释义 |
■ hell1) 作“地狱”解,不加任何冠词,相当于专有名词(只是不大写)。 - They were afraid of going to hell when they died.他们害怕死后下地狱。
- The path/road/way to hell is paved with good intentions.通向地狱的道路是用善意铺成的(或译为:往往好心反而会办坏事)。
2) 转义为“苦难”,则相当于不可数名词。 - It took us eight days of unspeakable hell to walk to the border.我们经过了八天无法形容的艰难困苦,才徒步走到边界。
- This tooth is giving me hell.这颗牙齿把我害惨了。
- They made life hell for the people next door.他们把隔壁的邻居害得没日子过。
3) 加上定冠词 the,可以放在一些特殊问句的开首疑问词之后,加强不满、困惑、惊讶的口气,不属于句子的基本成分。 - How the hell do these pieces fit together?这些小块怎么能拼凑在一起?
- Why the hell didn't you tell me?你当时干嘛不告诉我?
- Who the hell do you think you are?你以为自己是什么人?
- What the hell are you doing?你在干嘛?
如果这个 what 作疑问形容词使用,后面有名词,则 the hell 甚至可以插在 what 与名词之间。 - What the hell time is it?现在是什么鬼时间了?
但是开首疑问词如果是 which,则通常不插进 the hell,例如不习惯说:*Which the hell book do you like? 你喜欢哪一本书?The hell 在句中也可以用 in hell 来代替。 - Where in hell have you been all night?你一整夜到哪里去了?
4) one hell of 或 a hell of 后面加上 a + 名词,表示加重语气,强调这个名词所代表的事物的特性。 - a hell of a noise刺耳的噪音
- a hell of an attractive woman一个漂亮动人的女子
- a hell of a guy一个帅哥
- That's one hell of a problem you've got there.你这一下子可遇到难题咯。
- That's a hell of a price to pay for a coat.一件外衣,竟然要这么高的价钱。
a hell of a lot 表示大量。 - There was a hell of a lot of traffic on the roads.公路上交通非常繁忙。
5) 某些及物动词(延续的和瞬时的均可)和它的直接宾语(通常指人)之间插进 the hell out of,就大大加强这个动词的力度。 - It annoys the hell out of me.这使我厌烦死了。
- I love the hell out of her.我爱她爱得要命。
- They beat/ knocked the hell out of him.他们狠狠地揍了他一顿。
6) the hell with 后面接上名词成分,是“管它的什么…”,常常是假设站到对方的立场,对一件重要的事物表示轻蔑(句子没有谓语),从而加强对对方的指责。例如美国反战人士的宣传品中有: - Bush still doesn't get the fact that his views on the war do not represent American citizens' views. The hell with the people getting blasted to bits in the desert, the hell with the families who lost loved ones, the hell with the taxpayer that funds this madness.布什仍然不明白一个事实,就是他对这场战争的看法并不代表美国公民们的看法。那些在沙漠里粉身碎骨的人算得了什么,那些失去亲人的家庭算得了什么,那些为这件荒唐事掏腰包的纳税人又算得了什么。
7) hell 的一个委婉的形式是 heck。 - I had to wait a heck of a long time.我只好等了好久。
- The heck with his constituents, who live with some of the foulest coal-burning plants in the country. The heck with the United States, trying to free itself from foreign oil. The heck with the planet, threatened by global warming.(Froma Harrop, The Daily Gazette, Schenectady, New York, Feb. 2, 2008)(一篇文章批评参议员爱德华·肯尼迪曾投票反对开发某风力能源工程,里面说)他自己的选民们靠着国内最简陋的燃煤发电厂过日子,这算得了什么。美国在力图摆脱国外石油,又算得了什么。地球面临着全球变暖的威胁,又算得了什么。
The heck 也可以插在句子中作为愤怒或不满的语气助词,例如: - "They're all a bunch of liars," he said. "You don't know who the heck to vote for anymore." (The Associated Press, Oct. 20, 2009)他说,“他们全是一批骗子。你再也不知道该投谁的票。”
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