| 词组 | calculate |
| 释义 | calculate There is more fuss about this word than is warranted in recent handbooks, which hasten to point out that when calculate is used to mean "to judge to be true or probable, suppose, think" and sometimes "to intend," it is dialectal, colloquial, or informal. The use is an Americanism and has been the subject of censure at least since Hull's grammar of 1829. Some commentators on Americanisms believe that in the early days of the Republic the Yankee's calculate contrasted with the Southerner's reckon or allow. The Dictionary of American Regional English identifies calculate as originally a New Englandism that spread. Evans 1957 thinks its use dying out; in partial confirmation the DARE says it is somewhat old-fashioned. A few examples of "judge to be true or probable, think": • It is probable that the hospital poison has affected my system, and I find it worse than I calculated — Walt Whitman, letter, 14 June 1864 • ... demonstrates that I am not calculated to be soft on such a subject —Arthur H. Vandenberg, quoted in Time, 14 Apr. 1947 • An old fellow with a carpet bag calculated it was good exercise to walk to Quincey —Mark Twain, The Adventures of T. J. Snodgrass, 1856 (A Mark Twain Lexicon, 1938) • We had reason to calculate, that they had good guides —Zebuion M. Pike, An Account of Expeditions to the Sources of the Mississippi, 1810 And a couple of "intend": • We calculate to go up to the city to-morrow —Cyrus Hurd, Jr., letter or journal entry, 9 Mar. 1849, in Yale Rev., Summer 1947 • He ketched a frog one day, and took him home, and said he cal'lated to educate him —Mark Twain, "The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," 1865, in Mark Twain's Library of Humor, 1888 |
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