1. （构成疑问句和否定句）a helping verb, as in
2. （代替动词）in place of another verb, as in
3. （用于加强语气）a helping verb, to strengthen or support another verb, as in

　Do you know him?　你认识他吗?
　I didn't think.　我没有想过。
　Telling lies does not pay.　撒谎不用学。
　What (did) he tell you?　他告诉了你什么事?
　(Do you) Like it?　（你）喜欢它吗?
　Why (does she) not buy one?　（她）为什么不买一个?
　Never did he break his promise.　他从不失约。
　I never did like her.　我的确从来没有喜欢过她。
　At no time did he lose his self-control.　他从来没有失去过自制力。
　Only then did he realize that he had been wrong.　这时他才知道他错了。
　"I don't like Mozart.""Nor do I."　“我不喜欢莫扎特的作品。”“我也不喜欢。”
　Does she have a bike?(AmE)〔=Has she a bike?(BrE)〕　她有自行车吗?
　Sorry, I don't have any whisky.　对不起，我没有威士忌。
　Do you have time for a drink?　你有空喝一杯吗?
　Doesn't she understand?〔=Does she not understand?〕　她不明白吗?
　I do think so.　我的确是这样想的。
　I did come.　我的确来过。
　Do not tell a lie.　莫撒谎。
　Please do be quite.　务请肃静。
　Do you wait for me.　请等我。
　Do come.　一定要来。
　Do be honest.　一定要诚实。
　Do be on time.　一定要准时。
　I knew he would help us, and he did.　我知道他会帮助我们的，他确实这样做了。
　He got there earlier than we did.　他到得比我们早。
　"Does he know I'm here?""Yes, he does."　“他知道我在这儿吗?”“他知道。”
　"Does he come every day?""He does (so)."　“他每天都来吗?”“他每天都来。”

1. vt. & vi.做，从事　 perform the actions that are necessary in order to complete sth or bring it into a desired state
2. vt.整理；使整洁　 put in order; cause to tidy; cause to clear away
3. vt.烹调，烧，煮　 cook dishes
4. vt.学习，研究　 study; learn
5. vt.算出，解答　 calculate; reckon; compute
6. vt.行过，走过，游览　 visit; have a look around
7. vt.引起，产生　 give rise to; bring about; emerge; come into being
8. vi.行，足够　 be enough or suitable

　～ one's best　尽最大努力
　～ the face　化妆
　～ the garden　修剪花卉
　～ the meat well　把肉煮好
　～ right　做对了
　～ well　做得好
　～ wrongly　做错了
　～ down　搞垮，说（某人）的坏话
　～ in　搞垮
　～ out　打扫
　～ over　重做
　～ up　包扎
　～ about　就…采取行动〔措施〕
　～ at business　经商
　～ by　待（人），以某种态度对待〔对付〕
　～ for　替…理家，替…打扫，使毁灭，帮助，对…有效，代替，适于
　～ into　把…译成
　～ to　给予，加以，伤害
　～ with　处理，忍受，和…相处，和…有关

　Vegetables do well here.　这里蔬菜长势好。
　The fruit trees are all doing well.　果树长得不错。
　You've done very well.　你做得挺不错。
　He is doing very well at school.　他在学校学习很好。
　Mother is doing well after the operation, thank you.　谢谢（你的关心），我母亲手术以后情况良好。
　How do you do?　您好！
　When in Rome do as the Romans do.　入乡随俗。
　That will do!　行了，够了。
　This small one will do.　这个小的就行了。
　It would never do to neglect official obligations.　玩忽职守是绝对不行的。
　This room will do me quite well.　这个房间对我很合适。
　Will this spanner do you?　这个扳手你用着行吗?
　The boy is going to do something really big and worth-while this summer.　这个孩子在暑假要做一件了不起的大事。
　She never did evil〔ill, wrong〕.　她从来没做坏事。
　None of us care whether they do right or wrong, good or harm.　我们中没有人关心他们做的是对还是错，是好还是坏。
　He does nothing but eat and drink.　他除了吃喝之外，什么也没做。
　You've done a good job.　你做得挺不错。
　That's the way we'll do it.　我们就这样做。
　I have to do ten copies.　我得复制十份。
　She does her lessons well.　她学习很好。
　I'm quite sure they were doing the same problem.　我敢肯定他们解决的是同一问题。
　She is doing the room.　她正在整理房间。
　Who is doing the dishes?　谁在洗盘子?
　When I went into the room I saw her doing the flowers.　我进屋时看见她正在插花。
　Go and do your hair.　去梳梳你的头发。
　Have you done your teeth?　你刷牙了吗?
　He did cook and did host.　他设宴以款待客人。
　We did the journey in six hours.　我们在六小时之内走完了这段旅程。
　I did the travel.　我旅行去了。
　John's brother has done an excellent article.　约翰的弟弟写了一篇精彩的文章。
　When do you usually do your homework?　你通常什么时间做家庭作业?
　We did the city in three days.　我们花了三天时间游览了这个城市。
　Hard work does wonders.　努力工作会取得惊人的成就。
　She did a great deed.　她做了一件大事情。
　She does her bit splendidly.　她圆满地做完了她那份工作。
　If you do your best, you will succeed.　假如你尽力做，你就会成功。
　Nevertheless, we should do our best to avoid unnecessary sacrifices.　不过，我们应当尽量减少那些不必要的牺牲。
　This evening I'll stay at home and do some reading.　今晚我要呆在家里看点书。
　I did a lot of running when I was young.　我年轻时经常跑步。
　Are you going to do your brother's washing as well?　你还要给你弟弟洗衣服吗?
　She's doing her knitting.　她正在打毛线。
　A lot of work has been done this year.　今年做了很多工作。
　Will you do me a favor?　你帮我一下忙好吗?
　Mary has done you a great kindness.　玛丽帮了你一个大忙。
　John has done a good turn to me.　约翰为我做了一件好事。
　I will do a translation to you.　我愿替你翻译。
　Can I do anything to you?　我能帮你什么忙?
　You must do your duty to your country.　你必须对你的国家尽自己的职责。

 ♣ do as　(v.+prep.)
　对…适合　be enough or suitable
　These shoes won't do as mountain climbing.　这些鞋不适宜爬山。
　He won't do as a teacher.　他不适于当老师。
 ♣ do away with　(v.+adv.+prep.)
　废除，消灭，去掉　abolish
　That city has decided to do away with overhead wires.　那个城市决定取消架在空中的电线。
　They did away with the law.　他们废除了这项法律。
　We must do away with illiteracy.　我们必须扫除文盲。
 ♣ do for　(v.+prep.)
1. 对…有效，适合 be enough or suitable
　This place would do for a workshop.　这个地方适合作车间。
　This box will do for a chair.　这个箱子可以当椅子用。
2. 照料，照应，帮助 look after; help
　Mrs. Smith has done for her by a neighbor.　史密斯夫人生病期间由一位邻居照顾她。
3. 毁掉，完蛋，累坏 destroy; exterminate
　He received a savage blow on the head, that did for him.　他头上遭到一记猛击，就完蛋了。
　The severe storm did for most of the crops.　猛烈的暴风雨毁掉了大部分庄稼。
　Once he is unemployed, he is done for.　他一旦失业就完蛋了。
 ♣ do good　(v.+n.)
　参见good条。
 ♣ do in　(v.+adv.)
1. 杀害；搞垮；损坏；累垮 kill; spoil
　They were professional killers who did in John.　杀死约翰的这些人是职业杀手。
　The tropical climate did us in.　热带气候使我们都吃不消了。
　We were completely done in after the long climb.　长时间爬山以后，我们都累垮了。
2. 欺骗 deceive
　You'd better watch out, or you'll be getting done in.　你还是当心点好，不然你会上当受骗。
3. 花光 spend out
　Now he's done his money in.　现在他把钱花光了。
 ♣ do into　(v.+prep.)
　改写；翻译　draft; translate
　Can you do this poem into prose?　你能把这首诗改写成散文吗?
　Please do this passage into Chinese.　请把这一段译成汉语。
 ♣ do out　(v.+adv.)
1. 打扫，收拾 clear away
　She did out the bathroom with lots of soap and hot water.　她用了大量肥皂和热水打扫浴室。
　The yard needs to be done out thoroughly.　院子需要彻底收拾。
2. 粉刷，油漆，装饰（房间） decorate; adorn; ornament
　Will you help me to do out the room on Sunday?　你星期天来帮我粉刷房间好吗?
　The bedroom has been beautifully done out.　卧室装饰得漂亮极了。
 ♣ do out of　(v.+adv.+prep.)
　骗走　deceive
　The shopkeeper did me out of 1000 dollar　店主骗了我一千美元。
 ♣ do over　(v.+adv.)
　重做，改做，重新布置（房间）　do again; repeat
　Please do that exercise over again.　请重做那个练习。
　The landlord is doing my apartment over.　房东正在翻修我的房子。
　The room was done over in traditional style.　这个房间是按传统风格重新布置的。
 ♣ do to　(v.+prep.)
1. 对待，处置 treat; deal with
　What harm have I ever done to you?　我哪点伤害你了?
　Look, what the thief did to the furniture!　看，小偷把家具糟蹋成什么样子了！
2. 给予，带来 give; take; bring about
　The book did credit to the writer.　这本书给作者带来了声誉。
　The frost did much damage to the crops.　霜冻使农作物受到很大的损害。
　We did the last honors to his remains.　我们向他的遗体告别。
 ♣ do up　(v.+adv.)
1. 包扎，捆bind; bundle up
　Do up these papers and send them to Head Office.　把这些文件包好，送到总公司。
　The goods are done up in bundles for shipment.　货物已打包以备装船。
2. 扣，系紧 tie up
　You've done your buttons up the wrong way.　你把扣子扣错了。
　Will you do my dress up at the back, please? 　请替我把衣服背后扣好，好吗?
3. 整修，修缮，修饰 decorate; adorn
　Mary was doing up her hat.　玛丽在修饰她的帽子。
　We shall have to do up the house next spring.　我们必须在明年春天整修房子。
4. 打扮，梳理头发 dress; comb out one's hair
　Natalie has done herself up for the party.　纳塔莉已打扮好准备赴宴。
　Mabel did her hair up before taking a shower.　梅布尔在淋浴前整理了头发。
　The waitresses are all done up in costumes.　女服务生都穿着制服。
　All the children were done up in their Sunday best.　所有的孩子都穿着节日服装。
5. 使累垮，使极疲劳；使破产；使完蛋 (make) tired; fatigued; weary
　This formal talk with the manager had done him up.　他和经理的这次正式谈话弄得他十分疲劳。
　The inflation did the corporation up.　通货膨胀使这个公司破产了。
　They were done up after the journey.　经过这次旅行他们都筋疲力尽了。
 ♣ do with　(v.+prep.)
1. 忍受，满足于 bear; endure
　If the usual team is unable to come, we shall have to do with other players.　如果经常出场的队不能来的话，我们只好找其他队员上场。
　If we can't afford beef, we have to do with pork.　如果我们买不起牛肉，猪肉也行。
　He couldn't do with waiting any longer, so he left.　他等不下去，所以走了。
　You must do with what you've got.　你必须（对已有的条件）感到满足。
2. 处置，对待，对付（某人） treat; deal with
　Everyone does well with him.　每个人对他很好。
　What shall we do with the drunken sailor?　我们怎么处置这个喝醉的水手?
　What shall we do with the left-over? 　这些剩菜怎么处理?
　What did you do with yourself during the summer holidays?　暑假你是怎样度过的?
　I don't know what to do with it.　我不知道这件事该怎么处理。
　The boys didn't know what to do with themselves after school ended.　男孩们不知道放学后该做些什么。
3. 需要，想要，有理由占有（某物） need; possess sth to have reason
　I could do with a bath.　我想洗个澡。
　This car could do with a good polish.　这部车需要好好擦一擦。
4. 与…有关 be mutually related with
　I am not involved in it; it has nothing to do with me.　我与这事没有牵连；它与我无关。
　I'm interested in anything to do with music.　凡与音乐有关的事我都感兴趣。
5. 控制（自己） control (oneself)
　〔说明〕do with不用于被动结构，也不用于进行体。
　The children didn't know what to do with themselves as Christmas drew near.　圣诞节即将到来，孩子们坐立不安了。
6. 读完 read finishedly
　Tom keeps asking me for an opinion on his book so I'd better read it and have done with it.　汤姆一再就他那本书征求我的意见，所以我最好把它读完。
7. 与…相处 treat; deal with
　It is difficult to do with her.　和她相处不易。
　Don't you find him difficult to do with?　你没有发现他难以相处吗?
 ♣ do without　(v.+prep.)
　没有…也行，将就，用不着　be enough or suitable; not need
　I can do without your advice.　我不需要你的忠告。
　We shall do without a holiday this summer.　今年夏天我们不能有假日了。
　No one can do without sleep for very long.　谁也不能很久不睡觉。
　We can certainly do without John poking his nose in every five minutes.　我们当然不需要约翰每隔五分钟就来干扰我们一下。
　Mother says she could do without the children making so much noise.　母亲说她受不了孩子们的大声吵闹。

 ♣ do, accomplish, perform
　参见perform条。
 ♣ do, make, manufacture, produce
　参见make条。
 ♣ do with, deal with, have done with
　这组短语都有“处理”的意思。前两个短语的区别在于前者中的do是及物动词，有宾语；后者中的deal是不及物动词，其后不能接宾语；而have done with的意思是“不再做某事”“和…不往来”“把…做完”。
 ♣ do away with, abolish, cancel, omit, repeal
　参见abolish条。

　［同义词］ act, fix, solve, visit, work
　［词源］古英语don（做）