| 词组 | abide |
| 释义 | abide 1. The original principal parts of abide are abode, past, and abidden, past participle. The OED notes that in time the past and past participle coalesced in abode, and abidden fell into disuse, although a few 19th-century writers tried to revive it. During the 19th century a regular past and past participle abided came into use. It is more likely to be used now than abode is. Abode, while not very much used by modern writers, is kept alive by its use in such familiar literary works as "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," and in works referring to an earlier era, as Samuel Hopkins Adams's Grandfather Stories (1955). 2. Except for can't abide and abide by, which are in continuing vigorous use, most senses of abide have a rather literary or old-fashioned flavor. They do, however, continue in reputable, if somewhat infrequent, use. 3. Evans 1957 comments that can't abide is "commonly disparaged." One source of the disparagement is Partridge 1942, who calls the expression "a low-class colloquialism"—he does allow that in American use it might be "homely or half-humorous," an opinion he may have derived from Krapp 1927, who commented on the expression's "somewhat archaic and rustic character." Evans defends can't abide as having force and flavor. Indeed it is hard to see what the objection was. The expression goes back to the 16th century; Shakespeare uses it several times in his plays: • She could not abide Master Shallow —2 Henry IV, 1598 It is true that Shakespeare puts it into the mouths of commoners—those who speak prose rather than blank verse. Modern evidence, however, shows that the usage is perfectly proper: • ... which may have been intended to prove how open-minded and aesthetically susceptible Canaday is even to work he cannot abide —Harold Rosen-burg, New Yorker, 1 Jan. 1972 This sense of abide is usually used in a negative construction or in one with negative implications: • My inability when I was young to abide most males of my own age disguised loneliness that no amount of variety assuaged —Donald Hall, N. Y. Times Book Rev., 16 Jan. 1983 |
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