英语词汇instruct的意思、翻译、用法及例句-英语用法大全

instruct

☞instructv. [ɪn′strʌkt]　(instructs; instructed; instructing)

双解释义

1. vt.命令，指示　give orders or directions to
2. vt.教，指导　give knowledge or information to
3. vt.通知　inform

基本要点

1. instruct的基本意思是“命令，指示”，多指上级对下级发号施令，也可指“教，讲授”，引申可指“通知”。
2. instruct多接指人的名词或代词作宾语，作“通知”解时还可接双宾语，其直接宾语可由that从句充当。instruct还可接以带或不带疑问词的动词不定式或wh-从句充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。

词汇搭配

～+名词

　～ soldier　命令士兵
　～ students　指导学生

～+副词

　～ diligently　辛勤指导
　～ formally　正式通知
　～ tediously　令人厌烦地讲授

～+介词

　～ sb about sth　就某事给某人以指导；～ in向…讲授…

句型例句

用作及物动词

▲ S+～+n./pron.

　The sergeant was instructing the soldiers.　那位军士在指导士兵。
　She instructs music once a week at a middle school.　在中学，她每周教一次音乐课。

用作双宾动词

▲ S+～+n./pron.+that-clause

　My agent has instructed me that you still owe me ￡50.　我的代理人通知我，你还欠我50英镑。

◇ 用于be ～ed结构

　I have been instructed that the defendant is unwell, and I therefore adjourn the case.　我得到通知说被告生病，因此，我延期审理此案。

用作宾补动词

▲ S+～+n./pron.+to-v

　The union issued an order instructing its members not to work overtime.　工会发出指示，不让会员超时工作。
　The captain instructed the soldiers to retreat.　上尉命令士兵们撤退。

◇ 用于be ～ed结构

　I've been instructed to wait here until the teacher arrives.　我被命令在这儿等候，一直到那位老师来后再走。

▲ S+～+n./pron.+wh-to-v

　I instructed him how to do the work.　我教他怎样干这项工作。
　I will instruct him whether to come today or tomorrow.　我将通知他是今天来还是明天来。

◇ 用于be ～ed结构

　Have you been instructed when to start?　你是否得到关于出发时间的通知了?

▲ S+～+n./pron.+wh-clause

　We should instruct the passengers what customs regulations are.　我们应该向乘客说明海关规则是什么。

常用短语

♣ instruct in　(v.+prep.)
　向…讲授…　give sb formal knowledge of (a subject)

▲ instruct sb in sth/v-ing

　Dr. Williams instructs us in botany.　威廉博士教我们植物学。
　The college will need an additional teacher to instruct the boys in cooking.　这所技术学校需要增加一名教员来向学生传授烹调技术。

◇ 用于be ～ed结构

　The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.　士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。

词语辨异

♣ instruct, charge, command, direct, enjoin
　参见command条。
♣ instruct, coach, educate, school, teach, train, tutor
　参见teach条。

补充资料

　［同义词］ command, educate, order, teach, train
　［词源］中古英语instructen（教，教导）

词组	instruct
释义	instruct ☞instructv. [ɪn′strʌkt]　(instructs; instructed; instructing) 双解释义 1. vt.命令，指示　give orders or directions to 2. vt.教，指导　give knowledge or information to 3. vt.通知　inform 基本要点 1. instruct的基本意思是“命令，指示”，多指上级对下级发号施令，也可指“教，讲授”，引申可指“通知”。 2. instruct多接指人的名词或代词作宾语，作“通知”解时还可接双宾语，其直接宾语可由that从句充当。instruct还可接以带或不带疑问词的动词不定式或wh-从句充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。词汇搭配～+名词　～ soldier　命令士兵　～ students　指导学生～+副词　～ diligently　辛勤指导　～ formally　正式通知　～ tediously　令人厌烦地讲授～+介词　～ sb about sth　就某事给某人以指导；～ in向…讲授… 句型例句用作及物动词 ▲ S+～+n./pron. 　The sergeant was instructing the soldiers.　那位军士在指导士兵。　She instructs music once a week at a middle school.　在中学，她每周教一次音乐课。用作双宾动词 ▲ S+～+n./pron.+that-clause 　My agent has instructed me that you still owe me ￡50.　我的代理人通知我，你还欠我50英镑。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构　I have been instructed that the defendant is unwell, and I therefore adjourn the case.　我得到通知说被告生病，因此，我延期审理此案。用作宾补动词 ▲ S+～+n./pron.+to-v 　The union issued an order instructing its members not to work overtime.　工会发出指示，不让会员超时工作。　The captain instructed the soldiers to retreat.　上尉命令士兵们撤退。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构　I've been instructed to wait here until the teacher arrives.　我被命令在这儿等候，一直到那位老师来后再走。 ▲ S+～+n./pron.+wh-to-v 　I instructed him how to do the work.　我教他怎样干这项工作。　I will instruct him whether to come today or tomorrow.　我将通知他是今天来还是明天来。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构　Have you been instructed when to start?　你是否得到关于出发时间的通知了? ▲ S+～+n./pron.+wh-clause 　We should instruct the passengers what customs regulations are.　我们应该向乘客说明海关规则是什么。常用短语 ♣ instruct in　(v.+prep.) 　向…讲授…　give sb formal knowledge of (a subject) ▲ instruct sb in sth/v-ing 　Dr. Williams instructs us in botany.　威廉博士教我们植物学。　The college will need an additional teacher to instruct the boys in cooking.　这所技术学校需要增加一名教员来向学生传授烹调技术。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构　The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.　士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。词语辨异 ♣ instruct, charge, command, direct, enjoin 　参见command条。 ♣ instruct, coach, educate, school, teach, train, tutor 　参见teach条。补充资料　［同义词］ command, educate, order, teach, train 　［词源］中古英语instructen（教，教导）
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