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词组 not so much(...)as
释义
not so much(...)as2     

【问】 The problem set for society is not the virtues of the type so much as its adequacy for itsfunction. (New Concept English,Book 4,P. 61)
 [原译1]社会所要答复的问题并不是这类人物有无美德,而是他是否胜任他的职务。(中译本)
 [原译2]社会要回答的问题并不是这类人物有无美德,而是他是否胜任其职务。(《新概念英语》(四),朗文出版公司、世界图书出版公司,1993,P.80)
 请分析not so much as的含义和译法。
 【答】 在我国的翻译出版物上,很多人都把not so much A as B统统译成了“不是A,而是B”。在汉语里,“不是A而是B”意在完全排除(否定)人,而完全肯定B。但是,根据COD的解释,not so much... as在意义和用法上相当于less... than,可见这个短语并不是表示肯定一项而否定另一项,而是表示两项兼而有之。换言之,这一结构常常用来比较两种说法的正确程度。在作者看来,后一种说法(as项)更正确些。例如:
 1. His success is not so much by talent as by energy.
 他的成功与其说是由于才能,不如说是由于精力。(这句话决不意味着“他的成功与才能无关”)
 2. He would point out that observation or perception is a concept which refers not so muchto acuteness of sight,hearing,etc.,or to the care with which they are applied as to theability to relate phenomena to a complex network of previous experiences and theories.
 心理学家会指出,观察和感觉是这样一种概念:这种概念所指的与其说是看、听等的敏锐性,或者看、听等的仔细程度,还不如说是把现象同先前的经历和理论的复杂网络联系起来的能力。
 3. The Mr. Palomar telescope is placed on a mountain not so much to bring it nearer to theheavens as to put it where the air is purer and clearer and the noises and vibrations ofcities are avoided.
 把帕洛马望远镜安置在山上,与其说是为了更接近天空,还不如说是为了那里的空气比较纯净清新,又可避开城市的噪音和震动。
 下列各句中的not so much... as也是译为“与其……不如……”,显得好些。
 (1)The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things as to teach youthe art of learning.
 [原译]学校教育最大的效用,不在教你一些知识,而在教你学习的方法。(钱歌川:《翻译的技巧》.P.231 )
 难道能说教学生知识,一点不算“学校教育的重大效用”吗?
 (2)Success in life does not depend so much on one's school record as on one's honesty anddiligence.
 [原译]事业的成功并不靠在学校时的成绩,而要靠为人的诚实和勤勉。(钱歌川:《翻译的技巧》.P.231)
 能说学校的学习成绩与事业的成功毫无关系吗?
 (3)Science moves forward,they say,not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.(攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题,94)
 [原译]新学派的科学家认为科学的发展不是因为科学家的真知灼见,而是因为改进了的工具。
 (参考答案,引自《1998年硕士研究生入学英语考试应试指导》,中国人民大学出版社,P.163)
 世界上有哪个人真的会说:“科学的发展与科学家的真知灼见毫不相干”吗?
 请做下面的英语试题:
 It was not so much the many blows he received for the lack of fighting spirit that led tohis losing the game.
 (攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题,92)


赵振才 编著.英语常见问题解答大词典.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社.1998.第812-813页.
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