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词组 abide
释义 abide
abidev. [ǝ′baɪd] (abides; abided/abode; abiding)
双解释义
1. vt.容忍,忍受  tolerate; endure; bear
2. vi.逗留,居住  stay or live (in a place or condition)
3. vt.等候  wait for
基本要点
1. abide的基本意思是“容忍,忍受”,指长时间忍受痛苦或不幸而不屈服,侧重耐心与顺从。一般用作及物动词,接名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式作宾语,常与can't或couldn't连用。
2. abide还可作长时间地“逗留”“居住”解,此时一般用作不及物动词,常与介词in, at或with连用,表示“逗留的地点”或“与某人一同居住”。多用于法律或文学上,是古旧用法。
3. abide还可作“等候”解,多指耐心等待某种结果。此时一般用作及物动词,可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。多用于正式文体中。
4. abide by可指“遵守”法律、“信守”诺言、“忠于”某人或“承担”后果等。一般用于正式文体中。
5. abide作“容忍,忍受”“遵守,信守”“忠于”“承担”解时,其过去式和过去分词均为abided;作“逗留,居住”“等候”等解时,其过去式和过去分词均为abode.
词汇搭配
~+名词
 ~ an event 等待某件事的发生
 ~ one's time 等待时机
 ~ the result 等候结果
~+介词
 ~ by a contract 遵守合同
 ~ by a discipline 遵守纪律
 ~ by appeals of 按照…的请求
 ~ by one's opinion 坚持己见
 ~ by the consequences 承担后果
 ~ by the constitution 遵守宪法
 ~ by the inevitable 迫不得已
 ~ by the orders 遵从命令
 ~ by the principle 坚持原则
 ~ by the truth 坚持真理
句型例句
用作不及物动词
▲ S+~(+A)
 They abide here for a year. 他们在这里住了一年。
用作及物动词
▲ S+~+n./pron.
 How can you abide such a person?  你怎么能屈从于这样的人?
 She can't abide his rudeness. 她不能忍受他的粗鲁行为。
 The boy was too young to abide such heavy work. 这孩子太小,干不了这样的重活。
 She'll abide her time. 她将等待时机。
▲ S+~+to-v
 She couldn't abide to live in poverty. 在贫困中度日,她忍受不了。
 He could never abide to be helped into the saddle. 他最受不了人家扶他上马。
▲ S+~+v-ing
 She cannot abide seeing such cruelty. 她不忍看见这种残暴行为。
 We all abide your coming. 我们等待你的到来。
常用短语
 ♣ abide by (v.+prep.)
 〔说明〕 abide by通常不用于被动结构。
1. 遵守,信守obey exactly or remain faithful to
▲ abide by sth
 Resident aliens must abide by the laws of this country. 外国侨民必须遵守这个国家的法律。
 You must abide by what you have said. 你说话要算数。
2. 忠于(某人)be faithful to (usually sb)
▲ abide by sb
 He abides by his friends. 他忠于朋友。
3. 接受,承担accept sth without complaint
▲ abide by sth
 You must abide by the results of your mistakes. 你必须承担你的错误所造成的后果。
 ♣ abide in〔at〕 (v.+prep.)
 〈旧〉在…居住〔逗留〕live or stay in (a place)
▲ abide in〔at〕 sth
 They abide in a remote village. 他们住在一个偏远的村子里。
 ♣ abide with (v.+prep.)
 〈旧〉与(某人)住在一起 stay with (usually sb)
▲ abide with sb
 The child abode with his grandparents for three years before being returned to his home. 那个孩子和祖父母一起居住了三年才回到自己的家里。
词语辨异
 ♣ abide, inhabit, live, reside, stay
 参见live条。
正误解析
 必须遵守学校规则。
 [误] The school regulations must be abided by.
 [正] We must abide by the school regulations.
 [析] abide by通常不用在被动句中,应改为主动句,并根据需要用主语we, you或其他词。
补充资料
 [同义词] adhere, bear, endure, observe
 [反义词] disobey
 [词源]古英语abidan(持续,等待)
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更新时间:2024/10/30 10:24:53