释义 |
■ come1to come to inf. 原来意思是表示两个相继的动作(先来,来了后做某事,而且做某事是来的目的),但是在口语中,很少这样说,更多是说 come and inf. (而且这种说法即使 come 和后面的动词在形态上发生了变化仍然可以,这一点与 try and inf. 和 wait and inf. 不同)。 - Come and have a drink.来喝点东西吧。
- He came and had a drink(不说 came to have).他来喝了点东西。
- He often comes and spends the evening with us(不说 comes to spend).他常常来同我们一起度过傍晚
参见 go and inf., hurry up and inf., stay and inf.。这种以 and 代替 to 的用法,甚至扩大到另外一些句子。 - I would like to take a minute and thank (不说 take a minute to thank) all those who have helped me make the project successful.我要抽出一分钟的时间,感谢所有帮助过我成功完成这个项目的人士。
■ come2本来这个动词指的是一个瞬时动作(第四类),通常不能用一般现在时。但是它有时候也可以指一个状态(第一类),表示出身、籍贯、来源等,此时就可以用一般现在时。 - I have a friend who comes (= who is) from England.我有一个来自英国的朋友。
试比较: - I have a friend who came from England.我有一个从英国到这里来的朋友。
- She comes from Scotland, but her mother's Welsh.她原籍苏格兰,但她母亲是威尔士人。
- Many of the reports about the snowmen are probably hoaxes, but others come from people of unquestionable honesty.有关雪人的报道,许多可能是骗局,但是另一些报道则来自正直老实不成问题的人。
如果整个时间框架是过去的,那么 come 就要改成 came。 此外,come 还在一些场合起类似 to be 的系动词 (copula) 作用,此时它可以转成为表示延续状态的第一类动词,可以有一般现在时。 - The Knopf edition (= an English version of Tolstoy's War and Peace), in contrast, comes laden with a long introduction by Pevear, heavy annotation, a historical glossary of people and places and a summary of the action. (Newsweek, Oct. 15, 2007, p.81)诺普夫版则反之,加上了佩维阿尔的一篇长长的序言,又有大量的注释、人名地名的历史词汇表以及故事梗概。
■ come3it comes to... 如果放在 when 引入的从句之中,此时意思是“在…方面,当涉及…之时”(里面的 come 要有时态变化)。 - This was probably true when it came to George Washington.如果说的是乔治·华盛顿,也许的确是如此。
但是如果 It comes to... 是主句,或是从句不用 when 而用别的主从连词(例如 if)引入,则意思是“问题归结为…”。 - If it comes to a choice between X and Y, he would not hesitate to opt for X.如果问题归结为要 X 还是要 Y,他会毫不犹豫地要 X。
■ come4这个动词的原形后面跟着某个日期,是个时间状语,表示“等到(某日期)到来之时”。 - Come next May, when the Da Vinci Code craze hits its peak, Paris won't be nearly far enough.等到今年五月《达芬奇密码》的狂热达到高峰的时候,就连巴黎也会离得不够远了。
- Come 2008, we may see a Republican candidate who understands these issues running against a Democrat who has to learn them, like an unguided rocket, on the fly.到了 2008 年,我们就可能看到一个懂得这些问题的共和党候选人同一个需要像没有制导的导弹一样在飞行中学会这些东西的民主党人角力。
- (Ohio is) a presidential battleground that could go either Bush-red or Kerry-blue come November 2. (US News & World Report, June 7, 2004, p.36)俄亥俄州是总统竞选的战场,它到了 11 月 2 号,可能成为拥护布什的红色,或是拥护克里的蓝色。
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