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词组 Against
释义
Against     

1

逆着;相反;反对：
We have not heard a single word against your plan among staff members.
在职工当中我们没有听到一句反对你的计划的话。
They are doomed to failure，for fortune is against them.
命运对他们不利，他们注定要失败。
A small boat sailed against the torrential current on the large river.
在大河中有一条小船逆着汹涌的水流行驶。
Things go against the grain of us，we have to give up.
事情违反我们的意愿，我们只好放弃。
Colonial people declaimed against the oppression of the colonialists.
殖民地人民谴责殖民主义者的压迫。
A brave young man swam against the stream to save the child.
一位勇敢的青年逆流而上去救那小孩。
Some representatives were against the proposal at the meeting.
在会议上，一些代表反对该提议。
2
防御;防备;提防：
Passengers in a crowded bus were warned against theft.
公共汽车中拥挤的乘客们被提醒提防盗窃。
Chemical plants should take every precaution against fire.
化工厂要做好防火的一切预防工作。
They asked the watch of the warehouse to keep himself on alert against theft and other accidents.
他们要求仓库的守夜人保持警惕，提防盗窃和其他意外。
Each time we go out in the rainy season，we take an umbrella with us against rain.
在雨季中，我们每次外出都带着伞以提防下雨。
3
冲突;对着……打去：
Hailstones beat against windowpanes violently and broke some of them.
冰雹猛烈地敲击着窗玻璃，打碎了几块。
A car dashed against the bank and fell into the river.
一辆汽车猛撞河堤，掉入河中。
Turbulent waves broke against the rock along the seashore and sent up a fountain of spray.
巨浪在海岸边的岩石上撞碎，激起高高的浪花。
A large ship struck against a rock and sank soon afterwards.
一艘大轮船与礁石碰撞，不久就沉没了。
That ambitious youth struggled against every difficulty on his way to success.
那个志向远大的青年，在成功的道路上迎斗每一个困难。
4
以……为背景;衬托;对照：
The setting sun glows against the evening sky.
落日映红晚间的天空。
Bright patterns contrast sharply against the dark background.
浅色的图案与深色的背景形成强烈的对照。
Lightning flashes brightly against the dark sky and soon a downpour comes down in sheets.
闪电在黑暗的天空中光亮地闪耀，不久就大雨如注了。
This bill was adopted by a majority of fifty against thirty.
这个议案以50票对30票的多数通过。
There are one hundred persons present at the meeting against ninety last week.
会议出席人数是100人，上星期出席人数是90人。
5
靠;倚：
One of the travellers was tired，he leant against a large tree for a rest.
一个旅游者累了，他倚在一棵大树上休息。
She stood her umbrella against the door.
她把伞靠立在门旁。
That little child sat on a bench with his back against his mother’s bosom.
那小孩坐在板凳上，后背靠在他妈妈的胸前。
A new cupboard stands against the wall.
一个新碗橱靠墙而立。
He put a ladder firmly against the wall and climbed up.
他把梯子靠稳在墙上，爬了上去。
6
(与over连用)在……对面;对比;与……相反：
My window is just over against a large willow-tree.
我的窗户正面对着一棵大柳树。
There stands a little hill over against the park.
面对公园立着一座小山。(公园对面有一座小山。)
He lived over against a theatre，its noise annoyed him everyday till midnight.
他家面对一个剧院，它的吵闹声每天都烦扰他直到半夜。
The student got eighty marks in algebra over against seventy in geometry.
那学生代数得80分，与之对比，几何得70分。
Over against the temple is an old tower which has stood for ages.
该庙对面立着一座年代久远的古塔。
act against 违反;违犯;做于……不利之事：
A driver has been heavily fined，for he acts against the traffic regulations and causes a road accident.
一个司机被重罚，因为他违反交通规则造成交通事故。
admonish sb against 劝告;警告;训诫：
The teacher has admonished his students against smoking，it is harmful to their health and also goes against the school rule.
该教师已经训诫他的学生们不许吸烟，因为吸烟有害于他们健康，并且违犯学校的校规。
advise sb against 劝告某人不要做：
They have advised their friend against drinking，to their delight，the friend has decided to give it up.
他们已经劝告他们的朋友不要饮酒，使他们高兴的是，这位朋友已经决定戒酒了。
against accident 以防意外;以防意外事故：
Our director urged us that，while carrying on dangerous work，care should be taken against accident.
我们厂长叮嘱我们，当进行危险性工作时，必须小心以防意外。
against a rainy day 未雨绸缪地;以备不时之需：
That housewife is industrious and thrifty in managing her household，she has saved some money against a rainy day.
那位主妇勤俭持家，她已经存了一些钱以备不时之需。
against heavy odds 1
以寡敌众：
This is a curious boxing-match，an old boxer challenges three young boxers and boxes with them against heavy odds，it is strange to say that the old boxer wins the match.
这是一场奇特的拳击比赛，一个老年拳手向三个年轻的拳手挑战并以寡敌众地一个人与他们三个人比拳;说来奇怪，那位老年拳手赢得了这场比赛。
2
在极不利的情况下：
A small factory competes with a large factory against heavy odds，for the large factory is by far superior both in equipment and in technology.
一个小工厂在极端不利的情况下跟一个大工厂竞争，因为这家大工厂在设备上和工艺上都远比小厂优越。
against nature 违反自然的(地);奇迹般地：
No one would believe that such a huge engineering could be completed in such a short time，but we managed to do it against nature.
没有人相信这样巨大的工程能在如此短的时间内完成，但是我们奇迹般地做到了。
(do sth)against one’s better judgement 知其不可为而为之：
We remove to a new place against our better judgement.
我们原来不想搬，但是后来我们还是搬到一个新地方去了。
against one’s will 违背意愿地：
With his teacher’s urge，John had to stop playing and do homework against his will.
在老师的督促下，约翰违背自己意愿地停止了游戏去做作业。
against the collar 千辛万苦地;下死力地(干活)：
Loaders dragged large containers out of a warehouse against the collar.
装卸工们下死力地把大集装箱拉出仓库。
against the hair 违背本意地;不合本性地：
When little Tom was playing with his toy interestingly，his mother told him to look after his little sister，he had to do this against the hair.
正当小汤姆很有兴致地玩玩具时，母亲叫他去照看他的小妹妹，他只好违背自己意愿地去做。
against the/one’s principle 违背原则;违背道德规范：
One should not do anything against his principle or else he will be censured by his own conscience.
一个人不应当做违背自己道德规范的事情，否则他就会受到自己良知的谴责。
against the/one’s reason 违背理智;违背理性：
If a man acts himself against the reason.
there will be no difference between him and an ordinary animal.
如果一个人做事违背理性，他就跟一个动物没有什么区别。
against the stream 反对;逆潮流：
An enterprise will develop if it is managed conforming with the stream，it cannot develop if it goes against the stream.
一个企业如果顺应潮流经营，它就会发展;如果逆潮流经营，它就得不到发展。
against the sun 朝着反时针方向;由左向右地：
It is said that moving bodies on Venus and Mars all turn against the sun，this is an astronomical phenomenon.
据说金星和火星上的运动体都是朝着反时针方向旋转，这是一个天文现象。
against the time 事先预防;作准备：
Parents of every family should keep a medicine kit in their house against the time of sickness.
每个家庭作父母的都应该在家中设置一个药品箱为家人生病时用。
(do sth)against time 争分夺秒地;尽快地(做某事)：
Our manager has promised to give us a prize after we finish our work，so everyone of us do our work against time.
我们经理已经许诺，完成工作以后给我们奖励，所以我们每个人都尽快地做我们的工作。
argue against 成为……的反证;争辩反对：
As their demand is entirely justified，no one can argue against them.
由于他们的要求完全是正当的，所以没有人能够争辩反对他们。
bang(oneself)against 砰地碰上;撞在……之上：
When I entered that dark room and groped for the switch，my head banged against the wall.
当我进入那间黑暗的屋子摸索着去找电灯开关时，我的头砰地碰在墙上。
bang/run one’s head against a wall做不可能办到的事;自找钉子碰：
The businessman tried to borrow money from a miser，he was banging his head against a wall.
那商人试图找吝啬人借钱，他是自找钉子碰。
be against the grain 违反意愿;与自己性情格格不入：
It is obviously against the grain of that mischievous boy to be always kept at home.
总把那个淘气男孩圈在家里，显然是不合乎那孩子的意愿。
bear sth against 对某人怀有(恶意、怨恨等)：
One should never bear ill will against others，he should bear good will towards everyone.
人不应该对别人怀有恶意，应当对每个人怀有善意。
bear false witness against 作伪证反对(某人)：
If a person bears false witness against innocent people，he is utterly devoid of conscience.
如果一个人作伪证冤枉无辜的人，他就丧尽天良。
be biased against 对……怀有偏见：
An honest man always deals with things fairly，he is never biased against anyone.
一个正直的人处理事物总是公正的，他绝不对任何人怀有偏见。
be divided against itself (团体等)发生内讧：
That company is divided against itself，its stockholders quarrel bitterly for sharing profit.
那家公司发生内讧，它的股东们为了分配利润而激烈争吵。
be proof against flattery 不为阿谀所动：
To our admiration，our general manager is proof against flattery though he is high in rank.
使我们钦佩的是，我们的总经理虽然身居高位，但是他不为阿谀所动。
bet against 就(某事不发生)打赌：
We bet a dinner with them against Mary’s coming.
(We shall lose the bet if she comes)我们就玛丽不会来跟他们打赌请吃饭(如果玛丽来我们就输)。
bid against (在拍卖场)与……竞争出价;抬价竞买：
A rich man bid against an artist for an ancient picture，the rich man got it at last because he could afford to offer a higher price.
一个富人与一个画家为一张古画竞争出价，古画最后被那富人买去，因为他出得起高价。
bring an accusation/action against提起诉讼控告(某人)：
Some neighbours bring an accusation against him，for his pet dog barks too much at night，others’ sleep is disturbed.
一些邻人对他提起诉讼，因为他的爱犬夜间乱叫，扰乱别人的睡眠。
caution sb against 警告某人不要(做某事)：
The company has cautioned its employees against coming late，leaving earlier and absence without leave.
该公司已经警告它的雇员们不要迟到、早退和旷工。
come up against 遭遇(困难、反对等)：
That scientist has come up against innumerable difficulties but difficulty cannot hinder him from success in his study.
那位科学家已经遭遇到无数困难，但是困难不能阻挡他在研究工作上取得成功。
come up against a blank wall 碰壁(未能觅得支持等)：
They often come up against a blank wall when they seek for financial support for their enterprise.
为他们的企业寻求财政支援时，他们时常碰壁。
commit/make an offence against违反;破坏(风俗、规章等)：
Young people should take care not to commit an offence against traditional customs.
青年人们应当注意不要违犯传统的风俗。
count sth against 1
(某件事物)不利于某人：
The man’s impoliteness counts against him，he has offended many people for his impolite behaviour.
那人不讲礼貌，这对他不利;他由于行为不礼貌已经得罪了许多人。
2
因(某件事物而)低估某人：
He has ever made some mistakes，but please do not count that against him.
他曾经犯过一些错误，但请不要因此而低估了他。
cry against 大声疾呼反对：
We cry against those irrational rules and regulations，which hinder us to develop production.
我们大声疾呼反对那些不合理的规章制度，它们阻碍我们发展生产。
dead against 全然反对;直接针对：
People are dead against outmoded conventions and bad customs.
人们全然反对陈规陋习。
draw one’s pen against 动笔攻击;写文章攻击：
He is an honest writer and he often draws his pen against evil things.
他是个正直的作家，时常动笔攻击邪恶的事情。
draw one’s quill against 动笔攻击;写文章攻击：
Before a writer draws his quill against something，he should make sure that this thing is really incorrect.
在一位作家动笔攻击某件事物以前，他必须弄清这件事物确实是不正确的。
ensure sb against 使安全;使避免(某项危险)：
When patients are in hospital，doctors should ensure them against any acute danger.
当病人们在医院住院治疗时，医生们应能使他们不发生任何紧急危险。
entertain a feeling against 怀恨(某人)：
I entertain a feeling against him because he once criticized me without sparing my sensibilities.
我怀恨他，因为有一次他批评我时，一点也不讲情面。
feel an antipathy against 对……反感;憎恶：
He feels an antipathy against those who only make idle talk without doing anything.
他对只说不做的人们有反感。
go against 1
反对：
Most representatives went against his proposal，saying that it was not comprehensive and meticulous.
大多数代表反对他的提议，说他的提议不全面不细致。
2
对……不利：
What is unexpected to most of us is that the match goes against a stronger team.
出乎我们大多数人意料之外，那场比赛强队输了。
3
违反：
It goes against their expectation that no one wants to buy their product.
与他们所期望的相反，没有人想买他们的产品。
go against the grain 违反意愿;与某人的性情格格不入：
Jack’s present job goes against his grain，he wants to change it for a new one.
杰克现在的工作不合他的意愿，他想换个新工作。
go against the tide 逆潮流行事;逆水行舟：
We know that he will fail in his work because he goes against the tide.
我们知道他的工作将要失败，因为他逆潮流行事。
go/row/swim against the stream逆潮流行事;逆水行舟：
If we row against the stream，we will never achieve our goal.
如果我们逆潮流行事，我们将永远达不到目的。
harbour enmity against 仇恨;仇视：
A narrow-minded man often harbours enmity against those who have ever opposed him while a broad-minded man never does like that.
一个心胸狭窄的人时常仇恨曾经反对过他的人，而心地宽宏的人绝不这样做。
have a bias against 对……怀有偏见：
Our manager is a nervous man，he has a bias against everyone who holds a different opinion from his.
我们经理是个神经质的人，他对跟他意见不一致的人都怀有偏见。
have a grudge against 怀恨;怨恨：
Julia has a grudge against Harvey，for he has ever criticized her before many guests and made her losing face.
朱丽娅怀恨哈维，因为哈维曾经当着许多客人的面批评她，使她丢面子。
have an antipathy against 对……反感;憎恶：
Honest people all have an antipathy against flattery，they consider it a mean and shameful action.
正直人们对于阿谀奉承有反感，他们认为那是一种卑贱可耻的行为。
have animosity against 仇视;仇恨：
We all have animosity against evil because evil does harm to society.
我们都仇视邪恶，因为邪恶危害社会。
have a spite against 怀恨;怨恨：
A naughty child told his mother that he had a spite against his teacher who had ever punished him，his mother corrected his wrong thought at once and told him that the teacher’s punishment was a kind of education to him.
一个顽皮孩子告诉他的母亲，他怨恨惩罚过他的那个老师;他母亲立刻纠正他的错误思想，并且告诉他，老师的惩罚对他是一种教育。
have enmity against 仇恨;仇视：
Evil persons have enmity against good and honest people just as good and honest people do to them.
邪恶的人仇恨善良的人们，正像善良的人们仇恨他们一样。
have no quarrel against没有理由抱怨(某人)：
He criticizes us for our good，we have no quarrel against him.
他批评我们是为了我们好，我们没有理由抱怨他。
have two strikes against one 〈口语〉处于绝对不利地位：
Our basketball team has two strikes against one because we are inferior to the opposite team both in skill and in sportsmanship.
我们篮球队处于绝对不利地位，因为我们在球艺和竞技精神上都不如对方队。
hope against hope 抱一线希望：
The patient told his doctor that he hoped against hope the specific remedy might cure his illness.
那病人告诉他的医生说，他抱一线希望，那个特效药可以治愈他的病。
inform against/on 告发;告密：
Sometimes a bad person might inform against his collude.
有时，一个坏人可能对他的同伙进行告密。
kick against 反抗;竭力反对：
Nancy kicked against the arranged marriage her parents forced upon her，she wanted to marry a youth she had chosen for herself.
南希反对父母包办的婚姻，想跟自己所选择的青年结婚。
kick against the pricks 以卵击石;螳臂当车：
At present，the rapid development of science and technique is the world trends，any attempt to hinder it is to kick against the pricks.
当前，科学技术的迅猛发展是世界潮流，任何想阻挡它的尝试都是螳臂当车。
lift one’s hand against 威胁;伤害;反对;打：
It is not allowed to lift one’s hand against others，those who commit this should be punished.
威胁他人是不准许的，有这种行为的人要受到惩处。
load the dice against 对(某人)使用灌铅骰子;用不正当方法欺骗别人：
Some bad persons load the dice against others，we should use caution about this.
有些不良的人用不正当方法欺骗别人，对此我们要小心。
magnify oneself against 用抬高自己贬低对方的方法反对(某人)：
They had no justified reason in their argument，they could only magnify themselves against their opposite side.
他们的论据中没有正当理由，他们只能以抬高自己贬低别人的方法来反对对方。
make a charge against 责备;控告：
Neighbours made a charge against him because his dog barked too much at night.
邻居们控告他，因为他的狗在夜间叫得太吵了。
make against 1
与……相违反：
It makes against our traditional morals for children not to pay filial duty to their parents.
子女不孝顺父母是与我们的传统道德相违反的。
2
不利于;有害于：
Drinking and smoking make against our health，we should give them up resolutely.
喝酒吸烟有害于我们的健康，他们应当坚决戒除它们。
make a pitch against可与……相比：
Our product makes a pitch against imported goods both in quality and in appearance.
我们的产品无论在质量上还是在外观上都可以跟进口商品相比美。
make a stand against 抵抗;反抗;与……奋斗：
It is a cause of righteousness for colonial people to make a stand against the oppression of colonialist countries.
殖民地人民反抗殖民主义国家的压迫是正义的事业。
make head against 迎头痛击：
When some decadent music begins to spread among young people，teachers and parents should make head against it.
当一些颓废的音乐开始在青年当中蔓延的时候，老师和家长们应当给予迎头痛击。
make preparations against 为提防……作准备：
Factories should make preparations against all kinds of accidents at ordinary times.
工厂平时应当为提防各种事故作好准备。
measure oneself against 同……较量：
This football team is ready to measure itself against any team for championship.
这个足球队已经准备好跟任何队进行较量，争夺冠军。
murmur against 对……发牢骚;对……低声抱怨：
That old lady often murmured against her children not paying filial duty to her.
那位老太太时常对她的孩子们对她不孝顺发牢骚。
offend against 违反;违犯：
It surely offends against social morality to discard rubbish at all places.
到处乱倒垃圾肯定是违犯公共道德的。
pit sth against 使某物与……相斗：
The young man pits his courage and willpower against the difficulties he encounters on his way forward and overcomes them one by one.
那青年用他的勇气和毅力与他在前进路上所遭遇的困难相斗，把这些困难逐一地克服。
play both ends against the middle为了得利而脚踏两只船;使敌对双方争斗而从中渔利：
It is an abject deed to stir up discord among others and play both ends against the middle.
在人们中间挑起争端，使双方相争而从中渔利的作法是一种卑鄙的行为。
play sb off against 挑拨离间;使双方相斗而从中渔利：
We condemn the act of playing somebody off against another，it is immoral.
我们谴责挑拨离间的行为，这种行为是不道德的。
poison sb’s mind against 使某人对……发生恶感：
Constant misunderstandings have poisoned his mind against his friend.
经常发生误解已经使他对他的朋友产生恶感。
proceed against (向法庭)控告;起诉：
Neighbours proceeded against that man，who often made too much noise at night and disturbed their quiet life.
邻居们控告那个人，他时常在夜间发出许多巨声，破坏了他们的平静生活。
protest against 抗议;声明反对：
Tenants of an apartment house protest against their landlord，for he raises the rent unreasonably.
一家公寓的住户们向他们的房东抗议，因为他无理地提高房租。
provide against 预防：
That virtuous housewife saved some money in her everyday household life to provide against a rainy day.
那位贤惠的家庭主妇从每日家务生活中存一些钱以备不时之需。
rail against 责骂;抱怨：
It is no use that man’s railing against his ill luck，he should find some way to change it.
那个人抱怨他自己的坏命运是没有用的，他应该设法改变它。
raise one’s hand against 威胁;反对;伤害：
To raise one’s hand against others is illegal.
Those who act like this should be punished.
威胁他人是违法的。
有这种行为的人应当受到惩处。
raise one’s voice against 为抗议(某事)而大声呼喊：
A woman raised her voice against her husband’s disobedience，he often spent money without asking for her consent beforehand.
一位妇女大声呼喊抗议她的丈夫不服从她，她的丈夫时常事先不征求她的许可就擅自花钱。
raise the heel against 凌辱(某人)：
It is an abominable act to raise the heel against the small and weak.
凌辱弱者是可憎恶的行为。
rest against 1
(使)靠在：
I rested a ladder against the wall and ascended its steps carefully.
我把一个梯子靠在墙上，小心地一梯一梯地登上去。
2
(使)支持在：
This small tent was very low and it was rested against a pole.
这个小帐篷很矮，由一根柱子支撑着。
revolt against 厌恨;憎恶：
All righteous people revolt against those evil persons because they are harmful to society.
所有正直的人都憎恨那些恶人，因为他们为害社会。
row against the flood 逆水行舟;在逆境中工作：
A brave man is not afraid to row against the flood，he takes it a chance to build up his willpower.
勇敢的人不怕逆水行舟，他把它当做锻炼意志的机会。
row against the wind 顶风驰船;在困难的情况下工作：
A coward is afraid of rowing against the wind，for he thinks it may endanger his life.
一个懦弱的人害怕顶风驰船，因为他认为那可能危及他的生命。
run against 撞上;违反;偶然遇见;和某人赛跑：
Adam ran against his little brother and little sister，he thought himself something when he won the race.
亚当跟他的小弟弟小妹妹赛跑，当他赢得这场比赛以后，自以为很了不起。
sail against the wind 顶风航行;在困难的情况下工作：
Passengers will get to their destination two days later if their ship sails against the wind.
如果轮船顶风航行，乘客们将晚两天到达他们的目的地。
set against 1
使平衡;使抵补：
Our manager has set the gain of our company this year against the loss last year.
我们经理已经使我们公司今年的赢利与去年的亏损相抵补。
2
使竞争;使对抗：
Henry often clings obstinately to his own course，this has set him against his friends.
亨利时常一意孤行，这已使得他跟他的朋友们处于对抗状况。
set one’s back against the wall 负隅顽抗;以寡敌众：
A wolf was driven into a corner by several hounds，it set its back against the wall.
一只狼被几条猎犬逼到一个角落，负隅顽抗。
set one’s face against 1
坚决反对(某事物)：
An old man set his face against drinking and smoking，which prevailed among some young people.
一位老人坚决反对饮酒和吸烟，这些嗜好在一些年轻人们中间流行。
2
坚决反对(某人)：
Edward set his face against us，for he thought our proposal less practical than his.
爱德华坚决反对我们，因为他认为我们的提议不如他的提议实用。
set one thing against another 使某事物与另一事物相抵补、平衡或牵制：
In the 18th century Great Britain set Spain against Portugal to build up her own hegemony over the sea.
在18世纪时，为了建立自己在海上的霸权，英国使西班牙和葡萄牙互相牵制。
stand against 坚决反对;抵抗;反抗：
Righteous people stand against wickedness and treachery，they stand for perfect impartiality and unselfishness.
正直的人们反对邪恶和奸诈，他们拥护大公无私。
start against 参加对某人的比赛或竞争;与某人对抗：
Our team has started against other brotherly teams with superb skill and high sportsmanship.
我们队已经以高超的球技和高昂的竞技精神参加对其他兄弟球队的比赛。
strike a blow against 抵抗;抗击：
On his way to success the ambitious young man strikes a blow against various difficulties and obstacles and overcomes them one by one.
在通往成功的道路上，那位志向远大的青年抗击各种艰难险阻，把它们逐个地克服掉。
take against 反对;不喜欢：
Most old people like tranquil circumstances，they take against clamour and uproaring.
大多数老年人喜欢安静的环境，他们不喜欢吵闹喧哗。
take a pique against 生(某人)的气;对(某人)怀恨在心：
That vain person takes a pique against his colleagues，they once criticized him in public and made him losing face.
那个有虚荣心的人生他同事们的气，这些同事们曾经当众批评过他，使他丢脸。
take caution against 防备;提防：
Every factory should take caution against fire，for fire can cause great damage to them.
每个工厂都应当提防火灾，因为火灾会给他们造成巨大损失。
take issue against 反对：
Most representatives take issue against this proposal for its imperfection，so it is not adopted at the meeting.
大多数代表反对这个提议，认为它不完善，所以这个提议在会议上没有被采纳。
take precaution against 防备;提防：
Much has been done in our factory to take precaution against fire，including propaganda and fire prevention equipment.
我们工厂已经做了很多工作来预防火灾，包括防火宣传和防火设备。
talk against time 1
在规定的时间内尽快讲完：
Each speaker was allowed only ten minutes to give his talk，so they had to talk against time.
每位发言人只给10分钟的发言时间，所以他们必须尽快在规定的时间内讲完。
2
用谈话来消磨时间：
We have nothing to do on Sunday afternoons，so we sit together comfortably and talk against time.
我们每星期日下午无事可做，所以就舒舒服服坐在一起，用谈话来消磨时间。
turn (sb) against (使)敌对;采取敌对态度：
Owing to the provocation of Great Britain，India began to turn against Pakistan after their independence.
由于英帝国的挑拨，在它们独立以后，印度开始对巴基斯坦采取敌对态度。
turn/raise the laugh against 使(某人)成为取笑对象;使(某人)处于可笑地位：
His fierce wife often scolded him in public，this raised the laugh against him.
他的凶恶的妻子时常当众责骂他，这使他成为取笑的对象。
weigh sth against 权衡;斟酌哪个更重要：
He was an overcautious person，he always weighed this against that even while doing trifle things.
他是个谨小慎微的人，甚至在做微不足道的小事时，他也总是对比这个，权衡那个。
work against time/the clock 抢时间工作; 与时间赛跑：
Railway builders worked against time to complete this railway line ahead of schedule.
筑路工人们加速工作以便提前把这条铁路建好。


李士钧 编著.
英语介词用法词典.
天津：
天津科学技术出版社.
2003
第30-40页.
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英语用法大全包含115条英语用法指南，基本涵盖了全部常用英文词汇及语法点的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。

　

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