1. vi. & vt.（使）爆裂，炸破　 break open or in pieces suddenly
2. vi.挤满，充满　 be full of
3. vi.突然打开　 come into the stated condition suddenly and often violently
4. vi.突然发作　 happen suddenly

　～ a balloon　使气球爆破
　～ a blood vessel　血管破裂，很激动
　～ a tire　使轮胎爆破
　～ one's sides with laughing　笑破肚皮
　～ sb's restraint　打破某人的约束
　～ free　突然挣脱
　～ appallingly　令人震惊的爆破
　～ fierily　燃烧着爆裂
　～ turbulently　强烈地爆破
　～ away　立即离开
　～ forth　突然出现
　～ in　打破（门等）而入，闯入，突然发话
　～ out　突然开始，逃脱
　～ out crying　突然哭起来
　～ at　胀裂
　～ into　闯进，突然开始，爆发成…
　～ into a furious rage　勃然大怒
　～ into flames　突然燃烧起来
　～ into song　纵声歌唱
　～ into tears　大哭起来
　～ out of　冲出…
　～ out of the room　冲出房间
　～ through　穿过…突然出现
　～ upon〔on〕　突然出现
　～ with　充满…，挤满…
　～ with envy　妒火中烧
　～ with pride　傲气十足

　The shell burst overhead.　炮弹在头顶上爆炸了。
　I put too much air into the bicycle tyre and it burst.　我给自行车打气太足，车胎爆裂了。
　The boiler burst.　锅炉爆炸了。
　Once their water pipes froze and burst.　有一次，他们的水管冻裂了。
　Owing to the weight of the contents the sacks burst.　由于装得太重，口袋裂开了。
　I cannot eat any more; my stomach seems to burst.　我不能再吃了，我的肚子快要胀破了。
　Clouds gathered and a storm burst.　乌云密布，陡降暴雨。
　He was bursting to show what he could do.　他急着表现一下他的本事。
　She was bursting to tell us the news.　她急着告诉我们这个消息。
　Helen is bursting to write to her mother.　海伦正忙着给她妈妈写信。
　I am simply bursting to congratulate you.　我是急着要向你祝贺。
　He is bursting to send the boy to hospital.　他急于把这孩子送到医院去。
　He burst a blood-vessel.　他的一条血管破了。
　The water pressure burst the pipes.　水的压力使水管爆裂了。
　The champagne burst the bottle.　香槟酒从瓶口冲出来了。
　The water was unusually high this spring and the river burst its banks.　今春河水上涨得特别厉害，把河堤给冲破了。
　If you get much fatter you'll burst your clothes.　你要是再长胖就要把衣服撑破了。
　He burst the chains that held him.　他把身上的镣铐挣断。
　The bubble bursts itself.　泡沫突然破裂了。
　The postman burst the door open.　邮递员猛然把门打开。
　We had to burst the door open.　我们不得不破门而入。

 ♣ burst forth　(v.+adv.)
　突然发生或开始　suddenly begin
　〔说明〕 burst forth是古旧用法，现多代之以burst out.
　The sun burst forth again.　太阳又破云而出。
　The banks of the river gave way and the waters burst forth.　河岸坍塌，河水冲了出来。
　The leaves of the trees have burst forth.　树叶一下子都长出来了。
　The enthusiasm of the people now burst forth.　人民群众的热情现在迸发了出来。
　The cherry blossoms burst forth in all their beauty.　美丽的樱花突然开放了。
　Mary burst forth into song.　玛丽突然唱起歌来。
 ♣ burst in　(v.+adv.)
1. 打破（门等）而入，闯进，闯入；匆匆进入 break (sth) inwards with force; enter in haste
　Suddenly the door opened and the children burst in.　突然门打开了，孩子们拥了进来。
　He had just poked up the fire and was staring blankly at the flames when someone burst in.　他刚拨旺炉火，正茫然凝视着火焰，这时有个人闯了进来。
　When did you burst in?　你何时闯进来的?
　The firemen could enter the burning house only by bursting the door in.　消防员不得已把门破开，才进入那栋着火的房子。
　Without knocking, the child burst the door in.　这孩子没敲门，猛然推开门就进来了。
　Because he lost his key, he had to burst in the door.　因为钥匙丢了，所以他不得不破门而入。
2. 突然发话 speak suddenly
　The old man burst in when they were going to leave.　他们刚要走，老头突然开口说话了。
　"But I was there!" Jane burst in.　“但我当时在那儿！”简突然开口说。
　"He didn't come," she burst in.　“他没有来。”她突然开口说。
 ♣ burst in on　(v.+adv.+prep.)
1. 匆匆打断（某人）的话 interrupt (sth) in haste, often noisily
　They burst in on me while I was working.　我在工作时他们突然打断了我。
　I am sorry to burst in on you like this, but I have an urgent message.　真对不起，这么急匆匆地打断你们，但我有要紧的消息。
　He burst in on our conversation.　他打断了我们的谈话。
2. 突然到来 come suddenly
　The policemen burst in on the thief's house at midnight.　警察半夜突然冲进窃贼家中。
　They burst in on the family and took every one there away.　他们突然闯进这家，带走了所有的人。
 ♣ burst into　(v.+prep.)
1. 匆匆进入（某处） enter (somewhere) hastily
　The children burst into the room.　孩子们涌进了房间。
　The door was suddenly pushed open and he burst into the house.　门忽然推开，他闯进了屋来。
2. 突然开始（某事），突然进入（某种状态） start (sth) suddenly
　Gaitt burst into laughter.　盖特突然笑起来。
　He burst into laughter when he heard the joke.　他听完这个笑话后失声大笑。
　She burst into tears when she learned her failure in the exam.　她一听说自己考试不及格就失声大哭。
　The poor girl burst into tears when she heard the bad news.　听到这坏消息，可怜的女孩子突然哭了起来。
　Suddenly the leading car in the race burst into sight.　突然，比赛中的那辆领先的车出现了。
　The paper burst into flames.　那张纸突然着起火来。
　The tank burst into fragments.　这水箱突然破裂。
　The orchards are bursting into blossom.　果树都在开花。
　The weather turned warm unexpectedly, making the trees burst into leaves.　天气意想不到地转暖使树木突然长出了叶子。
 ♣ burst on〔upon〕　(v.+prep.)
1. 突然地、吵闹地打断或扰乱… interrupt (sth) with haste and noise
　We were having a nice quiet meal outdoors when the boys burst on the scene, shouting and fooling about.　我们正在户外安安静静地吃一顿美餐，一些男孩突然呼喊嬉闹着出现在我们面前。
　The cries for help burst upon our ears.　呼喊救命的声音突然传到我们耳边。
2. 突然发现（某物） discover (sth) suddenly
　In the middle of his tests, the scientist burst on the truth.　在实验过程中，那个科学家突然发现了真相。
　The view burst upon our sight.　那景象突然出现在我们眼前。
　At this moment an idea burst upon him—a glorious idea.　此刻他突然产生一个想法，一个十分美妙的想法。
3. 突然被（某人）明白，理解 become suddenly known by (sb)
　Just then the meaning of what had been said burst upon him, and he knew that he had been right.　只有到那时，他才意识到所说话的意思，他认识到他一直是正确的。
 ♣ burst out　(v.+adv.)
1. 大声喊叫 shout loud
　Be quiet, don't burst out.　安静，别大喊大叫。
　Don't burst out; it isn't my fault.　别大喊大叫的，那不是我的错。
　"I don't believe it!"burst out the angry old man.　那个老人怒气冲冲地说：“我不信！”"Are you sure?"he burst out.他突然喊道：“你拿得准吗”?
2. 突然发生 happen suddenly
　Everyone suddenly burst out laughing.　突然，大家哄堂大笑。
　Everyone was quiet when Jenny suddenly burst out crying.　大家都没出声，珍妮忽然哇地一声哭了起来。
3. （从…)逃脱 escape from somewhere
　Five men burst out of prison yesterday.　昨天有五个人逃出了监狱。
 ♣ burst through　(v.+prep.)
　穿过…而出现；冲破 appear through (sth)，　possibly force
　The enemy are already bursting through our weakened defences.　敌人开始突破我们已被削弱的防线。
　The water burst through the break in the dam.　水从堤坝的裂缝中涌出来。
　The sun burst through, and the clouds rolled away.　太阳穿过云层露出脸来。
　They burst a tunnel through the mountain.　他们在大山之中开了一条隧道。
　Why not burst the road through the hill?　为什么不在这座小山之中开一条路呢?
　He burst his way through the underbush.　他在矮树丛中开路前进。
　They burst a hole through the wall.　他们在墙上炸开一个窟窿。
 ♣ burst with　(v.+prep.)
1. 挤满 fill with
　With its storehouses bursting with grain, the farm had to build more granaries.　农场的仓库都堆满了粮食，只好新盖一些谷仓。
　The hall was bursting with children.　大厅里挤满了孩子。
2. 充满（某种感情）；富于（某种素质） feel full of (a feeling)
　Mary was bursting with joy over the good news.　玛丽听到这个好消息喜出望外。
　They were bursting with happiness.　他们高兴得不得了。
　The children are simply bursting with good health.　那些孩子长得真健康。
　He burst his heart with envy.　他心里充满了嫉妒。

 ♣ burst into, burst out
　burst into　和burst out都含有“突然哭〔笑〕”的意思。burst into强调“进入某种状态”，即“哭〔笑〕起来”，而burst out则强调“哭〔笑〕出声来”。burst into后面接名词时居多；burst out后接动名词时居多。例如：

 ♣ burst, break
　参见break条。
 ♣ burst, blow up, explode
　参见blow条。
 ♣ 下面各组中短语的意思不同：

　他从学校回来，给我们带来了好多新鲜事。
　［误］ He raced home from school bursting of news for us.
　［正］ He raced home from school bursting with news for us.
　［析］ burst with表示“充满”，此时的with可作“拥有，具有”讲。with不可改用of.

1. C 爆炸，破裂　 an act or result of bursting
2. C 爆发，突发　 a sudden short period of great activity, loud noise, strong feeling

　at a ～　一举
　work in sudden ～s　一阵阵猛干
　a ～ in the water pipes　水管上的裂口
　a ～ of anger　勃然大怒
　a ～ of applause　一阵掌声
　a ～ of blood vessel　血管破裂
　a ～ of bombs　炸弹爆炸
　a ～ of energy　一股劲
　a ～ of firing　一阵射击
　a ～ of flame　烈焰迸发
　a ～ of heavy rain　突然下起的大雨
　a ～ of laughter　一阵大笑
　a ～ of machine-gun fire　一阵机关枪声
　a ～ of thunder　一阵雷声
　a ～ of violence　迸出强烈的感情

　I heard several bomb bursts.　我听到了几声炸弹的爆炸声。
　The soldiers heard the burst of guns in the distance.　士兵们听到了远处的枪声。
　I've got to phone the plumber. I've got a burst.　我得打电话给管工，我的水管破裂了。
　A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the story.　在故事的结尾爆发了一阵阵掌声。
　The audience gave way to uncontrollable bursts of laughter.　听众忍不住发出一阵阵笑声。
　His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.　他一登上台就博得了一阵热烈的掌声。
　In the burst of anger, he threw a cup to the ground.　盛怒之下，他把茶杯摔在地上。
　She finally finished the job in a sudden burst of energy.　她最后猛加一把劲，干完了这件事。
　The swimmer won the contest with a splendid burst of speed at the end.　这位游泳运动员最终以漂亮的冲刺赢得了比赛。
　With a final burst of speed she overtook the leading runner and won the race.　她以最后一股劲猛冲，超越了领先的运动员，赢得了这场赛跑。
　It gives a burst of sunlight.　阳光破云而出。
　With a great burst of speed the airplane took off.　飞机猛一加速就起飞了。
　The fortress began spurting savage bursts of machine-gun fire.　那碉堡的机枪突然猛烈地扫射起来。

　［同义词］ v. blow up, erupt, explode
　［词源］　中古英语bresten（突出）