| 词组 | infringe |
| 释义 | infringe A few people may still believe that there is something wrong with using infringe as an intransitive verb followed by on or upon, as in "to infringe on the rights of others." Whatever doubts persist are directly attributable to Fowler 1926, who discussed the subject at some length and ended with a recommendation to use infringe only as a transitive verb ("infringe the rights of others") and "to abstain altogether from i[nfringe] upon as an erroneous phrase." Fowler was aware that the OED treated the intransitive infringe as standard and included evidence for it dating back to 1762, but he mistakenly regarded its common use as a recent development, and he found several reasons for disparaging it. Fowler's criticism has not, in this case, been widely taken up by other usage commentators. The intransitive infringe is both common and respectable, as it was during Fowler's time, and as it was long before Fowler's time. The very first dictionary ever published by this company (Webster 1847) included at the entry for infringe this note: "This word is very frequently followed by on or upon; as, to infringe upon one's rights." That observation still holds true today: • ... did not ... infringe upon the interests of other groups —Frances Fox Piven, Columbia Forum, Summer 1970 • ... tried to infringe on their power —Pete Axthelm, New York, 1 Nov. 1971 • ... might infringe on that talismanic privacy — Francine Du Plessix Gray, N. Y. Times Book Rev., 15 July 1979 The transitive infringe is also alive and well. It occurs most often in writing relating to the law: • ... many modern statutes have infringed it —David M. Walker, The Scottish Legal System, 3d ed., 1969 • ... is not free to infringe the patent —John D. Upham, Chemical & Engineering News, 9 Feb. 1987 |
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