释义 |
■ sea这个名词前面用什么介词,要不要冠词?有不同的用法。 1) 如果指笼统的海,与陆地或是与江河湖泊相对而言,sea 是个总称名词,带定冠词 the。试比较 - :The interior is resistant to salt water, allowing the skipper to drive into a lake or the sea. (The Associated Press, Feb. 14, 2008)内部是抗盐水腐蚀的材料,因此这条船可以钻进湖水或海水里行驶。
这里不能说 a sea,因为人们心目中,海洋是连成一片的,而且这里注意的是海水盐分,不在乎是地中海还是爱琴海。但是 lake 就不同。人们心目中,一个个的湖泊是界限分明的,lake 不可能作为一个总称名词,只能拿出一个单独的湖来做文章。 2) 如果把海洋看作大自然的一部分,或者汹涌澎湃,或者风平浪静。人航海时把命运交给了它,只能听天由命,通常就说 at sea。 - 200 Burmese workers are feared lost at sea.两百缅甸工人恐怕已在海上遇难。
- safety at sea海上安全
- rescue at sea海上救援
- burial at sea海葬
- adventures at sea海上冒险。
3) 如果是指“海边”而不是“海上”,可以说 at the sea。 - There was on each side a ridge of mountains that terminated at the sea.每一边都有一条山脉,伸到海边就消失。
4) 如果谈的是人在海洋中的活动,此时可以说 on the sea。 - cruising on the sea海上游览
- safety on the/at sea海上安全
- warfighting on the sea/at sea海上战斗
- They're born on the sea, live on the sea, die on the sea.他们生在海上,住在海上,死在海上。
- We have to find a new place to live if we are to survive. There are three choices: on other planets, underground, and on the sea. The last of these seems the easiest choice.我们如果要活下去,就要找到新的居住之地。有三种选择:到其他行星上去,到地下去,到海上去。其中最后一种选择似乎最为容易。
这些都是指“在海面上”而不是“在海水下”,在这个意义上,也可以指自然现象。 - ice floe on the sea海面上的浮冰。
5) 但是如果是专有的海洋名称 the Sea of...,则 on 可以或者表示“在海上”或者表示“在海边”。 - In winter, navigation on the Sea of Okhotsk becomes difficult, or even impossible, due to the formation of large ice floes.到了冬天,由于形成了大块的浮冰,鄂霍茨克海上很难航行,甚至无法航行。
- There is a city called Abashiri on the Sea of Okhotsk.鄂霍茨克海边有一个叫做网走的城镇。
- firstcentury harbors on the Sea of Galilee公元 1 世纪加利利海边的港口。
6) in the sea 通常指“在海水中”或“在水下”。 - the science of sound in the sea有关声在海水中的科学
- swim in the sea在海水中游泳
- scuba diving in the sea在海水中潜泳
- How much do you know about creatures that live in the sea?你对海水中的生物知道多少?
7) sea 还可以作为形容词,用于 sea change(猛烈的变化),源出于莎士比亚剧 Tempest 第一幕第二场。 - Yet Republicans acknowledge that any move to support expanded offshore oil drilling after years of resistance is a sea change for Democrats.(The New York Times, Sept. 12, 2008, A17)然而,共和党人承认,民主党人在多年来一直反对扩大沿岸石油开采之后,现在采取任何支持这种做法的措施,这对他们来说,都是一个翻天覆地的变化。
■ sea(s)说整个海面的波浪情况,较多保持 sea(s),再加各种定语来形容,而较少用 waves 加定语。 - ... his ship assaulted by wind and furious seas (Tom Clancy, Clear and Present Danger, p.12)…他那艘被狂风恶浪冲击的船
- Heavy seas were running.波涛汹涌。
- The sea was choppy.波浪翻滚。
- Fifteen-foot seas battered against the hull.十五英尺高的大浪拍击着船身。
- The survivors endured monstruous seas.生还者经历了险恶的风浪。
- The sea had calmed down as they approached the island.他们靠近那个岛屿时,风浪已经停息了。
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