1. vt. & vi.说；讲　 speak
2. vt.说明，表明，宣称　 express sth in words; show; give an opinion
3. vt.比方说，假定说　 suppose; suggest

　～ a few words　讲几句话
　～ all one knows　知无不言
　～ grace　做祷告
　～ hello　问好
　～ one's lesson　背课文
　～ one's prayers　背祷告文
　～ poetry　背诗
　～ rain　预报有雨
　～ sorry　说对不起
　～ actually　明确地说
　～ aloud　大声地说
　～ apologetically　抱歉地说
　～ approximately　大概地说
　～ brusquely　鲁莽地说
　～ confidently　满怀信心地说
　～ coolly　冷冷地说
　～ definitely　明确地说
　～ deliberately　故意说
　～ distinctly　清楚地说
　～ emphatically　强调说
　～ exactly　准确地表明
　～ felicitously　贴切地表明
　～ flatly　断言
　～ frankly　坦率地说
　～ happily　高兴地说
　～ hoarsely　声音嘶哑地说
　～ humbly　谦卑地说
　～ impressively　说得明白
　～ ironically　讽刺地说
　～ openly　公开地说
　～ peevishly　气恼地说
　～ peremptorily　专断地说
　～ perfectly　熟练地背诵
　～ positively　明确地说
　～ reproachfully　责备地说
　～ safely　有把握地说
　～ sardonically　挖苦地说
　～ soothingly　安慰地说
　～ stoutly　坚定地说
　～ succinctly　扼要地说
　～ sweepingly　一概而论地说
　～ tactfully　婉转地说
　～ truthfully　如实地说
　～ unthinkingly　未经思考地说
　～ on　接着说
　～ out　说出来
　～ over　背诵
　～ about　谈论…
　～ after　跟着…说
　～ against　说…的坏话
　～ before　在…面前说
　～ for　替…说话
　～ of　就…谈看法
　～ to　对…说

　It is hard to say.　很难说。
　You may well say so.　你完全可以这么说。
　Easier said than done.　说起来容易做起来难。
　Don't ask me what I think of him because I cannot say.　不要问我对他有什么看法，因为我真的说不上来。
　He glared angrily at her but did not say a word.　他怒视着她，却一言不发。
　Enid could not say one tender word.　艾尼达连句亲切的话也说不出来。
　Have you said your words yet?　你的话说完了吗?
　Please open your mouth and say "ah".　请张开口说“啊”。
　Say all you know and say it without reserve.　知无不言，言无不尽。
　The actors said their lines perfectly.　演员们的台词背得很熟。
　I stood up to say my repetition.　我站起来背诵我应背的文章。
　The boy was saying his lessons.　那男孩子在老师面前背诵课文。
　My watch says ten to four.　我的表上是三点五十分。
　The fact that she gave the money back says a lot about her honesty.　她把钱送回来这事很能说明她为人诚实。
　Have you said your prayers?　你祈祷过了吗?
　The radio says heavy rain in the afternoon.　电台预报今天下午有大雨。
　This poem can be both said and sung.　这首诗歌既可以念又可以唱。
　She says to meet me at the station.　她说在车站接我。
　The guidebook says to turn left.　导游书上说向左拐。
　Please say which course to take.　请说明上哪节课。
　I will say how to use this word.　我将说明如何使用这个单词。
　He said that he had never been to Shanghai.　他说他从来没去过上海。
　He said that he'd like to see you.　他说他想和你见一面。
　He said that his friend's name was Sam.　他说他朋友的名字叫山姆。
　He says that he really can't afford to wait another day.　他说他实在不能再等一天了。
　I would say that the bookcase contains about 1000 books.　我估计这个书橱装有上千册书。
　They say that it is a fine film.　他们说那是一部好片子。
　People said that we could reach it in a day's march.　据说我们要走一天才能到。
　The letter says that he will come next week.　信上说他下周要来。
　She was smiling but her eyes said that she was unhappy.　她在微笑，但是她两眼的表情说明她并不愉快。
　The forecast says that there's going to be a storm this afternoon.　天气预报说，今天下午可能会有暴风雨。
　These tracks say that a rabbit has passed by here.　这些足迹显示有只兔子经过这里。
　Let's say your plan fails; then what do we do?　假如你的计划失败，那我们该怎么办。
　Well, say it were true, what then?　好吧，就算这是真的，又怎么样?
　Let's say that you are right.　我们姑且认为你是正确的。
　He says that he can't afford to buy it.　他说他买不起。
　Everyone was saying what a handsome couple they made.　大家都说他们是郎才女貌的一对。
　Say what you have seen.　讲讲你看到了什么。
　She said what a splendid boy he was.　她说他是个多么出色的男孩子。
　He said what was in his mind, that is, gave his opinion.　他把心里的话都说出来了，也就是说发表了自己的意见。
　She did not say what he expected her to do.　她没有讲出他指望她干什么。
　Nobody could say when the war would end.　天晓得这场战争何时能结束。
　Say which you will have.　你说要哪一个。

　It is said that he has gone to Beijing.　据说他已经到北京去了。
　It is said that they cancelled the order for 300 trucks.　据说他们撤销了300台卡车的订货。
　It was said that he was a very good doctor.　据说他医术高明。

　The shepherd said,"No, I didn't hang my sheep, I hanged a wolf in sheep's clothing."　羊倌说：“不，我捆吊的不是羊，而是披着羊皮的狼。”
　"Please hurry," she said.　她说：“请快点。”
　"Do you think it will rain?""I should say so/not."　“你认为会下雨吗?”“我想会的〔不会的〕。”
　So he says.　他这么说。
　Any one, let's say Smith, could do it.　无论哪一位，比方说史密斯，都能做此事。
　Let's take a walk, say, in the park.　咱们去散步吧，就在公园里怎么样?
　There were, say, 20 people there.　那儿有大约20人。
　He will probably come here in, say, five minutes.　他可能在大约五分钟后赶到。
　Would you take an offer of, say 500 pounds for your car?　要是给你开个价，比方说500英镑吧，你卖不卖这辆车?

 ♣ not to say
　近乎；甚至可以说　and almost; or perhaps even
　It is rather cool, not to say cold.　虽不能说冷，也算相当凉了。
　He sounded annoyed, not to say furious.　听起来他是生气了，甚至可以说是大发雷霆。
 ♣ say about　(v.+prep.)
　发表对…的看法　comment on; give one's opinion about
　Please say something about my new dictionary.　请对我的新字典加以评论。
　Can't you say anything about the meal?　你能不能就这顿饭说点什么?
　Did your parents have much to say about your being so late home last night?　你昨夜回家那么晚，你父母是不是唠叨了半天?
　Not too much can be said about the value of early rising.　早起的好处是说不尽的。
 ♣ say after　(v.+prep.)
　跟着…说〔读〕　repeat sth after sb
　"Say after me."the teacher said.　老师说道：“跟我念！”
 ♣ say against　(v.+prep.)
　（说…)以反对　object sth by saying sth
　〔说明〕 say against通常不用于进行体。
　What did the police say against your story?　对你叙述的情况警方提出什么异议了?
　Mother is sure to have something to say against your desire to leave home.　你想离家出走，母亲肯定会反对的。
 ♣ say for　(v.+prep.)
　为…讲话〔辩护〕　say sth in favor of sth; offer as an excuse or as sth in defence
　Don't you have one good word to say for her?　难道你不为她说句好话吗?
　You were driving at ninety miles an hour. Have anything to say for yourself?　你当时的驾驶时速已达90英里，你有什么要辩解的吗?
　There is much to be said for both sides of this question.　这个问题的正反两方面都能讲出许多道理来。
 ♣ say of　(v.+prep.)
　对…有某种说法，就…谈看法　give one's opinion about sth
　People say of her that she uses black magic.　人们说她使用巫术。
　It is said of him that he beats his wife.　人家说他打老婆。
　It is often said of our island that it is like a jewel set in the sea.　我们岛常被人们说成是镶嵌在大海上的一块宝石。
 ♣ say on　(v.+adv.)
　〈非正〉接着说　 continue to speak
　Say on, we're still listening.　接着说下去，我们还听着呢。
 ♣ say out　(v.+adv.)
　说出来　express
　〔说明〕 say out通常不用于进行体。
　Say your piece out and pay attention to our feelings.　把你的话都讲出来，并注意我们的情绪。
 ♣ say over　(v.+adv.)
　背诵　repeat from memory
　Do you say your prayers over every night?　你每天晚上都背一次祈祷文吗?
　He practised saying his speech over until he was letter-perfect.　他练习背诵自己的演说稿，直到把它完全记熟。
 ♣ say to　(v.+prep.)
　〔说明〕 say to通常不用于进行体。
1. 对…说，告诉 speak to sb
　What did you say to your mother?　你对你母亲说了什么?
　I want to say something to you in private.　我想私下对你说一些事。
　He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.　他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
2. 是否同意做某事 agree or not to do sth
　What do you say to that picture?　你愿意对那幅画发表看法吗?
　What do you say to going for a walk?　去散步好吗?
 ♣ say to oneself
　暗想　think oneself
　He said to himself that there was something wrong.　他心中暗想肯定是出了问题。
　"What shall I do?" he said to himself.　“我该怎么办?”他心里想道。
 ♣ to say nothing of
　更不必说　without even considering; not to mention
　He hadn't seen the art galleries, the museums—to say nothing of the theatrical district.　他连艺术画廊，博物馆这些地方都没看，更谈不上去看剧院区了。
 ♣ to say the least (of it)
　至少可以说　without any exaggeration
　Such a view is incorrect, to say the least.　至少可以说这样的见解是错误的。
　I was surprised at what he said, to say the least.　至少可以说，我对他的话感到吃惊。

 ♣ not to say, to say nothing of, to say the least (of it)
　这三个短语的意义和用法均不同：not to say作“虽不能说”解，它表示在所谈及的两个方面，后者的程度虽然大于前者，但前者的程度已非常大，几乎接近后者的程度，从而使前者得到强调，该短语连接的两个成分不能随意调换位置；to say nothing of意为“更不用说”，它表示在所谈及的两个东西中前者的重要性大于后者，其语义特点在于通过肯定前者的意义来突出后者，表示赞扬、不满、惋惜等感情；to say the least (of it)作“至少可以说”解，它后面的of it常省略，其中it是指前面所提及的事情。
 ♣ say, speak, talk, tell
　这组词的共同含义是“说，告诉”。其区别是：say指“说出”，着重指说出具体的内容，一般用作及物动词，后面的宾语是所说的话；speak指“说话，发言”，着重开口说话的动作，一般用作不及物动词，其宾语通常是表示某种语言名称的词；talk指“讲话，谈论”，意思与speak相近，在一些情况下可以通用，通常talk用作不及物动词；tell指“告诉”，是直接给对方讲或以间接的方式转诉某事，在多数情况下， tell的后面通常接双宾语，在少数情况下可用简单宾语。试体会下面这几个词的用法和含义：He had talked for a long time, but he spoke so fast that we couldn't catch what he said.他讲了很长时间，但他说得太快了，我们没听清他讲了些什么。
　Mr. Green was invited to speak〔talk〕 to us on Greek philosophy.　格林先生应邀给我们讲希腊哲学。
　He told me the news.　他告诉了我这个消息。
　He told me that he was coming.　他告诉我说他就来。
 ♣ say hello to, ask after, give one's regards to
　参见ask条。
 ♣ not to say, not to mention
　参见mention条。
 ♣ not to say, not to speak of
　参见speak条。
 ♣ 下面三句意思相同，第一、二句较正式，最后一句较随便：
　
 ♣ 下面这句话有两种表达方式：
　
 ♣ 下面两个句子的意思不同：
　

1. 他认为我是撒了谎。
　［误］ He thought that I said a lie.
　［正］ He thought that I told a lie.
　［析］ 表达“说谎”往往用tell a lie〔tell lies〕，而不能说say a lie.
2. “别碰它。”那个小男孩说。
　［误］ "Don't touch it."the small boy said.
　［正］ "Don't touch it."said the small boy.
　［析］ 主句若放在直接引语后面，主语是名词时往往倒装。
3. 不用说，他是这个领域的学术带头人。
　［误］ Needless to speak, he is one of the leading scholars in this field.
　［正］ Needless to say, he is one of the leading scholars in this field.
　［析］ needless to say是习惯用法，意为“不用说”，这里say不可以用speak代替。
4. 都说他是个好孩子。
　［误］ People say him to be a good boy.
　［正］ He is said to be a good boy.
　［析］ say用于主动结构后不能接复合宾语，但这种复合宾语可以和say的被动结构连用。

S 决定权，发言权 power or right of (sharing in) acting or deciding

　allow ～　保留发言权
　finish ～　把话讲完
　have all the ～　有决定一切的权力
　have no ～　没有决定权
　say out one's ～　畅所欲言，无所不谈
　final ～　最后的决定权
　bigger ～　更多的发言权
　equal ～　平等的发言权
　little ～　很少的发言权
　major ～　主要的决定权
　much greater ～　更多的发言权
　real ～　真正的发言权
　demand a ～ in sth　要求就某事发言
　have a ～ in the matter　对某事有发言权
　have one's ～ about sth　对…发表意见

　We are considering giving them greater say in such matters.　我们正考虑让他们在这种问题上有更大的决定权。
　Everyone had a say in making the decision.　在作出决定时每个人都发表了自己的意见。
　People want a much greater say in how the country should be governed.　人们对于应怎样治国要求有更多的发言权。
　The workpeople had no say in how their factory was run.　工人们在工厂管理方面没有发言权。
　He wanted to paint the room green but his wife had already chosen pink and he had no say in the matter.　他想把这间屋子漆成绿色，但他的妻子却已决定要刷成粉红色的，他在这件事上没有发言权。
　She had no say in the choice of a husband; her parents had all the say.　她无权选择自己的丈夫，父母却有权包办一切。

 ♣ have〔say〕 one's say
　有〔利用〕机会发表意见 have〔use〕　the chance to say sth, especially express one's opinion in a determined way
　She came here one month ago, but she always wanted to have her say about everything.　她刚来一个月，可是总对什么事情都想说上几句。
　The meeting has to be prolonged for many people want to have their say.　会议只好延长，因为很多人都想发言。
　He always has to have his say, even if he knows nothing about the subject.　即使对某个题目一无所知，他也要总去发表自己的意见。
　I went to the meeting and the committee wouldn't change its policy—but at least I said my say.　我去参加了会议，但委员会不愿意改变其政策——但至少我还是利用这机会发表了我的意见。

 ♣ 下面两个句子意思不同：
　

　［同义词］ v. speak, talk, tell n. right
　［词源］　古英语secgan <中古英语seien（说）