【问】 英语里都有哪些手段来表示条件?
 【答】 英语里表示条件的手段是很多的。很有必要在这里归纳一下，以便查阅。
 A. in case of，in the event of，on condition of，with，without，but for，except for(引出否定的 条件)等介词结构：
 1. In case of fire，ring the bell，(Collins)
 如果发生火灾，请打铃。
 2. In the event of rain，the party will be held indoors. (RCD)
 天若下雨，聚会将在室内举行。
 3. On condition of your signing this receipt，I will pay the money.
 假如你在这收据上签字，我就付给你钱。
 4. Without steel，there would be no industry.
 没有钢铁，就没有工业。
 5. But for Gordon，we would have lost the match. (CGEL)
 要不是高尔顿，我们就会输了这场比赛了。
 6. She would leave her husband except for her children.
 如果没有孩子，她就离开她的丈夫了。
 B.动词不定式
 1. To look at him you could hardly help laughing. (EEG)
 要是你看一看他那个样儿，你会禁不住笑起来。
 2. You must be strong to lift that weight. (CGEL) (“...if you were able to lift thatweight. ”)
 要提起这个重物，你必须很强壮。
 3. To be considered for admission，you must make a formal application. (“If you are to beconsidere...”)
 如果你想被录取，你就必须写个正式的申请表。
 4.What would I not have given to be able to say the rules without a mistake!((注意：这里的动词不定式表示与过去事实相反的假设)
 要是当时我能够一点不差地把这些规则说出来，我什么代价不愿意付出啊!
 5. To raise the standard of living in any country，two things are needed： scientific knowl-edge，and population sufficiently educated to understand how to apply it.
 要想提高一个国家的生活水平，就必须具备两个条件：科学知识以及受过良好教育足以懂得如何应用科学知识的居民。
 6. You'd be a fool not to take the scholarship. (“If you didn’t...”(CGEL)
 如果你不接受这笔奖学金，你就是一个大傻瓜。
 C.分词短语
 1.Driving at high speed，one may well miss direction signs. (CGEL)
 如果开车速度很快，很有可能看不到方向标志。
 2. The sentence is ambiguous，taken out of context. (CGEL)
 这个句子如果离开上下文是有歧义的。
 3. Born in New China he would have been a great scholar.
 他要是生在新中国的话，他就是一位伟大的学者了。
 4. Given the chance I'd do it again.
 如果还有机会我会再干一次。
 D.形容词短语(常带连词)
 1. If true，this will cause us a lot of trouble. (Mis)
 如果这是真的，将会给我们带来许多麻烦。
 2. If possible，the puppy should be fed four times a day.
 如果可能的话，这条小狗每天应当喂四次食。
 3. If wet，these shoes should never be placed too close to the heat.
 这些鞋如果湿的话，绝不应当放在靠炉子太近的地方。
 E.独立分词结构
 1. Time permitting，we shall start tomorrow.
 如果时间允许的话，我们将明天动身。
 2. This sum added，we will have enough money for the trip.
 如果加上这笔钱，我们的旅行费用就足够了。
 F.由下列词项引导的条件从句
 if，unless，as long as，assuming(that)，given(that)，in case，in the event that，on condition(that)，on the assumption that，provided (that)，providing (that)，supposing (that)，withthe proviso that
 1. Unless you have a valid passport，I cannot book your ticket. (CGEL)
 如果你没有有效护照，我就不能给你预订票。
 2. As long as you're happy，it doesn't matter what you do. (Chambers)
 只要你快乐，你做什么，都没有关系。
 3. Assuming it rains tomorrow，what shall we do? (LDCE)
 如果明天下雨，我们怎么办呢?
 4. Given that x=y，then n(x+a)=n(y+a) must also be true. (CGEL)
 如果x=y，则n(x+a)=n(y+a)也一定是正确的。
 5. In case I forget，please remind me about it. (ALD)
 万一我忘了，请提醒我。
 6. In the event that our team wins，there will be a celebration. (DAI)
 如果我们队胜了，将举行庆祝会。
 7. I'll come on condition that John is invited，too. (LDCE)
 如果约翰也被邀请的话，我就去。
 8. Provided(that) there is no opposition，we shall hold the meeting here. (LDCE)
 假如没有人反对，我们将在这里举行会议。
 9. He will do the work providing you pay him. (Evans)
 如果你付给他钱，他就干这个活儿。
 10. Supposing(that) she doesn't come，what shall we do? (Chambers)
 如果她不来，我们怎么办?
 11. I agree to your plan，with the proviso that I shall be informed of its progress at regularintervals. (PAP)
 假如你定期向我报告进展情况，我就同意你的计划。
 G.无连词条件从句
 1. Should she be interested，I’ll phone her. (CGEL)
 如果她感兴趣的话，我会给她打电话的。
 2. Were I you，I would study hard. (IME)
 如果我是你的话，我会努力学习的。
 3. Had you not helped me，I should have failed.
 如果你没有帮助我的话，我就失败了。
 此外，英语里还有一些表示条件的手段，它们虽然不是语法上的条件状语，但是应当在这里谈一下。
 A.名词短语
 One more step and I’ll shoot. (CGEL)
 你再走一步，我就开枪。
 B.第一个并列分句
 1. Give me some money and I’ll help you escape. (CGEL)
 给我一些钱，我就帮助你逃跑。
 2. Give it back to me or(else) I’ll tell your mother. (CGEL)
 把它还给我，要不，我就告诉你母亲。
 (参见and¹⁰)