【问】It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill,but they arehungry creatures,not content with only three meals a day.It has been estimated that theweight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater thanthe total weight of all the human beings in the country. (New Concept English,Book 4,P.8) [原译1] 蜘蛛吃了多少昆虫,即使作最大胆的猜想也不能猜到,但是它们是饥饿的动物,并不满足于一日三餐。据估计在英国一年内被蜘蛛消灭的所有昆虫的重量比这个国家内所有人的总重量还要重。(普教) [原译2] 它们消灭的昆虫之多简直使我们无法估计,它们是吃不饱的动物,从不满足于一日三餐。据估计,在英国,蜘蛛在一年里所消灭的昆虫的重量超过这个国家人口的总重量。(《新概念英语学习参考》(四),外研社,P.4) [原译3] 蜘蛛究竟杀死多少昆虫,也只能瞎猜,但蜘蛛是吃不饱的生物,不满足于一日只吃三餐这一点是肯定的。据估计,在英国一年内被蜘蛛消灭的昆虫,其重量可能大于所有英国人的总重量。(《新概念英语》(四),朗文出版公司、世界图书出版公司,P.10) 请分析more than the wildest的含义及译法。 【答】 原译2刚说完“无法估计”,接着却说“据估计”这不是自相矛盾吗?要想真正弄清这句译文毛病之所在,必须掌握more than的几个主要用法。 A. more than+数词,表示“……以上”、“多于……”、“……有余”。例如: More than 100 chemical elements are known to man;of these,about 80 are metals.人类已知的化学元素有一百种以上,其中约有八十种是金属。 在这种用法里,more than的反义词是less than。后者一般可译作“少于……”、“不到……”、“在……以下”。例如: In a fission bomb,all the fissionable atoms are used up in less than one millionth of a sec-ond. 在原子弹中,所有裂变原子在不到百万分之一秒的时间内就会全部消耗完。 B.more than+名词(名词从句或起名词作用的动词不定式),一般可以译作“不只”、“不仅仅”、“超过”、“远不止”、“不同于”等。例如: 1. We must consider more than the beginning of the motion,however. 然而,我们必须考虑的不只是运动的初始阶段。 2. Peace is much more than the absence of war. 和平不仅仅是意味着没有战争。 3. Science is more than a mere accumulation of carefully collected facts. It is also a methodof solving problems. 科学不仅仅是细心搜集的事实的积累,它也是解决问题的方法。 4. Mathematics,much more than technology,has a life of its own independent of science. 数学与技术不同,它本身有一段不依赖科学的历史。 C. more than+动词,一般可译作“十分”、“大大地”、“远远地”、“深为”、“极大地”、“岂止是”、“不仅仅”。例如: 1. I am sure conditions over there will more than satisfy your requirements. 我相信,那边的条件会大大满足你的要求。 2. He more than smiled,he laughed outright. 他岂止是微笑,他简直是大笑了。 more than... can/could往往可以译作“不能”。其中的more than表示否定,相当于not。例如: 1. The beauty of Hangzhou is more than words can describe.(=No words can describe thebeauty of Hangzhou. ) 杭州景色之美,是语言所不能描述的。 2. That's more than I can tell you,sir. 这一点我是不能告诉您的,先生。 3. This was more than we could bear,so we decided to spend our last day exploring thecountryside. 这是我们无法忍受的,所以便决定利用最后一天的时间到农村去逛逛。 4. The average man looks upon the facts of chemistry,such as the combustion of gasolinewith oxygen in an engine to produce mechanical power,as things more wonderful than hecan understand. 一般人把象汽油和氧气在发动机里燃烧产生机械能这样一些化学事实,看成是他们不能理解的奇妙事情。 5. Seasonal extremes of heat and cold are more than most people can endure,even in thetemperate zone in which the United States is located. 四季冷热的剧烈程度大多数人都忍受不了,即使在美国所处的温带地区也是如此。 D. more than+形容词或副词,在语义上表示很高的程度,常常可译作“非常”、“十分”、“更加”、“深为”、“岂止”、“不仅仅”等。例如: 1. He is more than selfish(=very selfish). 他非常自私。 2. She was more than old-fashioned,she was antediluvian. 她不单是守旧,她简直是个老古董。 3. Man is more than adaptive——he is creative. Man goes out of his way to make condi-tions requiring new adaptations. 人类不仅具有适应性,还具有创造性。人类竭尽全力创造条件,以适应更新的情况。 4. This line does not necessarily define the centroidal axis of the member:it more than likelywill define some working axis. 这一条线并不一定能表示出构件的重心轴,它极有可能表示某一转动轴。 5. He is more than happy about it. 他对此事极为高兴(他对此事岂止高兴而已)。 6. In doing experiments you must be more than careful with the precision instruments. 在做实验时,对精密仪器必须特别小心。 7. London has a new magazine. Different publications appear all the time,but this onemore than different——it is revolutionary. 伦敦出版了一份新杂志。各种出版物层出不穷。但这份杂志却大不相同,它富于革命性。 8. I am more than happy to hear that. 听到这一点,我非常高兴。 现在我们回过头来研究一下你所提问的例句的原文及其译法。the wildest guess是指“乱猜”、“不切实际的猜想”、“漫无边际的猜想”,more than the wildest guess,根据前面的讨论可以看出,是指“超过胡乱猜想的事情”,可以引伸为“估计”、“比较准确的估计”。 [试译] 蜘蛛到底能吃掉多少昆虫?要想对此作出比较准确的估计,是不可能的,但是蜘蛛是饥饿的动物,决不满足于一日三餐。据估计…… 请做下面的英语试题: “Won’t you have more meat?” “No,thanks,I've had____enough already.”A. beyond B. more than C. greater than D. more plenty(TOEFL,74. 3)