| 词组 | black |
| 释义 | black Quite a few commentators mention the use of black in the sense of Negro, a revival of an old use that seems to have begun with the civil rights movement in the 1960s. The OED reports instances of black in the sense from the 17th century; evidently it began as a translation of the Spanish Negro, which had earlier been used in English. The term seems to have been neutral in the 18th century: • ... Pompey, Colonel Hill's black, designs to stand speaker for the footmen. I am engaged to use my interest for him —Jonathan Swift, Journal to Stella, 25 Nov. 1710 • The negro case is not yet decided Maclaurin is made happy by your approbation of his memorial for the black —James Boswell, letter to Samuel Johnson, 14 Feb. 1777 Reader's Digest 1983 says that black, Negro, and colored were all in neutral use during the time of slavery; after the Civil War colored was the preferred term, with Negro replacing it in favor around the turn of the century. Changes in the preference for one term over another are always gradual. Copperud 1970, 1980 reports a Newsweek poll taken in 1969 that showed Negro ahead of colored just slightly ahead of black. By the end of the 1970s black was clearly preferred. It is sometimes capitalized. • ... when the idea of enlisting blacks for Confederate armies (with the implied promise of freedom) was successfully brought forward —Robert Penn Warren, Jefferson Davis Gets His Citizenship Back, 1980 • ... two black men in overalls lifting off a plank — Russell Baker, Growing Up, 1982 • ... and there are Blacks in the exclusive clubs of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton —Geoffrey Nunberg, in Standards and Dialects in English, 1980 See also colored. |
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