| 词组 | like, such as |
| 释义 | like, such as The few commentators who mention like and such as express rather diverse opinions. Little, Brown 1980, 1986 and Sellers 1975 make a distinction between the two, reserving such as for examples and like for resemblances. Little, Brown prefers that such as not be divided by the noun for which examples are to be supplied: "such saxophonists as Ben Webster and Coleman Hawkins" does not meet their approval. Kilpatrick 1984 does not care if such as is divided or not, but he does not want like used in its place. Winners & Sinners, 27 Apr. 1987, on the other hand, does not want such as used before a single example; like is to be used there. Bernstein 1971 and Follett 1966 think that the example-resemblance distinction is too fine to worry about; Bernstein describes those who do worry about it as nit-pickers. Kilpatrick says Follet and Bernstein are wrong. The fact that opinions vary so greatly on this matter is enough to suggest that standard usage itself varies a good deal. We think that Bernstein and Follett are right here and that the issue of ambiguity, which evidently underlies the thinking of those who urge the distinction, is probably much overblown. In the examples that follow, the quotation from Emily Post is clearly an example of like used for resemblance; that from Guth is an example of like used for examples. In the passages from Copperud and Flannery O'Connor, you cannot be sure whether examples or resemblances are intended, but the meaning of each sentence works out to be the same under either interpretation. And in none of the examples that follow can you detect any ambiguity of meaning, either as they are written with like or as they would read if you substituted such as: • "Attended" instead of "went to" is taboo with people like Mrs. Worldly —Emily Post, Etiquette, 1927 • ... and you get more benefit reading someone like Hemingway, where there is apparently a hunger for a Catholic completeness in life —Flannery O'Connor, letter, 16 Jan. 1956 • Phrases like three military personnel are irreproachable and convenient —Copperud 1964 • It has been used in advertising copy like the following—Harper 1975, 1985 • Avoid clipped forms like bike, prof, doc —Guth 1985 • ... a mere box-office success like Kiss and Tell — George Jean Nathan, The Theatre Book of the Year, 1949-1950 • A writer like Auden for instance, or like Rex Warner, might do a fruitful parody —G. S. Fraser, in Little Reviews Anthology 1949, ed. Denys Val Baker • ... some very outré works, things like Swift's poem "A Beautiful Young Nymph Going to Bed." —Paul Fussell, Samuel Johnson and the Life of Writing, 1971 |
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