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词组 intended to do/intended to have done
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intended to do/intended to have done     

【问】 I intended to have written her a letter yesterday,but I forgot to because of the day andevening appointments that I had.(TOEFL 试题)

这道改错题的答案是A(要求将to have written改为to write)。这道考题使我长期迷惑不解。难道intended to have done不是表达“本打算”这一含义的正确用法吗?

【答】 在美国英语里可以使用动词intend的过去时形式再加上简单的动词不定式(如intend-ed to write)来表示过去“本打算做,而实际没有做”这一含义。上面的试题过份地强调了美国英语的用法,而忽略了英国英语的用法,似欠公允,而有片面武断之嫌。实际上,在英国英语里,用intended to + have done这一结构来表达“本打算(而实际上未实现)”这一含义的例子俯拾即是:

1. We intended to have gone to Wales... (GPU)

我们本来打算到威尔士去……

2. I intended to have called you,but... (GPU)

我本打算给你打电话,但是……

3. They intended to have gone to Arizona but the airport was closed because of kidnapping.他们本打算去亚利桑那州,但由于绑架,机场关闭了。

4. I intended to have called on you...(A.S.Hornby)

我本打算去拜访你……


赵振才 编著.英语常见问题解答大词典.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社.1998.第605页.
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