【问】 (a) Her job is raising pigs.

(b) The situation is encouraging.

句(a)中的raising和句(b)中的encouraging都是V-ing形式，而且都充当表语，请问如何鉴别哪个是动名词，哪个是现在分词?

【答】 初学者可以用以下两种方法来鉴别：

A.充当表语的动名词一般可以与主语互换位置，句子仍然成立，而且基本含义不变：

1. Her job is raising pigs. →Raising pigs is her job.

她的工作是养猪。

2. Her first job had been selling computers.→Selling computers had been her first job.

她的第一个工作是销售计算机。

B.动名词充当表语时，表语部分在意义上可以与主语部分划等号。例如：

Her job=raising pigs.

而现代分词充当表语时却不能这样做。

请分析下面的句子：

1. The matter is quite pressing.

2. To keep money you have found is stealing.

3. This answer was pleasing to his parents.