaten out by hand.　这盘子是银制的，是手工打造的。
2. 以敲击（鼓等）奏出（曲调等） play (sth) by hitting usually a drum repeatedly
　He beat out a tune on a tin can.　他在易拉罐上敲出一首曲子。
　Beat out that tune on a drum.　用鼓敲出那调子。
　The natives send news over long distances by beating out a message on a hollow log.　土著人用敲击空心木杆的办法向远方传送消息。
3. 扑灭（火） stop (a fire) burning by beating it
　All the people from the village gathered branches and beat the fire out.　全村人都敛集树枝，把火扑灭了。
4. 筋疲力尽 feel tired
　She was thoroughly beaten out by the work.　工作使她筋疲力尽。
 ♣ beat to　(v.+prep.)
1. 把…打成…；通过敲打使…变（小） reduce (sth or sb) to (a smaller size or weaker condition) by beating
　The enemy beat him to a mummy.　敌人把他打得半死。
　The big boy beat Tom to his knees.　这个大男孩把汤姆打得求饶。
　Could you help me to beat it to powder?　你能帮我把这碾成粉吗?
　They beat the soldier to death.　他们把这个战士打死了。
　This black boxer beat the man to sticks.　这个黑人拳击手彻底击败了那个人。
　The old man was beaten to a wreck by the young criminals.　那老人被几个年轻罪犯打成了残废。
　They were beaten to their knees.　他们被打得求饶。
　He was beaten to a mummy.　他被打得半死。
　He was beaten to death.　他被打死了。
2. 抢先于（某人）达到目标 defeat (sb) by reaching (an aim) first
　I'll beat you to the winning post!　我要抢在你前头到达终点！
　I wanted to borrow the book from the library but someone already beat me to it.　我想从图书馆把那本书借来，可是有人在我前头把它借走了。
　They had hoped to put their model on the market within the year, but a rival company beat them to it.　他们本来想在年内把他们的样品投入市场的，可是一家与他们竞争的公司却抢先了。
　I was waiting to buy a ticket, but only one ticket was left, and another man beat me to it.　我等着买票，可是仅剩的一张却让另一个人抢先买走了。
　Our competitor beat us to the draw by coming out first with the new toy.　我们的竞争对手抢在我们之前，首先生产出新玩具。
 ♣ beat up　(v.+adv.)
1. 顺风行驶 sail before the wind
　When a favourable wind came, we were able to beat up.　风一顺，我们就能扬帆行驶。
2. 搅拌，搅匀（某物） mix (sth) by beating
　Beat up the eggs before you add the flour.　把鸡蛋搅匀后再加面粉。
　She beat the eggs up.　她把鸡蛋打好了。
3. 〈美俚〉痛殴，毒打（某人）；突然袭击 wound (sb) severely by hitting
　They charged in and started beating us up.　他们冲了进来对我们大打出手。
　Order was received, that we should make a night march and beat up the enemy's quarters.　已经接到命令，要我们夜行军奇袭敌人营地。
　Be careful not to be beaten up by the enemy.　当心别遭敌人暗算。

 ♣ beat, buffet, hit, knock, strike
　这组词都可以表示“打”。其区别是：
1. buffet和beat都可指“有意地打”。knock和strike既可表示有意地“打”，也可表示无意地“撞”。例如：

2. buffet表示连续猛击；beat指用棍、棒等连续击打；hit指对准某一目标去“打”; strike指徒手或持物一次性地打击。例如：

3. hit引申为“攻击”“抨击”“受打击”，也可以指精神上或感情上的“打击”; beat可指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方，用作不及物动词时，可指心脏或脉搏的“跳动”；而strike则可以用于时钟敲响。例如：

 ♣ beat, win
　这两个词的共同意思是“赢”。其区别是：beat的宾语是对手，即表示人的名词或代词；而win的宾语是比赛或奖品等，即表示物的名词或代词。例如：

1. C 敲打，敲打声　 a blow or a stroke made again and again
2. U 跳动，悸动　 a single pulse
3. S 节拍，拍子　 a measurement of time or accent in music
4. U 常去之地　 an area or place regularly visited or traveled through

　dynamic ～　有力的敲打
　familiar ～　熟悉的敲打
　impatient ～　不耐烦的敲打
　incessant ～　不停的敲打
　receding ～　渐渐消失的敲击
　rhythmic ～　有节奏的敲打
　steady ～　保持一定节奏的敲打
　heart ～　心跳
　on the ～　巡逻
　out of one's ～　不熟悉

　It was one beat of the drum every 60 seconds.　那是每60秒敲一次的鼓。
　We heard the beat of a drum.　我们听见击鼓声。
　The room resounded with each beat of the gong.　这间屋子回荡着阵阵锣声。
　The heart makes from seventy to eighty beats a minute.　心脏每分钟跳70至80次。
　His heart beats were getting weaker.　他的心跳逐渐减弱。
　A good dancer never misses a beat.　善于跳舞的人从不跳漏一拍。
　Every member of the band must follow the beat very closely.　乐队的每个成员都必须紧紧跟上拍子。
　The music had the familiar beat of a waltz.　这音乐有熟悉的华尔兹节奏。
　English grammar is out of my beat.　我不熟悉英语语法。
　She goes out on the City Hall beat for the evening paper at 3 every afternoon.　她每天下午3时前往她所负责采访的市政厅为晚报采访新闻。

 ♣ get a beat on
　抢（某人）上风　get win
　After a fierce struggle, he got a beat on his opponent.　经过殊死的较量，他占了对手的上风。
 ♣ in beat
　合拍　follow the beat
　He tried to set the clock in beat.　他设法使钟走得均匀。
 ♣ off one's beat
　超出某人熟悉的范围　out of place of sb well know
　When it comes to discussing philosophy, I am off my beat.　讨论到哲学时我就是外行了。
　He protested that fencing was off his beat.　他抗议说击剑不是他的本行。
　Doing that is rather off my beat.　我干那个不大内行。
 ♣ on the beat
1. 合拍 follow the beat
　By the end of the number they were all finally playing on the beat.　乐曲即将终了时，他们终于能演奏得合拍了。
2. 在巡逻中 be on patrol duty
　The policeman was on his beat.　那警察在执行巡逻任务。

　［同义词］ v. hit, pound, pulsate, pulse, strike, thrash, throb; conquer, defeat, overcome n. pulsation, pulse, strike, throb
　［词源］　中古英语beten （打击）