| 词组 | enjoin |
| 释义 | enjoin 1. Fowler 1926 dislikes the use of enjoin with a personal object followed by an infinitive, as in "They enjoined him to be careful." He finds some support for such a construction in the OED, but he argues that "ordinary modern use" requires an impersonal object followed by upon, as in "They enjoined caution upon him." Sir Ernest Gowers keeps this argument essentially unchanged in his 1965 revision of Fowler, but our evidence suggests that whatever validity it may have had in 1926 is now entirely lost. As Evans 1957 notes, when enjoin is used to mean "to direct or admonish" it now usually takes the infinitive: • ... and enjoined him to bequeath them to his heirs — Times Literary Supp., 28 May 1971 • ... my temperament enjoins me to believe —Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., Harper's, August 1971 • ... takes personal command, and enjoins the men to move forward —Col. David H. Hackworth, Harper's, July 1972 The construction favored by Fowler (with upon or on) is now relatively uncommon. Note that the sense of enjoin differs somewhat in this construction, being not so much "to direct" as "to impose" or "to urge as a duty or necessity": • We must at last practice what we enjoin on others — H. H. Lippincott, Time, 21 Feb. 1955 • ... displayed the charity enjoined on Christians — Naomi Bliven, New Yorker, 17 July 1971 2. A point of interest raised by several commentators is that enjoin has two main senses which are almost directly opposite to each other: "to direct or urge" and "to forbid or prohibit." Both senses are centuries old, and there is no question about the respectability of either. The "forbid or prohibit" sense is most familiar in—but not limited to—legal contexts: • ... claims the right ... to enjoin newspapers from telling their readers what the government is up to — Archibald MacLeish, Saturday Rev., 13 Nov. 1971 • ... girls enjoined from getting soiled; boys forbidden to play with dolls —Letty Cottin Pogrebin, New York, 27 Dec. 1971 • ... a judge permanently enjoined him from shipping excess oranges —Guerney Breckenfeld, Saturday Rev., 10 July 1976 |
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