请输入您要查询的英文词组：

　

词组 On
释义
On     

1

(指位置)盖于、靠于、附于、支承于……之上;在……上面：
Pupils found a wallet on the road，they picked it up and turned it in.
学生们在马路上发现一个钱夹，他们把它拾起交给老师。
After washing her handkerchief，Mary hung it on a rope.
洗完手帕以后，玛丽把它挂在绳上。
Mother stuck some beautiful pictures on the wall for her children to look at.
母亲在墙上贴一些美丽的图画叫她的孩子们观看。
After flying a long way，the little bird alights on a branch to have a rest.
飞了很远的路以后，小鸟落在枝头上休息。
This problem will be discussed on the next page.
这个问题将在下页讨论。
A little boat floats on the turbulent current with no one in it.
一只小船在激流上漂浮，里面空无一人。
2
(指动作的方向)向：
Mother smiled on her child as a praise to his good deed.
母亲对她的孩子微笑，作为对他良好行为的夸奖。
When Peter talked to his girl friend，she turned her back on him to show her grievance to him.
当彼得对他的女友说话时，她转过身不理他，表示对他的不满。
Father frowned on his child，for the child did not study but always got into mischief.
父亲向他的小孩皱眉头，因为那孩子不学习，总是爱胡闹。
Servants waited on their master carefully so as to please him and get some reward.
仆人们仔细地伺候他们的主人，以便讨他的欢心和得些奖赏。
Ladies took it as a glory to attend on the queen when she was out.
当王后出门时，女士们都来伺候她，她们把这看成是一件光荣的事。
Harry was so angry that he threw the cup on the ground and sprang up to fight.
哈里如此发怒，他把茶杯掷到地上，跳起来打斗。
3
(指关系、从事等)关于;与……有关;从事于：
Galileo put forward his theory on the solar system when he was young.
伽利略年轻时提出了他的关于太阳系的理论。
Our philosopher’s latest work is on human nature.
我们哲学家的最新著作，是一本论述人性的书籍。
People congratulate the scientist on his success，for he has made an important invention.
人们祝贺那位科学家的成功，因为他做了一项重要的发明。
Our manager arranged his business before he went on a trip.
出去旅行以前，我们经理把业务作了安排。
Engineers are dwelling on technical problems at the meeting.
工程师们在会议上详细讨论技术问题。
Uncle Carl is keen on skating in spite of his old age.
卡尔大叔虽然年纪很老但是仍然喜欢滑冰。
He had gone on an errand and still not returned.
他出差去了，尚未回来。
4
接近;靠近;沿着：
They live at a small fishing village on the coast.
他们住在海边的一个小渔村。
Every year the graduates would plant trees on both sides of the campus as a memento to their Alma Mater.
每年毕业生们都在校园两旁种树，作为对他们母校的纪念。
Businessmen often go to the villages on the mountain side to purchase mountain products.
商人们时常到山边的村庄去收购山货。
There is a vacant seat on my righthand side，please take it if you please.
我右边有一个空座，请坐在那里。
5
(指基础、原因、理由)根据;基于;由于：
A neighbour of mine was summoned for interrogation on a charge of theft.
我的一个邻居被控偷盗而受到传讯。
Our manager has retired on a liberal pension，enough for him to live comfortably.
由于有足以舒适地生活这一优厚的退休金，我们的经理就退休了。
My old uncle lived on the interest of his bank savings.
我年老的叔父依靠他在银行存款的利息生活。
They have had information about the latest development of things on good authority.
他们已经从可靠方面获得关于事态最新发展的信息。
You should act on your lawyer’s advice so as to win the lawsuit.
你应当按照你的律师的建议行事，以便打赢这场官司。
We would buy all the goods on condition that the seller reduces his price.
如果卖方降低价格，我们就把货品全都买下。
6
(指时间)在……之时：
On New Year’s Day，Children all wear new clothes and set out firecrackers.
元旦那天，孩子们都穿新衣放花炮。
On the occasion of departure，we asked our friend to take good care of his health.
离别之际，我们请我们的朋友好好保重身体。
Henry changed his mind on the point of beginning his work.
亨利在开始他的工作时改变了主意。
There will be a football match between two famous teams on Saturday Afternoon.
星期六下午有一场两支著名球队的足球赛。
7
表示态度、状况：
That virtuous housewife has some money on deposit for a rainy day.
那贤惠的主妇存了一些钱以备不时之需。
It is on the carpet to construct a large bridge for both the railway and pedestrians across the river.
在这条河上修建一个通火车和行人的大桥正在研究中。
Owing to improper management and administration，the bank is on the brink of financial ruin.
由于不适当的经营管理，该银行处于破产边缘。
In order to show their loyalty，the court officials were on all fours before their king.
为了显示他们的忠诚，朝臣们在国王面前俯伏在地。
8
表示费用、征税：
As a condition，the bank will charge some interest on the loan.
作为贷款的一个条件，该银行将对贷款索取一定利息。
The parliament has agreed to put an extra tax on tobacco and wine.
国会已经同意征收烟酒特别税。
Some countries put a tax on personal income to decrease the income difference among people.
一些国家对个人征收所得税以减少人们在收入上的差别。
In the nineteenth century，some colonialist countries levied a poll tax on the colonial people.
19世纪，一些殖民主义国家向殖民地人民征收人头税。
9
表示累加、添加：
blow on blow 一次又一次的打击
loss on loss 一次又一次的损失
success on success 一次又一次的成功
failure on failure一次又一次的失败
triumph on triumph一次又一次的胜利
heaps on heaps of grain大堆大堆的谷物
◆
本词又是副词，词义为：
继续;向前;(指电器等)开通;在或进入穿着或联系状态：
George put his overcoat on and went out hastily.
乔治穿上大衣匆匆走了出去。
If you walk on along this street，you will come to a post office.
如果你沿着这条街继续往前走，你就会走到邮局。
Mother turns on the gas and prepares the meal.
母亲打开煤气做饭。
Children asked their grandmother to go on with her story.
孩子们要求他们的祖母继续讲她的故事。
upon 1
与介词on相同，在一般情况下用on比较通俗，用upon比较正式。
2
在与动词连用并出现在句末时，用upon比较好，而不用on，例如：
not a chair to sit upon(没有椅子可坐)
very little to live upon(生活无着)
nobody to count upon(没有人可以指望)。
3
在有些成语中upon不能用on替代，例如：
once upon a time从前;
upon my word决不食言;
upon this (that)于是乎 ;
upon one’s arrival某人一到;
depend upon it你尽可以相信。
a blot/stain/smirch on one’s reputation 名誉上的污点：
Although he is a gentleman，his son has ever been arrested for some infamous acts，this is a blot on his reputation.
虽然他是一位高尚的人，但是他的儿子曾因为一些不名誉的事情被逮捕过，这成了他名誉上的污点。
act on the defensive 处于防御状态;取守势：
When we have a basketball match with a strong team，we often act on the defensive，trying to win the game by exhausting the physical strength of the opposite side.
当我们跟一个强队比赛篮球时，我们时常采取守势，以消耗对方体力的方法赢得比赛。
act on the offensive 处于进攻状态;取攻势：
The strong boxer acted on the offensive because his rival could not resist his powerful attack.
那位强壮的拳击手采取攻势，因为他的对手不能抵抗他强有力的攻势。
act on/upon 1
起作用;起效应：
After the patient took that specific remedy，it acted on him immediately.
病人服下特效药以后，该药立即对病人起了作用。
2
按照而行(指对建议、命令等)：
We are grateful to our friends for their good advice and decide to act upon it at once.
我们感谢朋友们给我们提供好的建议，并决定立即按照而行。
act on/upon sb’s advice 按照某人的劝告去做：
Wise people always act on other’s advice because onlookers see the game best.
聪明的人们总是依照别人的劝告去做，因为事情总是旁观者清。
advise sb on 给某人提供关于……的劝告、建议：
He has just been transferred to a new place，his friends advise him on how to deal with people and things there.
他刚被调到一个新的地方，他的朋友给他提供在那里如何待人接物的建议。
a fault on the right side 因祸得福：
He made a mistake and gained much instead of being punished for it，we all said it was a fault on the right side.
他犯了一个错误，非但未受惩罚，反而从这错误中得到好处，我们都说，那是因祸得福。
a fly on the wheel 自高自大的人：
He is a fly on the wheel，he looks down upon everyone including his teacher.
他是个自高自大的人，他对任何人包括他的老师都看不起。
agree on/upon 同意;意见一致(指对方法、条件、计划等)：
The two corporations agreed on the terms of this contract，they were to sign it in a few days.
这两家公司同意合同的条件，几天之内就要签订。
alight on 1
落在(指小鸟、昆虫等落于树、花、地等上面)：
A swallow alighted on the roof，seeking for some place to build its nest.
一只燕子落在屋顶上，寻找地方搭窝。
2
碰到;偶然发现：
An artist alighted on an ancient picture at a second-hand store，he bought it at once and sent it to the museum to display.
一位画家在一家旧货商店里偶然发现了一张古画，他立刻把它买下送到博物馆陈列。
alight on the lure 上当;上钩：
A man should never go after petty advantage or else he may alight on the lure.
人千万不要爱贪小便宜，否则他可能要上当。
and so on 等等：
There are various utensils on the table such as teapots cups，saucers and so on.
桌上有许多器皿，例如茶壶、茶杯、托碟等等。
an old head on young shoulders 少年老成：
Henry is modest and prudent in manners and experienced in dealing with things，so we all say that he has an old head on young shoulders.
亨利举止谦虚谨慎，处事老练，所以我们都说他少年老成。
a peg to hang a thing on 借口;口实：
This is a peg to hang a thing on for our rivals，they have been waiting for it long since.
这对我们的竞争对手来说是一个口实，他们早就等候这种口实。
a play on/upon word 俏皮话;双关语：
When we meet with a play on word，we should try to understand it from its profound implication and not from its surface.
当我们遇到双关语时，我们要从它的深刻含义去了解它，不要从它的表面去理解。
attend on/upon 侍奉;服侍;随从(主人、病人等)：
The servant attended on his new master carefully and tried every way to please him.
那仆人小心地伺候他的新主人，想一切办法讨他喜欢。
avenge oneself on/upon 或 be avenged on/upon 向(某人)报仇、报复：
Never avenge yourself on those who have ever wronged you，we should forgive others.
不要向对你做过错事的人报复，我们应当宽恕别人。
a waiter upon Providence 酒肉朋友;趋炎附势的人：
Make friends with honest people and keep away from a waiter upon Providence.
要跟正直的人交朋友，要远离趋炎附势的人。
a wrinkle on one’s horn 〈俚语〉窍门;秘诀：
He is full of wrinkles on his horn，we all ask for his advice when we meet with difficulty.
他有很多窍门，当我们遇到困难时，都向他请教。
back on (to) 位于……之后：
That large lake backs on (to)the high mountain，so we cannot see it from the front.
那个大湖位于该高山的后面，所以我们从前面看不见它。
back on/upon 依靠;指望(帮助、援救等)：
We back on your help in our work，Dlease don’t let us disappointed.
我们在工作中指望你的帮助，请不要叫我们失望。
base sth on/upon 把某事物建基于;以……为根据：
This speaker based his speech on an ancient fable，thus he roused the interest of his audience.
这位演说者的演说是以一个古老的寓言为基础的，因而引起听众们的兴趣。
beam on 对着……微笑：
Mother felt unlimited affection towards her children，she beamed on everyone of them.
妈妈对她的孩子们有无限的热爱，她对他们每一个人微笑。
bear down on/upon 逼近;重重地落在……之上：
After his father’s death，the responsibility of providing for his family bore down upon this youth.
他的父亲死了以后，赡养家庭的责任重重地落在这个青年身上。
bear heavily on/upon 成为……的重担：
Suspicion bears heavily on these two good friends’ feelings and finally destroys their friendship.
猜疑成为这两个好友感情上的重担，并最后毁掉了他们的友谊。
bear sth on one’s shoulders 挑起……的负担：
As our manager is on leave，his secretary bears the responsibility of signing contracts and documents on her shoulderss.
由于我们经理正在休假，他的秘书将签署合同和文件的责任担起。
bear on/upon 与(某事)有关;对(某事)有影响：
We asked that scientist to explain to us how Einstein’s theory of relativity bore on the motion of heavenly bodies.
我们请求那位科学家给我们解释爱因斯坦的相对论如何对天体运行有影响。
be bent on 一心想要;专心致志于：
That linguist has mastered several European languages，now he is bent on mastering Asian languages.
那位语言学家已经掌握几种欧洲语言，现在他又专心于掌握亚洲语言。
be/be taken on the strength 被编在(机关、团体、军队等的)编制之内：
Owing to demand of work，some new personnel have been taken on the strength of this research institute.
由于工作需要，一些新的人员已经被编入这个研究所的编制之内。
be big on 热心于：
This old man is big on fishing and growing flowers after he retires from work.
这位老人在退休以后热心于钓鱼和种花。
be built on/upon (the) sand.
建立在不牢靠的基础上;不稳固：
These two companies suspected each other，their association was built upon sand.
这两家公司互相猜疑，他们的联合建立在不牢靠的基础之上。
beckon sb on 招手让某人继续做：
Pupils stopped playing when they saw their teacher coming，but the teacher beckoned them on.
学生们看见他们的老师来了就停止做游戏，但是老师招手叫他们继续做下去。
be close on/upon 极靠近;差不多：
That man is close upon sixty，but he is as strong as a youth.
那个人年近六十岁，但是身体跟青年人一样强壮。
be conditional on/upon 以……为条件;取决于：
The enemy’s surrender is conditional on guaranteeing the integrity of their territory.
敌人的投降是以保证他们的领土完整为条件。
be contingent on/upon 视(当时情况)而定的;视(可能发生也可能不发生的事情)而定的：
Sometimes success is contingent on a man’s luck，it can be won easily if the man is lucky enough.
有时成功与否视一个人的运气而定，如果那个人走运，成功可以垂手而得。
be decisive on 对……有决定性的：
We are grateful to you，your assistance is decisive on our success.
我们很感激你，你的帮助对我们的成功起了决定性的作用。
be dependent on sb’s nod 看某人点头与否而定;受某人支配：
Whether we can sign the contract or not is dependent on our director’s nod.
我们能否跟你们签订合同要看我们的主任是否点头而定。
be dependent on/upon 依靠;依赖：
The man was out of work and dependent on his son’s earnings.
那人失业了，依靠他儿子的收入过活。
be firm on one’s legs 站稳：
That baby is still not firm on its legs，it is learning walking.
那婴儿还不能站稳，他正在学习走路。
be flanked on/upon 侧面与……相接：
That old temple was flanked on a scenic mountain，visitors could overlook it on the mountain top.
那座古庙侧面与一个风景优美的大山相接连，游人们可以在山顶上俯视这座庙。
begin on 着手;从事(某项工作)：
This novelist has begun on a new novel，its subject matter alludes to real people and real events.
这位小说家已经着手写一本新小说，该小说的题材影射真人真事。
be going on 接近;快到(某一时间或年龄)：
That wretched man is going on fifty but he still achieves nothing.
那个不幸的人年近半百依旧一事无成。
be gone on 倾心于(某人);迷恋(某人)：
This youth was gone on that beautiful girl not only because of her beauty but also because of her good virtues.
这位青年倾心于那美丽的姑娘不仅是由于她的美貌，也是由于她的贤惠。
be/go on the stage 上舞台;当演员：
This unlucky man has been on the stage over half his lifetime，but he still plays a bit role now.
这位不走运的人已经当了大半辈子的演员，但是他现在仍然跑龙套。
be graven on one’s heart 铭记在心：
Although his mother has been dead for a long time，her urging words are still graven on his heart.
虽然他的母亲已经去世多年，但是她的嘱咐他仍然铭记在心。
be great on 精通：
That engineer was great on computer technology，he could design，manufacture and repair all kinds of computers.
那工程师精通计算机技术，他能够设计、制造、修理各种计算机。
be grounded on 以……为基础;以……为根据：
That scholar has won in the controversy because his arguments are grounded on real facts.
那位学者已经在论战中取胜，因为他的论据是以事实为基础。
be hard/hot on sb’s/sth’s trail紧跟在某人或某物的后面：
The dog loves his little master so much that it is always hard on his trail no matter where he goes.
那只狗太爱它的小主人了，无论小主人走到哪里它都紧跟在他的后面。
be hell on 〈美俚语〉对……十分严格;对……极端有害：
Smoking and drinking are hell on our health，smokers and drinkers should abstain from them.
吸烟和饮酒对我们的健康极端有害，我们应当禁绝它们。
be keen on 〈口语〉喜好;渴望：
Joseph is keen on painting and playing chess，he devotes all his spare time to them.
约瑟夫喜欢绘画和下棋，他把空闲时间都花在它们上面。
believe sth on sb’s bare words 只听某人的话就相信某事：
As they are honest people，we believe in everything they have said on their bare words.
由于他们是正直的人，我们只听了他们的话就相信他们所说的任何事情。
be lost upon 对……未能影响;对……未起作用：
Our admonition was not lost upon John，he has become more diligent and hard-working.
我们的规劝对约翰起了作用，他变得更加勤勉和努力了。
bend one’s mind on 一心想要：
Dressmakers bend their mind on cutting out fashionable dress so as to make more money.
裁剪师们一心想要裁剪出时髦服装以便赚更多的钱。
be not a patch on 比……差得远;远不如……：
Their skill is by far not a patch on ours，we will win the match as easily as blowing away dust.
他们的技巧比我们差得太远了，我们将只费吹灰之力就赢得比赛。
be not on speaking terms with1
与(某人)交情还达不到谈话的程度：
He is a new neighbour of ours and is still not on speaking terms with us.
他是我们的新邻居，他跟我们不熟悉，尚达不到跟我们谈话的程度。
2
因与(某人)交情不好而不与之交谈：
Mary quarrelled hotly with Jim the other day，so she is not on speaking terms with him now.
前些天玛丽跟吉姆吵得很凶，所以她现在不跟他说话。
be (dead) nuts on 〈俚语〉热爱着;狂热于：
George is dead nuts on skating，he even dreams of skating on the sea.
乔治热爱滑冰，他甚至梦见在大海里滑冰。
be on a...footing with 与(某人)有……关系、交情：
Although it has been years since we parted each other，I am still on a comrade footing with him.
虽然我们已经离别多年，我和他仍然有忠实朋友的关系。
be on a lark 在闹着玩;在开玩笑：
The colleagues are intimate with one another，they are often on a lark even at work.
同事们彼此很亲密，他们时常开玩笑，在上班时也是如此。
be on a razor’s edge 在危险关头;处境十分危险：
Lily was much obliged to Dick because he came to her rescue when she was on a razor’s edge a few days ago.
莉丽非常感激狄克，因为前些天她处于十分危险的境地时，狄克赶来救援她。
be on/at the boil 1
正在煮着：
Eggs are on the boil，they will be ready soon.
鸡蛋正在煮着，一会儿就煮好。
2
正在沸腾：
Water is on the boil，take care not to burn you.
水正在沸腾，留神别烫着你。
be on a visit to 访问某人：
When we were on a visit to Joseph，we found many friends were at his home.
当我们去访问约瑟夫时，我们看到有许多朋友在他的家里。
be on a wrong/false scent 追踪的线索不对头;探究的路子不对头：
The doctor thinks himself on the right way of curing heart disease but others think he is on a false scent.
这医生认为他自己已经找到医治心脏病的线索，但是别人认为他探究的路子不对头。
be on bad terms with 与(某人)关系不好：
Adam is on bad terms with his friend because the friend once poked fun at him before the public.
亚当跟他的朋友关系不好，因为这个朋友曾经当着众人的面嘲弄他。
be on bail或be out on bail 保释在外：
He is on bail now，for all his neighbours bear witness that he is innocent.
他现在被保释在外，因为他的所有邻居都为他的清白无辜作证。
be on edge (指人)紧张;着急;(指物)直立着：
Mary is on edge lately，the graduation examination draws on and she is not sure whether she can pass it.
玛丽近来很紧张，毕业考试快到了，她对能否及格没有把握。
be on familiar terms with 与(某人)有好交情：
Few people were on familiar terms with that arrogant person，he was swollen with pride to the utmost.
很少有人跟那个傲慢的人有交情，他骄傲自大到了极点。
be on firm ground 立于稳固的基础上：
Through painstaking management of that manager，the company is now on firm ground.
经过该经理的苦心经营，该公司现在立于稳固的基础上。
be on friendly terms with 与(某人)友好：
Charles and Edward cooperate closely in their work because they are on friendly terms with each other.
查理和爱德华在工作上密切合作，因为他们二人很友好。
be on furlough 在休假中：
Some of my colleagues are on furlough，they all go to the seashore to enjoy themselves.
我的一些同事们在休假，他们都去海滨欢度假日。
be on good terms with 与(某人)关系好：
Our factory is on good terms with many companies，so we do not worry about the sale of our products.
我们工厂跟许多公司关系很好，所以我们不愁产品的销路。
be on her beam-ends (指船)倾向一边;几乎倾覆：
Suddenly the ship turned on her beam-ends and passengers were all frightened.
忽然那只轮船倾向一边，乘客们全都惊呆了。
be on one’s back 卧病在床：
John has been on his back for several months，he can have a short walk by himself now.
约翰已经卧病在床好几个月了，他现在自己能做短距离散步了。
be on one’s beam-ends (指人或生意)经济拮据的;穷困的：
The artist was on his beam-ends，because no one would buy his picture.
那画家穷困了，因为没有人愿买他的画。
be on one’s beat 做本行工作;做自己熟悉的工作：
The engineer is asked to examine a lathe，he can do it well because it is on his beat.
那工程师被要求去检查一个车床，他能够做好这项工作，因为这是他的本行。
be on one’s feet 1
站立着;经济上自立：
As he has been on his feet the whole afternoon，he wants to have a good rest.
他已经站了整个一个下午，所以他想好好休息一下。
2
站起来(以发言)：
After representatives addressed their inquiries，the director was on his feet to answer them.
当代表们提出质询以后，主任站起来回答他们。
3
(病后)恢复健康：
Through three months’ careful medical treatment，that patient is now on his feet.
经过三个月的精心治疗，那位病人已经康复了。
be on one’s good behaviour 行为谨慎;循规蹈矩：
This youth has been on his good behaviour since he came to our institution，so we all like him.
这位青年自从到我们机关以来，循规蹈矩，所以我们都喜欢他。
be on one’s guard 警戒;提防：
The watch of our warehouse is always on his guard because he knows that his responsibility is very grave.
我们仓库的看守人总是特别警觉，因为他知道他的责任非常重大。
be on one’s high horse 趾高气扬;目空一切：
It is said that a man is apt to be on his high horse if he enjoys success when young.
据说如果一个人少年得志，他就容易趾高气扬。
be on one’s honour (to do sth)在道义上有责任(做某事)：
We are on our honour to help those who are old and helpless.
帮助年老失助的人们是我们道义上应尽的责任。
be on one’s last legs 将死：
That poor old man is on his last legs，we all feel unlimitedly sorrowful.
那位可怜的老人将要故去了，我们全都感到无限的悲伤。
be on short commons 食物不够;吃不饱：
An African country was on short commons，we were offering rapid assistance to her.
一个非洲国家食物不够，我们正在急速援助他们。
be on sb’s side 支持某人;站在某人一边：
We are all on Susan’s side in her quarrel with John because what she has said is reasonable.
在苏珊和约翰二人的争吵中，我们都站在苏珊一边，因为她说的话有道理。
be on space 〈美〉以投稿为生：
This writer is on space and his contributions are much welcomed by journals and magazines.
这位作家以投稿为生，他的稿件非常受报刊杂志的欢迎。
be on the advance 前进;上升;上涨：
Production is on the advance，people’s life is much more well-off.
生产在提高，人们的生活非常宽裕。
be on the alert 警觉;注意：
Explorers marched in a primeval forest，they were on the alert that there might be ferocious will beasts around.
探险家们在一个原始森林中行进，他们提高警觉，提防周围有猛兽出现。
be on the anxious seat 〈美〉坐卧不安;如坐针毡：
A naughty child is on the anxious seat，he has broken the neighbour’s window and he is afraid his parents would punish him for this.
一个淘气孩子坐卧不安，因为他打破了邻居的窗户，害怕父母将为此惩罚他。
be on the ball 胜任;在行：
Our engineer is on the ball about technique，he is a distinguished graduate of a famous technical institute.
我们的工程师对于技术工作很在行，他是一个著名的技术学院的高材毕业生。
be on the bowhand of justice 偏私;不公平：
A referee should not be on the bowhand of justice or players will not agree to his judgement.
裁判员不应当偏私，否则运动员们将不同意他的裁判。
be on the defensive 处于防御状态;取守势：
Our football team is on the defensive，for our rival is a champion team and their attack is too powerful for us.
我们的足球队在比赛中采取守势，因为我们的对手是个冠军队，他们的攻势对我们来说太强大了。
be on the ebb (海水)退潮;(力量、健康等)衰落：
The sea is on the ebb，children all go to the beach picking beautiful shells.
大海退潮了，孩子们都去海滩上拾美丽的贝壳。
be on the edge of a precipice 濒于危险：
My neighbour suffers from a difficult and complicated illness，he is now on the edge of a precipice.
我的邻居患了一种疑难的病症，他的生命现在濒于危险。
be on the fair road (to do sth) 很有希望……;很有可能……：
Kevin is on the fair road to win in the competition because he is both clever and vigilant.
凯文很有希望在竞赛中获胜，因为他又聪明又机警。
be on the fence 骑墙;观望：
Whenever there is a debate，my clever neighbour is always on the fence before he makes clear which side will win.
每当发生争论时，我那聪明的邻居在未辨明哪一方将要胜利之前，总是采取观望态度。
be on the high side (价格)偏高的：
Prices of some vegetables are on the high side and those of some others are on the low，we all prefer the latter.
有些蔬菜价格偏高，有些蔬菜价格偏低，我们全都买价格偏低的。
be on the look-out 警惕;提防注意：
Fierce wild beasts often appear along these mountains，travellers are all on the look-out.
这一带山脉中时常有猛兽出现，旅行者们都很警惕。
be on the loose 〈口语〉1
自由;无拘束：
People are on the loose on this wild island，they may do anything they like.
人们在这个荒岛上无拘无束，他们可以做任何他们喜欢做的事情。
2
纵情欢乐：
These youths are on the loose on Saturday evenings，they do no return until after midnight.
这些青年们每星期六晚上纵情欢乐，他们直到后半夜才回来。
be on the low side (价格)偏低的：
This businessman has made a bad bargain，he sells his goods at a price on the low side.
这位商人做了一笔不赚钱的买卖，他卖货物卖得价格偏低了。
be on the market 出售;被供应：
Various aquatic products are on the market we may go and buy them.
各种水产品在出售，我们可以去选购。
be on the offensive 处于攻击地位;取攻势：
Our football team is superior in skill，so we are on the offensive in the match and win the game easily.
我们的足球队球艺高超，所以我们在比赛中采取攻势，很容易地就赢得比赛。
be on the panel 在受审：
That civil case is now on the panel，both sides think themselves to be right and win the case.
那个民事案件正在审理中，双方都认为自己有理并将赢得胜利。
be on the receiving end 〈口语〉遭受(别人加在自己身上的不愉快行为)：
I am now on the receiving end of other’s complaints，but I never repent.
我现在遭到别人的埋怨，但我绝不后悔。
be on the rise 上涨(指水位、价格等)：
There are downpours on the upper reaches of this river，so water level is on the rise recently.
这条河的上游连降暴雨，所以近来水位上涨。
be on the road to 走上……的道路;走向：
Through industry and determined efforts，this ambitious youth has been on the road to success.
经过勤勉和奋发努力，这位志向远大的青年已经走上成功之路。
be on the rocks 穷困：
He is on the rocks，his relatives and friends all try their best to help him.
他生计贫困，他的亲戚朋友们都尽最大努力来帮助他。
be on the same bottom 处于同一地位：
We make good friends easily because we are on the same bottom in our social status and knowledge.
我们很容易地就成为好朋友，因为我们的社会地位和知识都处于同一水平。
be on the scent (凭嗅迹)追踪着猎物;(凭线索)探究着：
This doctor is on the scent for a complicated disease，he tries his best to find its cure to benefit his patients.
这位医生正在探究一种复杂的病症，努力找出治疗方法以造福于他的病人们。
be on the sick list 因病缺席;有病不能工作：
Many technicians are on the sick list for influenza these few days，this has influenced our progress rate.
这些天以来，许多技术人员因患流行性感冒缺席，这已经影响了我们的工作进度。
be on the sing (开水壶等)呜呜作响：
Immediately after we put a kettle on the stove，it is on the sing.
我们刚把一个水壶放在炉火上，它就呜呜作响了。
be on the straight 〈口语〉循规蹈矩;老老实实地做人：
Grandfather asked his grandchildren to be on the straight and guard against arrogance and rashness，his grandchildren bore this in mind and tried hard to live up to it.
老爷爷要求他的孙子孙女们要循规蹈矩，戒骄戒躁，他的孙子孙女们把老爷爷的话牢记在心，努力地达到他的要求。
be on the stroke 准时;一分钟也不差：
We were on the stroke when we got to the station，so we caught the train we wanted to take.
我们到达车站非常准时，所以我们赶上我们想要乘坐的火车。
be on the tenters 悬虑;焦灼：
Mary does not return home late at night，her parents are on the tenters about her.
玛丽深夜仍然没有回家，她的父母为此非常焦急。
be (out) on the tiles 花天酒地;纵欲：
These dandies are on the tiles all day long，they can get any amount of money from their rich fathers.
这些花花公子终日花天酒地，他们想要多少钱，他们的富有的父亲就给他们多少钱。
be on the watch (for sth) 注意;留意(某事)：
The merchant is on the watch for an opportunity to make much money at one bargain.
那商人注意着做一次买卖就可以赚许多钱的机会。
be on the wing 飞着(指鸟类)：
When the ornithologist got to the forest，he found to his delight that various birds were on the wing in it.
当那位鸟类学家到达森林时，他欣喜地发现其中飞着各种各样的鸟。
be on the wrong side of the hedge站在错误的一方：
A snob found that he was on the wrong side of the hedge，for the man he supported had lost his power and influence.
一个势利小人发现自己站在错误的一方，因为他所支持的那个人已经失去了权势。
be on(the)tiptoe of expectation翘首以待;殷切盼望：
The result of our competition is going to be declared，all contestants are on tiptoe of expectation.
我们的竞赛结果即将宣布，所有的参赛选手都翘首以待。
be on tiptoe with curiosity 充满好奇心：
The audience was on tiptoe with curiosity to watch that magician，who was performing wonderful tricks.
观众们充满好奇心地注视着那位魔术师，他正在变奇妙的戏法。
be on to 1
知道;意识到：
Little hares have been on to the danger that a wolf is nearby，so they run away at once.
小兔们已经意识到附近有个狼的危险，所以它们立刻就逃走了。
2
与……联络;与……联系：
We have been on to an agent，asking him to sell our products on commission basis.
我们已经跟一位代理商联系，请他代销我们的产品。
be on trial 在审问中;试用：
This new-type machine is now on trial，it will sell well in the markets if it gives out the expected effect.
这种新型机器正在试用，如果它能给出预期的效果，它将在市场上畅销。
be on/upon one’s legs 1
站着(作演说等)：
Abraham Lincoln was on his legs in the Congress，making his famous speech of emancipating Negroes.
林肯站在国会里，作他的著名的解放黑人的演说。
2
(病后)能起来走动：
This patient has been cured and he is already on his legs now.
这位病人已经痊愈，他现在已经能够起来走动。
be on vacation 在度假：
My colleague is on vacation，he has entrusted his work to another office worker before he departs.
我的同事正在度假，他在临行以前已经把他的工作托付给另一位职员。
be on velvet 生活优裕;处于有利的或兴旺的地位：
This old man is on velvet，his son shows filial obedience to him and attends upon him carefully.
这位老人生活优裕，他的儿子很孝顺他，细心地侍奉他。
be quick on the draw 拔枪拔剑迅速：
Two knights were fighting a duel，one of them was quick on the draw and injured the other.
两个武士决斗，其中一个人拔剑迅速，伤了另外一个武士。
be rough on 1
对(某人)粗暴无礼：
We should be gentle and polite while dealing with other people and never be rough on them no matter who they may be.
在跟别人交往时我们应当文雅有礼貌，千万不要粗暴无礼，无论他们是谁。
2
使(某人)倒运;不幸：
It is rough on Tom，unpleasant things happen to him one after another，but he never takes this in mind，for he believes that out of the depth of misfortune comes bliss.
汤姆真是不幸，不愉快的事一个接一个地发生在他的身上，但是他毫不介意，因为他相信否极泰来这个道理。
be set on/upon (doing sth) 决心(做某事)：
This naughty pupil was set on correcting his fault and studying hard so as to make his mother happy.
这个顽皮的小学生下决心改正过失，努力用功，以便叫他的妈妈高兴。
be/sit on thorns 如坐针毡;焦躁不安：
Adam is on thorns，he has been rude and impolite to his friend，now he is censured by his conscience.
亚当焦躁不安，他曾对他的朋友粗鲁无礼，现在他受到自己良知的责备。
be slow on the draw 1
拔枪拔剑迟缓：
In the fencing match，one fencer is slow on the draw，so he loses the game.
在击剑比赛中，一位运动员拔剑迟缓所以他被对手击败。
2
思想迟钝：
The pupil is slow on the draw，he often cannot understand the lesson his teacher has taught him.
这个小学生思想迟钝，老师教给他的功课他常常不明白。
be sour on 〈美口语〉嫌恶;讨厌：
If a man is conceited and arrogant，people will be sour on him and keep him at a distance.
如果一个人骄傲自大，人们就要嫌恶他，跟他保持距离。
bestow sth on/upon 把某物授予(指授予荣誉、头衔、奖品等)：
The academic society has bestowed a title upon that scientist for the important invention he has made.
学会已经授给那位科学家一个头衔，因为那个科学家作了一项重要的发明。
be stuck on 爱上;迷恋上(尤指异性)：
That young man is stuck on a beautiful girl both because of her beauty and because of her good virtues.
那个青年爱上一个美丽的姑娘，那位姑娘既美丽又有高尚的品德。
bet on 就(某件事)打赌：
I bet ten yuan with him on her coming (I should win if she would come).
我就她是否来跟他打10元的赌(如果她来我就赢)。
bet one’s boots on或bet one’s bottom dollar on 1
对……孤注一掷地打赌：
A man bets his boots(on) that he can jump down from a high place without being injured but no one pays attention to him.
一个人孤注一掷地打赌，他能从高处跳下而不受伤，但没有人答理他。
2
可以确信：
You can bet your bottom dollar on my words，I can finish this tough work tomorrow.
你可以确信我的话，我明天就能完成这件困难的工作。
be upon the bones of (以言词)攻击：
This narrow-minded person was upon the bones of others with the only purpose of showing off himself.
这个心胸狭窄的人攻击别人，他的惟一的目的是显示他自己。
bite on granite 做徒劳无益的事：
Although Joseph is busy from morning till night，all he does is biting on granite.
虽然约瑟夫从早到晚忙忙碌碌，但他所做的都是徒劳无益的事。
blame sth on 把某事归咎于(某人)：
He blamed his failure on his teachers and said that they did not teach him well.
他把他的失败归咎于他的老师们，说他们没有把他教好。
blow the whistle on(使)停下来;告发：
When students were playing on the playground，their monitor blew the whistle on them and called them to the classroom.
当学生们正在操场游戏时，他们的班长叫他们停下来，把他们叫到教室。
blunder on/upon 偶然遇到;偶然发现：
An astronomer blundered on a new star，which was about ten thousand light years away from our solar system.
一位天文学家偶然发现一个新的恒星，它距离我们太阳系大约一万光年。
border on/upon 1
与……接界;与……邻接：
France borders on Italy and Spain with a high mountain range separating between them.
法国与意大利和西班牙接界，当中有一条高的山脉分隔他们。
2
近似;与……相近：
Their proposal borders upon impracticability，there is not the least possibility for it to be adopted.
他们的提议有些不切实际，绝无被采纳的可能。
born on the wrong side of the tracks出身贫寒：
Many great men were born on the wrong side of the tracks，but they achieved extraordinary success and did great cause through struggle.
许多伟大人物出身贫寒，但他们通过奋斗获得不同寻常的成功，做出伟大事业。
borrow money on 以(某物)抵押借钱：
Their company needed circulating funds urgently，so they borrowed money from a bank on their real estate.
他们公司急需流动资金，所以他们以房地产作抵押从一家银行借贷。
bows on (航海)船首向前：
Although the small ship navigated the stormy sea among terrifying waves，it sailed bows on calmly and bravely.
虽然那艘小船行驶于惊涛骇浪之中，但它仍然船首向前，镇静而勇敢地向前行进。
break a butterfly on the wheel 杀鸡用牛刀：
Such atriffle thing can be solved easily，you need not break a butterfly on the wheel.
这样一桩小事很容易解决，你用不着杀鸡用牛刀。
breakfast on 以(某物)为早饭：
After morning exercise，the old man often breakfasted on soya-bean milk and fried dough sticks.
做完晨练以后，那位老人时常吃豆浆油条作为早点。
breathe on/upon 使失去光泽;损毁(名誉等)：
Grandfather exhorts his grandchildren to behave themselves open and aboveboard，if a man does something immoral，it will breathe on his fame.
祖父叮嘱他的孙辈儿女们做事要光明正大，如果一个人行为不当，将损毁他的名誉。
bring defeat upon oneself 招致失败：
That young engineer designed a complicated machine but without enough experience，so he brought defeat upon himself.
那位年轻的工程师设计一个复杂的机器但经验不足，所以招致失败。
bring discredit on sb’s name 玷污某人名誉：
He sets strict demands on his son because anything wrong his son does will also bring discredit on his name.
他严格要求他的儿子，因为他儿子做了任何不正确的事都会玷污他的名誉。
bring discredit on oneself 使自己不名誉;使自己失信誉：
The manager finds that his failure to fulfil the contract has brought discredit on himself.
该经理发现，他未履行合同已经使他自己失去信誉。
bring disgrace on 玷辱：
One should take care never to bring disgrace on his family.
一个人要注意不要玷辱他的家庭的名声。
bring sb/sth on 1
引起;导致：
This thick-skinned glutton ate too much at a dinner，this brought on a bad stomachache to him.
这个厚脸皮的贪食者在宴会上吃得过多，导致他严重胃痛。
2
使进步;使成长加速：
Such fine weather brings on crops nicely，this promises a good harvest.
这样的好天气使农作物生长得很好，这预示一个好收成。
3
帮助;指导(学生或学习者)：
Our engineer was asked to bring on skilled workers，so he often explained technical problems to them.
我们的工程师被邀请指导技术工人，所以他时常给他们讲解技术问题。
bring on/upon oneself the contempt of 自讨……的鄙视：
That man’s greed has brought upon himself the contempt of his relatives and friends.
那个人的贪婪使他自讨他亲友们的鄙视。
bring/put sb on the stage 使某人投身剧坛：
He was fond of drama from his childhood，this brought him on the stage when he grew up.
他从小时就喜欢戏剧，这使得他长大以后投身剧坛。
bring reproach upon 使(某人)受责备：
That naughty child is often up to amusing tricks，this sometimes brings his mother’s loud reproach upon him.
那个顽皮孩子时常调皮捣蛋，这有时使他受到妈妈的责骂。
bring sth to bear on/upon 使某事对……有影响;将某事物施加于：
Our teacher brings his noble character to bear upon us so that everyone of us receive his imperceptible influence and make progress vigorously.
我们老师用他的高尚人格影响我们，使我们每一个人都不知不觉地受到影响，奋发有为。
brood on/over 沉思;盘算：
Henry brooded on how to please his girl friend and make her agree to marry him.
亨利盘算着如何讨好他的女友，使她同意跟他结婚。
build on/upon 1
把……建基于;把……建筑于……之上：
That magnificent castle was built upon a huge rock on top of a high mountain.
那个壮丽的城堡建筑在高山顶上一个巨大的岩石上。
2
指望;依赖：
Don’t build too many hopes upon his helping you，he is a very selfish person.
不要指望他会帮助你，他是个非常自私的人。
burst on/upon 突然或意外地出现于;突然来到：
Dark clouds broke up and a wonderful view of sunrise burst upon our sight.
黑云散开了，我们忽然看到日出的奇景。
butter one’s bread on both sides奢侈;浪费：
Don’t butter your bread on both sides no matter how rich you are.
无论你多么富有，也不要奢侈。
buy sth on credit 赊购某物：
This corporation bought in large quantities of native products on credit，they would pay money after they had sold it out.
这家公司赊购了大量土产品，他们将这些货物卖出后再付款。
calculate on/upon 依靠;指望：
Andrew can calculate upon his father’s help to set up a business because his father is rich.
安德鲁能指望他父亲的帮助来开办一个买卖，因为他父亲很富有。
call for bids on 对(某项工程或事物等)招标：
They called for bids on a bridge engineering，but no one made the bid.
他们为一项桥梁工程招标，但没有一个人去参加投标。
call on/upon 短暂地访问、拜访(某人)：
During his stay in London，he called on many acquaintances including his old neighbours.
当他在伦敦逗留时，他拜访了包括他的老邻居们在内的许多熟人。
call on/upon (to do sth) 1
恳求、请求(某人)(做某事)：
We called on him to make a loan to us so that our company might not close down.
我们恳求他贷款给我们，以免我们公司倒闭。
2
邀请(某人)(做某事)：
This big enterprise called on many well-known people to attend its inauguration so as to add to its prestige.
这个大企业邀请许多知名人士参加它的开幕典礼以增加它的声望。
carry (sth) on 1
在……之上携带;在……之上搬运：
When crossing a great desert，travellers carry their luggage，foodstuff and water on the back of camels.
当横越那大沙漠时，旅客们把他们的行李、食物和水放在骆驼的背上。
2
进行(工作等);从事(业务等)：
The archaeologist carried on his study smoothly，for he had found out a new way of radiocarbon dating for antiquities.
那位考古学家顺利地进行他的研究工作，因为他已经找到古物年代测定的新方法。
3
行动失常;吵吵闹闹：
That woman is always carrying on，no one knows why.
那妇女总是吵吵闹闹，没有人知道为什么。
carry on with 继续做(某事);坚持进行下去：
In spite of repeated failure，the chemist carried on with his experiment and never gave up.
虽然屡遭失败，那位化学家继续进行实验毫不气馁。
cast a cloud on/upon 给……投上一片阴影：
His wife’s death casts an everlasting cloud upon his life，he can never forget her until his last day.
他妻子的死给他的生活投上一片永远消除不了的阴影，他一直到最后也忘不了她。
cast a gloom/shadow on/upon 给……投上一片阴影：
The hero’s sacrifice cast a gloom on the whole country.
英雄的牺牲给全国投上一片阴影。
cast a reflection on sb’s character1
使某人蒙上不好的名声：
Although he commits the mistake unintentionally，it has cast a reflection on his character.
虽然他并不是故意犯错误，但这已经使他蒙上不好的名声。
2
讲某人的坏话：
That narrowminded man often casts a reflection on other’ s character so as to show off himself.
那个心胸狭小的人时常讲别人的坏话以使显示他自己。
cast hostile glances upon 敌视;仇视：
We should pursue generosity and kindness towards others and never cast hostile glances upon anyone.
我们对待别人要宽容和善，不要敌视任何人。
cast light on/upon 使(某事物)清楚地显示出来;阐明(某事物)：
People knew nothing about the origin of life in the last century，the theory of this great biologist cast light upon it.
在上个世纪人们对于生命的起源一无所知，这位大生物学家的学说把它阐明了。
cast on 披上(衣服等);(编织)起针：
Suddenly something urgent came to his mind，he cast on his overcoat and hurried out.
他忽然想起一件急需要办的事，于是他披上大衣赶忙出去了。
cast oneself on/upon 委身于;指望：
We are unexperienced inthis new job，so we cast ourselves upon our friend to help us.
对于这件新的工作我们没有经验，所以我们指望朋友来帮助我们。
cast/throw one’s bread upon the waters 为善不图报：
This kindhearted man casts his bread upon the waters，he never shows his name while making donations to the charities.
这位善心人为善不图报，他向慈善机构捐助时，从来不露他的姓名。
centre on/upon (使)集中：
That orator was gifted with eloquence，he made the attention of all his audience centred on him with his witty words.
那位演说家赋有口才，他用他的风趣语言把所有听众的注意力都集中到他的身上。
chance on/upon 偶然碰见;偶然发现：
A connoisseur once chanced upon a precious curio in the flea market，he bought it at a cheap price and sent it to the museum.
有一次一位鉴赏家在旧货市场上偶然发现了一件有价值的古玩，他以很低的价格买了它，把它送到博物馆。
chew on/upon 思虑;考虑(某事)：
This matter is fatally important to you，you should chew it on carefully.
这件事情对你无比重要，你要仔细考虑它。
clap eyes on 看见(用于否定句)：
Anna has not clapped eyes on Robert for weeks，perhaps he has gone touring with his parents.
安娜已经好几个星期没有看见罗伯特了，也许他跟父母出去旅游了。
clap on 1
飞速地戴上(指帽子)：
Many children were waiting for him outside，little Tom clapped on his cap and ran out joining them.
许多小朋友在门外等着他，小汤姆飞速地戴上帽子跑出去跟他们一起去了。
2
加把劲;奋力：
Our job is still not finished，we should clap on to finish it sooner.
我们的工作还没有完成，我们要加把劲快点把它做完。
come on 1
(运动员、演员等)上场;出场：
When all players have come on，our match begins at a whistle of the referee.
当所有运动员都上了场时，我们的比赛随着裁判员的一声笛声开始了。
2
进步;进展：
Our work is coming on well with the help of ourfriends.
在我们朋友们的帮助下，我们的工作进展顺利。
3
(风、雨、季节等)开始;来到：
Spring comes on，little birds begin to sing on the branches of trees.
春天到了，小鸟开始在枝头歌唱。
4
来吧! 加油! (用于祈使句，含有鼓励、挑战等意思)：
Come on! Have a wrestlingwith me，dare you?来吧! 跟我摔一跤吧，你敢吗? 5
(问题、案件等)处理;审理：
The accuser and the defendant have been notified that their case will come on next week.
原告人和被告人已被通知，他们的讼案下个星期审理。
6
(戏剧等)上演：
A well-known comedy is coming on，so the theatre has been fully booked up.
一个著名的喜剧正在上演，所以该剧院座满。
come on a straight shoot 〈美口语〉直截了当地行动或进行：
These young men are not afraid of any difficulty，once they make up their mind to do something，they will come on a straight shoot.
这些青年人不怕任何困难，他们一旦决定做什么事，就直截了当地做下去。
come on strong 〈美俚语〉给人以强烈印象：
A football match was held between two superior teams，they both played wonderfully and the whole match came on strong.
一场足球赛在两个强队之间举行，两个队踢得都极好，整个比赛给人们以强烈印象。
come upon 1
(灾祸等)突然向……袭来;(想法等)忽然产生：
A flood came upon that city and caused great damage to the inhabitants.
一场洪水突然袭击该城，给居民造成极大损失。
2
(偶然)遇到(或发现)：
The artist came upon an ancient picture at a second-hand store，which，through careful examination，he knew was not an imitation.
那画家在一个旧物商店偶然发现一幅古画，经过仔细观察他知道那不是一件仿制品。
commend sb on 称赞某人的(某事)：
We commended that doctor both on his medical skill and on his medical morality，he never accepted any present from his patients.
我们称赞那位医生医术好医德也好，他从来不接受病人的任何礼物。
comment on/upon 对……评论：
This statesman often comments on some current affairs and he is just and fair in his argument.
这位政治家时常对一些时事进行评论，他的立论是公允的。
compliment sb on 夸奖某人之(某事)：
Mother was extraordinarily happy when she heard someone complimenting her son on his cleverness.
当妈妈听到有人夸奖她的儿子聪明时，她特别地高兴。
concentrate one’s attention on/upon 集中注意力于：
That chemist was concentrating his attention on his experiment，he did not notice his wife standing behind him.
那个化学家正把注意力集中于他的实验上，他没有注意到他的妻子站在他的身后。
concentrate on/upon 专心于;全神贯注于：
This student is concentrating on a complicated equation，which his teacher asked him to solve by himself.
这个学生正在专心考虑一个复杂的方程式，他的老师要求他独力去解。
condole sb on/upon 为(某事)向某人吊唁、哀悼：
We went to our friend’s home and condoled him on his father’s death.
我们去朋友家中，为他父亲的去世向他表示哀悼。
confer sth on/upon 授(学位、头衔、恩惠等)给(某人)：
Queen Elizabeth conferred knighthood on several ministers for their distinguished services to their country.
伊丽莎白女王把爵士头衔授予几个大臣，表彰他们对国家的杰出贡献。
congratulate oneself on 为(平安、脱险等而)暗自庆幸：
Explorers congratulated themselves on their narrow escape from a big tiger’s fierce attack.
探险家们为从一只老虎凶猛攻击他们的危险中幸免而暗自庆幸。
congratulate sb on/upon 为(某事)而向某人庆贺：
We all raised our glasses and congratulated the longlived old man on his one hundredth birthday.
我们全体举杯庆贺这位老寿星的一百岁生日。
(be) consequent on/upon 由(某事)所引起的：
The famine consequent upon consecutive crop failures has caused a catastrophe in that country.
由于连续歉收所引起的饥馑在那个国家已经造成灾难。
count on/upon 指望;仰望;依赖：
He is now up to ears in debt，he counts on us to offer him financial assistance.
他现在深陷债务之中，指望我们提供经济援助。
count on/upon one’s card 指望自己的机会;指望自己的措施：
Jim is now in a predicament，he counts on his card to extricate himself from it.
吉姆现在处于困境之中，他指望自己的措施来从困境中解脱出来。
creep upon (指时间、年龄等)不知不觉而来：
Time flies as an arrow，old age has crept upon me in a twinkle.
光阴似箭，转瞬间老年就到了。
crowd upon one’s mind 交集于心;涌上心头：
When that old man raised his cup and looked back over the life journey of himself，all sorts of feelings crowded upon his mind unconsciously.
当那位老人举杯回思自己一生的旅程时，不禁百感交集。
cry shame on/upon 说(某人)应自觉惭愧;责骂;责备：
That woman cried shame upon her husband，for he did not take her well-meaning advice and stirred up trouble.
那个妇女责备她的丈夫，因为他不听她的规劝惹了祸。
Curse upon it! 该死!Curse upon it! They always come annoying me.
真该死! 他们总来扰乱我。
cut on 很快地往前走：
As time is pressing，we cut on and soon get there.
因为时间紧迫，我们很快地往前走，一会儿就走到了。
cut one’s teeth on 从(做某事中)初获经验：
At first，Jack feels sorry for his failure，but，on second thought，he comforts himself that he has cut his teeth on it and become more experienced.
最初，杰克对于自己的失败感到烦恼，但是转念一想，他又安慰自己说，他已经从这件事获取经验，变得更老练了。
dance attendance on/upon 奉承(某人);献媚：
He is apathetic by nature and disillusioned with the mortal world，so he never dances attendance on anybody.
他生性淡漠，看破世间的事，所以他从不奉承任何人。
dawn on/upon 渐渐(被某人)明白;开始(被某人)理解：
Only after a long time it begins to dawn upon me that a man can accomplish something only when he has faced the world and braved the storm.
过了很长时间我才开始明白，一个人必须经风雨见世面才能有所作为。
debate upon 正式讨论或辩论(某事)：
These partners have made some profit in their business，they are now debating upon who will share more fromthe profit and who less.
这些合伙人做买卖得了一些利润，他们现在正在辩论谁应该多分利润，谁应该少分。
decide on/upon 对(某事)作出决定：
Through careful consideration，children have decided on the way of enjoying the Spring Festival that boys should let off firecrackers and girls should wearflowers.
经过仔细考虑，孩子们已经对过春节的方法作出决定，即：
男孩子们放爆竹，女孩子们戴花。
deliberate on/upon 仔细考虑;慎重权衡：
An important contract is to be made between these two companies，both sides are now deliberating on its contents and articles.
这两个公司之间将要签订一个重要的合同，双方现在正在慎重考虑它的内容和条款。
depend on/upon 1
依靠;依赖：
Some children often depend upon their parents to do what they can do themselves.
有些孩子时常依赖他们父母去做他们自己能做的事情。
2
信任;信赖：
With the guarantee of life-long friendship，we depend upon each other in everything.
由于一辈子的友谊，我们在每件事上都互相信赖。
3
依……而走：
When they will start out in their exploration depends upon the weather.
他们何时出发探险视天气而定。
depend on/upon a thread 千钧一发;岌岌可危：
During the tsunami，turbulent waves of the sea dashed towards the coast，the situation depended upon a thread.
海啸发生时，汹涌的海浪向岸边冲来，形势岌岌可危。
depend upon it (作插入语)毫无疑问;我敢说：
Depend upon it，your virtuous wife will be the best companion and assistant all your life.
我敢说，你贤慧的妻子将是你一生中最好的伴侣和助手。
descend on/upon 1
突然袭击：
A ferocious wolf descended upon the solitary traveller when he entered a primeval forest and he had to run for his life.
当一位孤身的旅行者进入一个原始森林时，一只凶猛的狼突然袭击他，吓得他赶忙逃命。
2
突然来到;突然拜访：
To my delight，an old friend descended on me last week，whom I had not seen for many years and missed very much.
使我高兴的是，上个星期我的一位老朋友突然来拜访我，我已经多年没有见到他了，非常想念。
determine on 决定;决心做(某事)：
Witnesses determine on proving a youth’s innocence，they are going to seek for more evidence for this.
证人们决心要证明一个青年的清白，他们将为此搜寻更多的证据。
die on the vine (计划等)未能实现;中途夭折：
Our factory’s expansion plan died on the vine，for our superiors did not ratify it.
我们厂的扩充计划未能实现，因为我们上级没有批准它。
differ on 在(某件事)上意见不同：
These two companies differ on a mediator’s opinion about their dispute，they decide to appeal to law.
这两家公司在调停人关于他们纠纷的意见上，各持不同意见，他们决定诉诸法律。
dine on/upon 以(某物)为饭菜;吃某物：
It is already spring，crabs and oysters are in season，we often dine on them.
春天已经到了，螃蟹和蚝正当时令，我们时常吃它们。
discourse on/upon 详细地讲述：
In his speech，that physicist discoursed to the audience upon the relation between particles and microwaves.
在他的演讲中，该物理学家对听众详细地讲述微粒和微波之间的关系。
do sth on authority 做某事有根据、有典据：
We should agree to what they have said because they spoke it on good authority.
我们应当同意他们所说的话，因为他们这样说有充分的根据。
do sth on spec 投机地做某事：
That cunning man is good at observing the situation，he often does something on spec when time is proper.
那个狡猾的人善于观察情势，当时间适宜时，他时常投机地做此事情。
do sth on the authority of 做某事有……的根据或典据：
This philosopher devotes himself to the study of ancient philosophy，he has written some works on the authority of Plato.
这位哲学家致力于古代哲学的研究，他已根据柏拉图的学说写了一些书。
double on one’s trace (指猎物或盗贼)故意搞乱脚印;搅乱踪迹：
A fox is so clever as to double on its trace when it runs away from a hunter’s pursuit.
一只狐狸很灵，在它从一个猎人的追逐下逃跑时，故意把自己的踪迹搅乱。
drag on (指时间、工作等)缓慢而拖拉地进行：
A sermonizing speech dragged on，most of the audience went out to smoke or rest.
一个说教式的演说缓慢而拖拉地进行着，大部分听众都出去吸烟或休息。
draw on (指时间)临近;即将来临：
The Spring Festival drew on，teachers and students all returned home to reunite with their families.
春节快到了，老师和学生们都回家跟家里人团聚去了。
draw on 1
使用;利用;用作来源(常指钱)：
They never hesitated in spending money because they could draw on their large sum of bank savings.
他们花钱毫不踌躇，因为他们能够使用在银行的大批存款。
2
穿上(指袜子、手套、紧身衣等)：
It is cold outside，the girl draws on a pair of fur gloves before she leaves home.
外面很冷，那姑娘在外出以前戴上一副皮手套。
draw sb on 引诱;怂恿：
They tried to draw the young man on to tell where he came from，but the young man would not.
他们试图引诱那青年说出来他是从哪里来的，但是那青年人不说。
drum on 连续敲击;敲得砰砰作响：
The boy drummed on the table with chop-sticks to hasten his mother serving the meal quickly.
那小孩用筷子敲桌子以催促他的妈妈快点端饭来。
dwell on/upon 详细述说：
We asked these explorers to make a speech，dwelling on their adventures in the Arctic.
我们请这些探险家们作个报告，详细述说他们在北极的奇遇。
earlier on 在早些时候;在较早阶段;初时：
Jack knew nothing about mechanics earlier on，but now he has become a competent mechanic.
杰克在早些时候对机械学一点也不懂，但现在他已经成为一个能干的修机工了。
easy on the ears 〈美俚语〉好听的：
Mother often sings folk songs to her child，for they are very easy on the ears.
妈妈时常给她的孩子唱民谣，因为民谣非常好听。
easy on the eyes 〈美俚语〉好看：
Colourful dolls exhibited in the shop window are very easy on the eyes，they appeal to little girls passing by.
商店橱窗内陈列的彩色洋娃娃非常好看，它们吸引过路的小女孩们。
easy on the trigger 易兴奋的;易发怒的：
It is no good to be easy on the trigger，it not only hurts other’s feelings in so doing but also injuries our own health.
易于发怒是不好的，这样做不但伤害别人的感情，也对我们自己的健康有害。
egg sb on (to do sth) 怂恿某人(做某事)：
Joseph thought is easy to make money in business，so he egged on his friend to deal in business with him.
约瑟认为做买卖容易赚钱，所以他就怂恿他的朋友跟他一块经商。
embark on/upon 开始;从事：
After George returned to his native village，he embarked on his business of buying in mountain products.
乔治回到他的故乡村庄以后，就开始从事收购山货的业务。
end on 两端相遇：
The managers of many enterprises come to the hotel to hold a large-scale commercial meeting，their cars end on one another at the gate.
许多企业的经理们来到这家饭店开一个大型商务会议，他们的汽车在大门口首尾相接。
enforce sth on/upon 将某事物强加于(某人)：
If there is difference between our opinion and others’ we should talk things over with them on an equal footing and never enforce our opinion upon them.
当我们的意见跟别人的意见不同时，我们应当跟他们平等协商，不要把我们的意见强加于人。
engrave sth on/upon 使(某人)将某事铭记于心：
That little boy has engraved his mother’s teachings upon himself，he decides to live up to it when he grows up.
那个小孩已经把他母亲对他的教导铭记在心，他决心在他长大以后完全做到。
enjoin sth on 嘱咐或吩咐(某人)做某事：
Grandma often enjoins kindheartedness and righteousness on her grandchildren.
祖母时常叮嘱她的孙子孙女们要善良正直。
enlarge on/upon 详述(某事);增补(某事)的内容：
Philip enlarged on his views about the matter to his parents and asked them to support him.
菲力普对父母详述了他对这件事的见解，要求他们支持他。
entail sth on 使(某人)花费：
The parents did not approve of their son’s thinking of buying a new car because this would entail great expense on their family.
父母不赞成儿子买一辆新汽车的想法，因为这将使他们家花费大量的钱。
enter on/upon 开始;着手：
That scientist entered on his lifelong study on radio communication only after he had acquired his doctorate.
那位科学家在获得博士学位以后才开始他终生对无线电通讯的研究工作。
enter on/upon office 就职;上任：
Our new director has reestablished rules and regulations in our company since he entered upon office.
自从我们新主任上任以后，他已经整顿了我们公司的规章制度。
enter on/upon the path of 踏上……的道路;开始从事：
Our physician entered on the path of medical services soon after he graduated from the medical college.
我们的内科医师在从医科大学毕业以后不久就开始从事医务工作。
err on the side of 在某方面犯错：
We should avoid erring on the side of severity in our attitude towards children.
在对待孩子们的态度上我们应当避免犯失之过严的错误。
exert sth on/upon 对(某人)运用;对(某人)施加(压力、影响等)：
A man should not exert his influence on others for his private benefit.
一个人不应该为了个人的私利而对别人施加影响。
exist on 1
存在于……之上：
Astronomers are studying whether life also exists on other planets in our solar system and in the whole universe.
天文学家们正在研究生命是否存在于整个宇宙和我们太阳系的其他行星上。
2
靠……而生存、生活：
People living in the mountain region exist on mountain products and people living near the water exist on aquatic products.
靠山吃山;靠水吃水。
expend sth on 花费某物于：
Shopkeepers often expend half their capital on the decoration of their shops’ facade.
开商店的人们时常把他们的一半资金花费在装饰他们商店的门脸上。
fall back on/upon 1
依靠;使用：
When the poor craftsman was old，he had to fall back on his hands for living.
当那位穷工匠老了的时候，他不得不靠他的双手谋生。
2
求……的支持;求助于：
The man was in trouble，he fell back on his friends to get him out.
那人陷入了困境，他求助于他的朋友们来解救他。
fall flat on one’s face 俯面跌倒：
When our baby learned to walk，he often fell flat on his face.
当我们的婴儿学习走路时，他时常面朝下地跌倒在地。
fall on 攻击;袭击：
A large wolf suddenly fell on a single traveller，he had to climb up a tall tree to dodge it.
一只大狼突然袭击一位单身的旅行者，他不得不爬上一棵高树来躲避它。
fall on deaf ears 未受注意：
That young man will make mistake because his friends’ advice to him all falls on deaf ears.
那个青年将要犯错误，因为他的朋友们对他的忠告都未受到他的注意。
fall on one’s back 1
仰面倒下：
When the chubby baby fell on his back and cried，its mother held it up in her arms hurriedly and comforted it.
当那个胖婴儿仰面跌倒大哭时，他的母亲急忙把他抱在怀里安慰他。
2
逼近背后：
A hungry wolf fell on the traveller’s back and waited for a chance to pounce on him，the traveller climbed up a tree hastily.
一只饿狼逼近那旅客背后，伺机扑向他，那旅客赶忙爬上一棵树。
fall on/upon 降临：
It is in the dead of night，great stillness has fallen upon everything.
夜阑人静，万籁俱寂。
fall on/upon one’s legs 侥幸摆脱困境;跌而不伤：
People spoke of him as a blessed man because he fell on his legs each time he was in danger.
人们都说他是一个有福气的人，因为每次他遇到危险时，他都能侥幸摆脱。
fasten a quarrel on/upon 跟(别人)吵架：
Never fasten a quarrel on others，if we have some complaints，we can settle them up through exchange of views.
永远不要跟别人争吵，如果我们有些意见，可以通过交换意见来解决。
fasten one’s attention on 紧紧注意：
That chemist fastened his attention on every chemical reaction which happened in his experiment.
那位化学家紧紧注意他的实验中所产生的每一化学反应。
fasten one’s eyes on眼睛紧盯在：
When Dorothy walked in the street，a young man fastened his eyes on her，she asked him why he did like that，he answered that it was because she resembled his sister very much.
当多萝西在大街上行走时，一位青年男子眼睛紧盯着她，当多萝西问他为什么这样做时，他回答说因为多萝西长得非常像他的妹妹。
fasten on/upon 1
握紧;抓紧：
A knight fastened on the handle of his sword and drew it out from its sheath.
一位武士紧握他的剑柄，把剑从剑鞘中拔出来。
2
把……紧固于：
This scientist found an abnormal reaction in his experiment，he fastened his attention on it at once.
这位科学家在他的实验中发现了一个异常反应，他立刻把他的注意力集中于这个反应上。
fawn on/upon 巴结(某人)：
This shrewd person fawned on his rich relative so as to borrow some money from him.
这个精明人巴结他一个有钱的亲戚以便找这亲戚借钱。
feast one’s eyes on 饱览：
That archaeologist led his students to a museum and they feasted their eyes on fossils of prehistorical animals there.
那位考古学家率领他的学生们到一个博物院，在那里他们饱览了史前动物的化石。
feed on 以(某物)为食：
This kind of worm feeds chiefly on dead leaves and rotten grass，we can find such worms everywhere in the wilderness.
这种蠕虫主要以枯叶和腐草为食，在野外我们到处可以找到这种蠕虫。
feed(certain animal) on 以……喂(某种动物)：
Mother has to feed our cat on fish because it is too particular in food and does not want to eat anything else.
妈妈不得不用鱼喂我们的猫，因为这猫太挑剔，除去鱼以外，它什么东西也不吃。
figure on 1
料想;估计：
They may have figured on our refusing them，so they are very timid while putting forward their requests.
他们可能已经料想我们会拒绝他们，所以在提出这个请求时很胆怯。
2
指望：
You are my only good friend and I figure on your help.
你是我惟一的好朋友，我指望你的帮助。
fire on/upon 对……射击：
Henry is an expert marksman，when he fires on a distant target，he can hit it at each shot.
亨利是一位神枪手，当他对很远的靶子射击时，他能每一发都射中。
fit on 1
安装：
Mother wanted to keep money in the wardrobe，so she fitted on a spring lock for security.
母亲想在立柜里放钱，所以她在立柜上安装一个碰锁以保安全。
2
试穿(新衣)：
When Mary fitted her new coat on，she found it a bit too long.
当玛丽试穿她的新外衣时，发现它稍微长了一点。
fix one’s attention on 专心于;注意于：
Mary was fixing her attention on her embroidery when her friends called on her.
当玛丽的朋友来访时，她正在专心于刺绣。
fix one’s eyes on 注视：
When the child returned home，his mother fixed her eyes on him and asked him where he had gone.
当那小孩回家时，他的母亲注视着他，问他到哪里去了。
fix one’s gaze upon 盯看：
A witch fixed her gaze upon that prince and waited for a chance to play her witchcraft on him.
一个巫婆盯看那个王子，等候机会对他施展妖术。
fix the blame on 把过失归咎于(某人);把过失加于(某人)身上：
Dick broke a cup，he wanted to fix the blame on his little brother，of course his mother did not believe him.
狄克打破了一只茶杯，他想把过失推到他的小弟弟身上，他母亲当然不相信他的话。
fix the responsibility on 把责任加给……;使负责：
We have fixed the responsibility on the transportation company to secure safety of our goods during land and water transport.
我们已经把确保我们货物在水陆运输中安全的责任交给该运输公司。
fling on 匆匆穿上(衣服)：
Daisy flung on her coat and went to a park hastily to meet her friend.
黛西匆匆穿上外衣向公园赶去会见她的朋友。
focus sth on 把某物聚集在;集中(精力、注意力等)于：
Little Tom focuses sunbeams on a piece of paper with a burning glass，the paper soon blames up.
小汤姆用取火镜把阳光聚集在一张纸上，那张纸一会儿就烧着了。
foist sth on 以某无用之物混骗(某人)：
A foreign export corporation tried to foist damaged goods on our company but was seem through.
一家外国出口公司试图以损坏的货物混骗我们公司但被看穿了。
follow on 紧接着;继续下去：
Performance followed on until it was dark and the audience was still reluctant to leave.
表演节目一个一个地接连下去一直到天黑，但是观众们仍然恋恋不舍，不愿离去。
follow on/upon the heels of 紧跟在……的后面：
This little dog loved its master so much that it always followed on his heels when he went out.
这只小狗如此热爱它的主人，每当主人外出时，它总是紧跟在后。
free on board(常写作FOB) (商业)船上交货;离岸价格：
We have arrived at an agreement with the seller that the price is fifty yuan a ton FOB.
我们已经跟卖方达成协议，价格每吨五十元离岸价格。
freeze on to 〈口语〉紧握;紧执(某物)：
That brave man froze on to a rope when he climbed up a high building.
当那个勇敢的人往一座高楼上爬时，他手中紧握住一根绳子。
Friendship cannot stand always on one side. 〈谚语〉友谊需要双方面来维持：
Friends should respect each other，friendship cannot last long if we only ask our friend to respect us without our respect to him because the saying goes that friendship cannot stand always on one side.
朋友们应当互相尊敬，如果我们只要求我们的朋友尊敬我们而我们不尊敬他，友谊就不能长久维持，因为谚语说，友谊需要双方面来维持。
frown on / upon 反对;用皱眉表示厌恶反对：
Father frowned upon his son’s association with impolite children.
父亲用皱眉表示反对他的儿子与不讲礼貌的孩子们交往。
further on 继续;再向前：
My friend went further on and told me more about how things stood with him in his work.
我的朋友继续谈下去，又告诉我许多关于他工作的情况。
gain on/upon 1
追及;赶上：
Jack has gone for half an hour but Alice takes a motocycle after him and soon gains him on.
杰克已经走了半个小时了，但是爱丽丝骑上摩托车追赶他，一会儿就追上他了。
2
跑得较……快;超过：
It is already winter，the night gains on the day.
时值冬季，夜长昼短。
3
(海)侵蚀(陆地)：
As the sea gains on slowly，their house has been endangered.
由于海逐渐侵蚀陆地，他们的房屋已被危及。
gamble on 以某物赌博：
That astute person is expert at finance and investment，he often gambles on stock exchange and reaps profits.
那个精明的人熟谙金融投资，他时常赌股票交易而获利。
gaze on/upon 〈正式用语〉看：
Our prince gazed on that beautiful and virtuous princess，who would be married to him.
我们的王子看着那位美丽贤惠的公主，她将要跟王子结婚。
get a line on 〈美口语〉得到关于(某事)的情报：
When the company gets a line that there will be a short supply of mountain products，they purchase them in bulk in the producing area at once and put them on the market.
当该公司得知山货将要短缺的消息后，他们立即在产地大量收购山货，投放市场。
get a move on 〈俚语〉行动起来;赶快：
After our meeting，staff members have got a move on the thorough overall of our equipment.
我们开会以后，职工们已经行动起来，对我们的设备进行彻底检修。
get drunk on 喝(某种酒或饮料)而喝醉：
This old sailor is a habitual drunkard，he often gets drunk on white spirit or other strong drinks.
这位老海员是个醉鬼，他时常喝白酒或其他烈性饮料而喝醉。
get /have sb on the hip 压倒某人;使某人处于劣势：
A tennis player is superior in skill，he gets his rivals on the hip with only a few strokes.
一位网球运动员技术高超，他仅用几下抽打就压倒了他的对手。
get/have the jump on 抢在……之前行动;以起步较早而占便宜：
That champion runner does not really run more quickly，he only gets the jump on other runners.
那赛跑冠军并不是真跑得快，他只不过是以起步较早而占了其他赛跑运动员的便宜。
get on 1
(指人)老起来：
Time elapses imperceptibly，all my former schoolmates are getting on.
光阴荏苒，我的同学们都老了。
2
(指时间)变迟：
Time is getting on，we must be late when we get there.
时间太迟了，我们赶到那里时，一定要迟到。
3
进展;过活：
How are you getting on with your work? 你的工作进展如何?
get on 登上(车、飞机等);骑上(马等)：
get on one’s bike骑上自行车/get on one’s horse骑上马/get on the bus上了公共汽车 /get on the train上了火车/get on an airliner登上班机。
get on a...footing with 与……有某种关系：
Through a long period of association，we have got on a friendly footing with them.
经过长时间的交往，我们跟他们已经有了友谊。
get on famously with 与……关系融洽：
That old lady dealt with people kindly and cordially，so she got on famously with her neighbours.
那位老太太待人和善热诚，所以她跟邻居们关系很融洽。
get on for (年龄、距离、时间等)接近;快到：
This old scholar was getting on for eighty，but he was still in good health.
这位老学者已经快八十了，然而身体仍然健康。
get on in life 发迹：
The man remained obscure all his life，but he suddenly got on in life in his old age.
那人一辈子默默无闻，但是到了老年忽然发迹起来。
get on sb’s nerves 〈口语〉使某人心神不宁;使某人烦躁不安：
This school is near a dance hall，its music gets on the students’ nerves all day long.
这个学校靠近一个舞厅，它的音乐声使得学生们整天心神不宁。
get on one’s feet 1
站起来：
The chubby baby got on its feet slowly but it fell down at once.
那圆胖婴儿慢慢地站了起来，但是立刻又跌倒。
2
复元;恢复：
Floods have done considerable damage to this district，its agricultural production will need time to get on its feet again.
洪水给这个区域造成了巨大损失，它的农业生产要需要一段时间才能恢复。
get on one’s way 向目的地走去，继续走自己的路：
The tired travellers had a good rest and drank some water，and then they got on their way.
疲乏的旅行者们好好地休息一下，喝了一些水，然后继续赶路。
get on swimmingly 〈俚语〉大兴旺;大发达：
Through tens of years’painstaking effort，that enterprise has got on swimmingly now.
经过数十年的惨淡经营，那个企业现在已经极大地兴旺起来。
get on the high horse 目空一切;自高自大：
After the youth achieves some success in his life，he becomes proud and gets on the high horse.
那青年获得一些成功以后，他变得骄傲和目空一切。
get on the inside 1
熟悉内幕;了解底细：
As they are all experienced employees of banking affairs，they get on the inside of financial business.
由于他们都是银行事务有经验的从业人员，所以他们知道金融业务的内部情况。
2
成为自己人：
After hard working for years，Mike has got on the inside of that company’s leading group.
经过多年的努力工作，迈克已经进入了那家公司的领导阶层。
get on the right side of 得到(某人)的喜爱;取得(某人)的欢心：
That young technician is both learned and hard-working，gradually he gets on the right side of our chief engineer.
那位年轻的技术人员既有学识又努力工作，他逐渐地得到我们总工程师的喜爱。
get...on the tail或get on the tail of 从背后攻击;(空战时)咬住……的尾巴：
Several wolves fought fiercely with a big tiger，one of them suddenly sprang to the back of the tiger and got it on the tail.
几只狼和一只老虎凶猛打斗，有一只狼突然跳到老虎背后，从后面攻击它。
get on to 1
与……接洽：
We will get on to their director and see if he can help.
我们将去跟他们的主任接洽一下，看看他是否能够帮忙。
2
〈口语〉获悉;得知(某人的欺骗、不诚实等行为)：
We have dealt with that dishonest person for many years before we get on to him.
在我们得知那个人不诚实以前，我们已经跟他来往多年。
get on with 1
(与某人)相处：
Our new manager is easy to get on with，we become familiar with him quickly.
我们的新经理易于相处，我们很快就跟他熟悉了。
2
继续(工作等)：
That teacher got on with his explanation until all his students understood it.
那位老师继续进行解释，一直到他的学生们都明白为止。
get/put the boot on the wrong side误释;错解：
The man knows little about history，he gets the boot on the wrong side when he talks about some historical events.
那人对于历史知道得不多，当他谈论一些历史事件时，他讲解错了。
get/set sb on his legs 1
使某人恢复健康：
Careful medical treatment has cured his illness and set him on his legs.
细心的医疗已经治好了他的病，使他恢复健康。
2
帮助某人自立：
When the youth left his school and went into society，his father tried every way to get him on his legs.
当那个青年离开学校进入社会时，他的父亲尽一切努力来帮助他自立。
get the run upon 占(某人)上风：
That champion team was superior in skill，they got the run upon all other teams in the match.
那个冠军队球艺高超，它在比赛中占了所有其他队的上风。
get up on one’s hind legs 〈口语〉盛气凌人;气势汹汹：
Never get up on our hind legs when we have a successful career.
当我们得志时，切莫盛气凌人。
get well on 〈口语〉喝……喝醉了：
That old man has something sad in his heart，he gets well on a little white wine.
那位老人心中有些难过的事，他喝了一点白酒就醉了。
give sb a line on 给某人有关(某事)的消息：
We have branch offices in many cities，they can give us a line on advices of various places.
我们在许多城市都有分公司，他们能够供给我们各地的商业行情。
give sb a ride on one’s shoulder让某人骑在自己肩膀上：
When little Tom got tired on the way，his father gave him a ride on his shoulder.
当小汤姆在路上走累了时，他父亲叫他骑在自己肩膀上。
give/bestow great care upon 对……煞费苦心：
The parents gave great care upon their children’s education，they tried every way to find the best school for them.
父母对他们子女的教育问题煞费苦心，他们尽一切努力给他们找最好的学校。
give one’s hand on a bargain 与某人握手表示成交：
After these two businessmen agreed with each other on their terms，they gave their hands on the bargain.
在两位商人谈妥条件以后，他们握手表示成交。
give on to 1
朝向;面临：
That old temple gave on to wild mountains，tigers and wolves often went into it at night.
那座古庙面对深山，老虎和狼夜间时常走进庙内。
2
俯视;俯瞰：
That cliff gives on to the enormous sea，various sea-birds build their nests on its top.
那个悬崖俯瞰茫茫大海，各种海鸟在它的顶上筑巢。
go back on one’s promise 违背诺言;违约：
It is not desirable to go back on one’s promise，we should never do likethat.
违背诺言是不可取的，我们不应当那样做。
go back on one’s word 食言;违约：
An honest man never goes back on his word.
一位诚实的人永远不会食言。
go back on/upon 背弃;背叛;食言;违约：
Our friendship has stood a severe test and to go back on each other is inconceivable.
我们之间的友谊是经过严格考验的，绝不可能互相背弃。
go home on furlough 回家度假：
This young man is going home on furlough，his family members expect him back thirstily.
这位青年正在回家去度假，他的家里人盼望他回家。
Good news goes on crutches.
〈谚语〉好事不出门。
The proverb that good news goes on crutches is true，when you have done something good，few people know about it.
“好事不出门”这个谚语是确实的，当你做了一些好事时，很少人知道它。
go on 1
(指时间)过去;消逝：
Ten years went on and the boy had grown into a handsome youth.
十年过去了，那男孩已经长成一个英俊的青年。
2
继续(工作等)(with sth)：
After dinner，the housewife went on with her washing.
吃完饭以后，那主妇继续洗衣服。
3
继续某种行为(指不正确的行为)：
If you go on like this，you will commit serious mistakes.
如果你继续这种行为，你将要犯严重错误。
4
发生：
There is a traffic accident going on in the street.
大街上发生一场交通事故。
5
不断地抱怨责骂(at sb)：
The wife often went on at her husband about trifle things，the husband dared not answer.
那妻子时常为了一些琐事埋怨丈夫，她丈夫不敢还嘴。
6
〈口语〉唠叨;滔滔不断地说：
That old lady went on all day long and thus troubled her son very much.
那位老太太整天唠唠叨叨，使她儿子非常心烦。
7
(机器)运转;(灯火)亮了：
When that electrician has repaired the transformer，our lights go on at once.
当那位电工把变压器修理好了以后，我们的电灯立刻就亮了。
8
以……为证据以进行诉讼：
They were going on the words of a new witness.
他们正在以一个新证人的话为证据进行诉讼。
go on a fool’s errand 无谓地奔走;无明确目的地瞎跑：
Albert has not a clear aim，he often goes on a fool’s errand without achieving anything.
艾尔伯特没有明确的目的，他时常无谓地奔走，什么也没有办成。
go on an embassy 去当大使：
Recommended by an old diplomat，Mr White has gone on an embassy to an African country.
被一位老外交家推荐，怀特先生已经到一个非洲国家去当大使。
go on an errand for 为(某人)去办事：
Our messenger has gone on an errand for our manager，he will not return till afternoon.
我们通讯员给我们经理办事去了，他要到下午才回来。
go on an excursion to 到……作短途旅行：
As our village is not far from a forest，villagers often go on an excursion to the forest on Sundays.
由于我们村庄距离一个森林不远，村民们星期日常到那个森林做短途旅行。
go on board 登船;上船：
When all people have gone on board，the little ferryboat begins to sail towards the opposite bank.
当所有的人都上船以后，小渡船开始向河对岸划去。
go on relief 靠救济金生活：
Some old and helpless people go on relief，we should show due concern for them.
有些年老失助的人们靠救济金生活，我们应当充分地关心他们。
go on the board 当演员：
After he left school，he went on the board in a theatrical troupe as a bit role.
他离开学校以后，就在一个剧团当演员跑龙套。
go on with 〈非正式用语〉暂时应用：
Here is three yuan to be going on with，I will give you more next week.
我先给你三元暂时应用，下个星期我再给你一些。
gorge oneself on 贪婪地吃(某物)：
When he returned home，he was very hungry and gorged himself on everything he could find in the kitchen.
当他回到家中时，他太饿了，贪婪地吃着在厨房找到的每件食物。
go / run on the rocks 触暗礁：
This sea area is newly exploited，ships sailing around here often go on the rocks.
这片海域是新开辟的，在这附近航行的船只时常触礁。
go /run on wheels 顺利进行：
As full preparation has been made for that plan，everything goes on wheels since it began.
由于准备工作做得充分，那项计划自开始实行以来事事都进行得顺利。
go strong on 竭力主张：
Our manager went strong on the business of native products，but this was against the will of our head office.
我们经理竭力主张做土产生意，但是这与我们总公司的意图相违背。
go upon 依据;信凭：
While dealing with people，we should go upon the conviction that they are all good and honest in nature.
在人际交往中，我们应当本着人们在本性上都是善良的这个信念来行事。
grate on 1
因磨擦而发出刺耳声：
The gear is too tight，it grates on its axle.
齿轮太紧，它跟轮轴磨擦发出刺耳的声音。
2
使烦恼;刺激：
He had to stop writing because some noise outside his window grated on him.
他不得不停止写作，因为窗外一些嘈杂声使他烦恼。
grow on/upon 1
(习惯等)加深对……的影响;变得根深蒂固：
Smoking and drinking grew on him so much that he did everything with a cigar between his lips and a cup in his hand.
他吸烟喝酒的习惯变得如此根深蒂固，以致他无论做什么事都含着雪茄托着酒杯。
2
引起对……的爱好：
When the man became old，playing chess and keeping pet birds grew on him.
当那人年老时，他爱起下棋和养鸟来。
hand on 依次传递：
Please hand on some cups of water to them，they are thirsty.
请传递给他们几杯水，他们渴了。
hand sb sth on a plate 把某物白送给某人;使某人轻易得到某物：
They did not unite among themselves，so they handed victory to their rival on a plate.
他们自己内部不团结，所以使他们的对手轻易得到胜利。
hand on the torch 传递(知识、文化、智慧等的)火炬：
Our ancestors have handed on the torch of civilization to us，we should carry it forward and hand it on to our descendants.
我们的祖先已经把文化的火炬传递给我们，我们应当把它发扬光大，把它传递给我们的后代。
hang all one’s bells on one horse把所有财产遗传给独生子：
The millionaire did not hang all his bells on one horse but donated most of his property to the charities.
那百万富翁并没有把所有财产遗传给独生子，而是把他的大部分财产捐给慈善机构。
hang heavy on hand 1
(指马)难驾驭：
He is an expert in horsemanship，horses hanging heavy on hand can be sent to him for training.
他是个马术专家，难于驾驭的马匹可以送到他那里训练。
2
(指人)难对付：
People who have ever worked together with that person all find him hanging heavy on hand.
凡是跟那个人共过事的人都发现他难对付。
3
(指时间)难打发：
Time hangs heavy on hand every Saturday afternoon，we have no alternative but to beguile it with playing majiang.
每星期六下午时间难以打发，我们只好打麻将牌作消遣。
hang on 1
抓住;握住：
The two teams played tug-of-war with a thick rope，both sides hung on till the rope broke.
那两个队用一根粗绳进行拔河比赛，两边都紧握绳子一直到绳子被扯断。
2
坚持工作下去：
Their task is extraordinary tough，but they hang on and finish it at last.
他们的任务非常困难，但是他们坚持下去，最后终于完成。
3
〈口语〉等候：
When I made a phone call to the manager，the switchboard told me to hang on，for the line was busy.
当我给经理打电话时，交换台告诉我等一会儿，因为占线了。
hang one’s harp on the willows 转乐为悲：
Just as we are rejoicing that our basketball team will win championship，our team is defeated by a still stronger team，this makes us hang our harp on the willows.
正当我们欢庆我们篮球队将赢得冠军时，我们队忽然被一个更强的队击败，这使得我们转乐为悲。
hang one’s hat on 指望(某人);依靠(某人)：
Jam has some bosom friends，each time he is in trouble，he can hang his hat on them for help.
吉姆有一些知心朋友，每当他陷入困境时，他都能够指望他们的帮助。
hang on sb’s lips 专心倾听某人说话：
When grandma told her fascinating fairy stories，her grandchildren all hung on her lips motionlessly.
当祖母讲她那迷人的神仙故事时，她的孙子孙女们都一动不动地倾听着。
hang on the rear of 跟在……后面伺机袭击：
A hunter is pursuing a fox，but he can never imagine that a large grey wolf hangs on the rear of him.
一位猎人正在追捕一只狐狸，但他无论如何也没想到一只大灰狼正跟在他后面伺机袭击他。
hang on to 坚持;紧握：
Although he has met with repeated failure，he still hangs on to his first resolution and never hesitates.
虽然他屡遭失败，但他仍然坚持初衷，毫不动摇。
hang on / upon 依靠;取决于：
Their success hangs on their determination，they will succeed if they are resolute enough.
他们的成功与否取决于他们的决心，如果他们很坚决，他们就能成功。
hang on /upon sb’s words 为某人的口才所迷;听得入神：
Pupils hang on their teacher’s words，for the teacher is telling an interesting story.
小学生们听他们老师讲话听得入神，因为老师正在讲一个有趣的故事。
harp on 唠唠叨叨地反复讲：
We grow tired of that old woman，who harped on the cleverness and ability of her son.
我们厌烦那个老太太，她唠唠叨叨反复讲她的儿子如何聪明有能力。
harp on one/the same string 反复说或写同一件事;老调重弹：
No one wants to talk with him，for he always harps on the same string that he was a brave soldier in the Second World War.
没有人愿意跟他谈话，因为他总是反复说一件事：
当年第二次世界战时，他是个勇敢的士兵。
have a bearing on 关系到：
We should keep his words in our mind because they have a bearing on our future.
我们要记住他的话，因为他的话关系到我们的前途。
have a good grip on 善于掌握：
That orator had a good grip on his audience，he could change his topic according to their emotions.
那个演说家善于掌握听众的注意力，他能根据听众的情绪改变他的话题。
have a (good) head on one’s shoulders 有见识;精明：
We admire the businessman heartily，he really has a good head on his shoulders.
我们衷心佩服那位商人，他真是精明。
have a lot on the ball 很有本领：
You can rest assured that they have a lot on the ball though they are all young.
请你放心，虽然他们都年轻，但是很有本领。
have a mark on 喜好;喜欢：
These two old men have a mark on playing chess，they often play it the whole afternoon.
这两位老人喜好下棋，他们时常下一下午。
have an effect on/ upon 1
对……有效果：
The specific remedy has a remarkable effect on his illness，a few doses have cured him completely.
这特效药对他的病有显著效果，几剂下去就使他痊愈了。
2
对……有影响：
His mother’s words had an effect on him because he showed filial duty to her and paid immediate obedience to her every word.
他母亲的话对他有影响，因为他孝顺母亲，母亲说什么话他都立刻遵守。
have an eye on/upon 注意：
Father always has an eye on the behaviour of his children，if there is anything they have done wrong，he will ask them to correct at once.
父亲总是注意他的孩子们的行为，如果他们做错了什么事，他立刻就要求他们改正。
have a poor grip on 不善于掌握：
Donald has a poor grip on his opportunity，he has lost many chances of rise in pay and rank.
唐纳德不善于掌握时机，他已经失去许多加薪晋级的机会。
have claim on/upon 对(某事物)有要求权：
They have claim on his bounty because they have ever saved him when he was in danger.
他们有权得到他的恩惠，因为当他遭遇危险时，他们曾经救过他。
have compassion on 同情：
This kind-hearted man has unlimited compassion on poor and helpless people，he often makes donations to social charities.
这位善良的人对于贫苦失助的人们寄与无限的同情，他时常向社会慈善机构捐助。
have designs on 图谋占有;对……怀有不良企图：
It is immoral to have designs on other’s belongings，a righteous man would never do like that.
图谋占有他人的所有物是不道德的，正直的人绝不会做那样的事。
have / get the grab on 强过;胜过;占比(某人)更有利的地步：
Our team have the grab on them，for our players are more skilful and more experienced than theirs.
我们队比他们队更占优势，因为我们的运动员比他们的运动员技巧更高、更有经验。
have it on 胜过(某人);占(某人)上风：
Louis has it on all his rivals in the contest，so he wins the prize easily.
路易在竞赛中胜过他的所有对手，所以他很容易地赢得奖品。
have/keep an open mind on 对(某事物)虚心;对(某事物)准备再加考虑或听取意见：
Our factory director is objective in everything，each time he makes a decision or gives an instruction，he always keeps an open mind on it.
我们厂长对任何事都很客观，每当他做决定或发指示时，他总是听取别人意见。
have mercy on/upon 对……怜悯;对……宽恕：
This old man has a benevolent heart，he has mercy on unfortunate and helpless men and does everything to help them.
这位老人有一颗仁慈的心，他怜悯不幸的人和失助的人，千方百计地帮助他们。
have no bearing on 与(某事物)无关：
We thank him for his solicitude，but what he reminds us has no bearing on the question.
感谢他对我们的关心，但是他所提醒的事与该问题无关。
have no claim on 对(某事物)没有要求权：
He has no claim on scholarship，for he knows nothing about either physical science or social science.
他没有称为学者的权利，因为他既不懂自然科学也不懂社会科学。
have no leg to stand on 〈口语〉没有理由或借口：
They had better not meddle in this matter，it has nothing to do with them，besides，they have no leg to stand on.
他们最好不要干涉这件事，这件事跟他们没有任何关系，并且他们也没有任何理由去干涉。
have not a dry thread on 浑身湿透：
They were caught in a downpour，when they got home，they had not a dry thread on.
他们被大雨淋了，当他们到家时，浑身都湿透了。
have nothing on 赤裸裸;什么也没有穿：
There is a large pool in the wilderness，when boys have a swim there，they often have nothing on.
野外有一个大池塘，当男孩子们在那里游泳时，他们时常什么也不穿。
have nothing on 〈美口语〉不比(某人)强：
Now Henry has nothing on me，I have my own car too.
现在亨利并不见得比我强，我也有自己的车子。
have nothing on the ball 〈俚语〉毫无本领：
Dick hates Mary very muck because Mary has ever satirized him that he has nothing on the ball.
狄克非常恨玛丽，因为玛丽曾经讽刺他，说他毫无本领。
have on 1
欺骗;戏弄：
He was having me on that someone wanted to see me and I believed him.
他骗我玩儿，说有一个人想见我，我竟相信他了。
2
穿着;戴着(衣物)The old man is particular about dress，he has his ceremonial robe on even when he goes out for a walk.
那位老人特别讲究服装，他即使出去散步也要穿上礼服。
have sth on 〈口语〉(指警方)有(某人)犯罪的证据：
Mr Thomson is a gentleman and we do not believe that they have anything on him.
汤姆森先生是一位正人君子，我们不相信他们会有不利于他的证据。
have sb on a line 任意操纵某人：
The man has no idea of his own about anything，his wife has him on a line.
那人在任何事情上都没有主见，他的妻子任意操纵他。
have sb on a string 任意操纵某人：
The hew king was very young when he came to the throne，his mother，the empress dowager，had him on a string.
当新国王即位时，他还很年轻，他的母亲，皇太后任意操纵他。
have sth on/at the tip of one’s tongue 1
差点说出某事：
He had the secret on the tip of his tongue，he held it back before he told it out.
他差一点说出那个秘密，他在说出以前又咽了回去。
2
几乎想起某事;某事就在嘴边：
I have his name on the tip of my tongue，but I cannot call it to my mind.
他的名字就在我的嘴边，但我就是想不起来。
have one’s head screwed on the right way 通达事理;头脑清楚：
Everyone likes that young man，he has his head screwed on the right way and deals with things correctly.
人人都喜欢那个青年，他通达事理，处事正确。
have sth on one’s mind 挂虑某事;担忧某事：
Mother has not heard from her son for two months，she has this on her mind.
母亲已经有两个月没有接到他儿子的信了，她为此感到担忧。
have sth on one’s shoulder 承担着(责任等)：
After his father’s death，John has the whole family’s living on his shoulder.
在他父亲去世以后，约翰承担着赡养全家的责任。
have sth on the brain 心中想着某事：
Mother always has her children on the brain，she often thinks whether they have been well-fed and wellclothed.
母亲心中总惦念着她的孩子们，她时常思念他们是否吃饱和是否穿暖。
have sb on toast 〈俚语〉任意摆布某人;愚弄某人：
This manager is a foolish man，his secretary has him on toast.
这位经理是个愚人，他的秘书任意摆布他。
have /put one’s mind on 专心于某事：
A doctor puts his mind on the cure of influenza because he thinks this disease endangers human health seriously.
一位医生专心于流感的治疗工作，因为他认为流感严重地危害人类健康。
have something on the ball 〈俚语〉有点本领：
When our manager knows that James has something on the ball，he wants to engage him as his secretary.
当我们经理知道詹姆斯有点本领以后，他想请他当他的秘书。
have / take sth on board (指飞机、船)载有某物;装有某物：
This ship has cars and trucks on board，she is sailing for San Francisco.
这艘轮船载有汽车和卡车，它正驶往旧金山。
have/take one’s revenge on sb for为(某事)向某人报仇、报复：
They vowed to have their revenge on a man who had ever wronged them，but later they pursued forgiveness and forgave him.
他们发誓要对一个曾经冤枉过他们的人进行报复，但是以后他们奉行了宽恕，不这样做了。
have/take pity on 怜悯(某人)：
This old lady has pity on the poor and the helpless，she often makes generous donations to social charities.
这位老太太怜悯贫苦失助的人们，她时常向社会慈善机构慷慨捐赠。
have the edge on 胜过(某人);较(某人)占优势：
This professional boxer was much taller and stronger，so he had the edge on his rival in the boxing match.
这个职业拳击手较他的对手高大强壮得多，所以在拳击比赛中较他的对手占优势。
have the laugh on one’s side 这回轮到自己来笑别人：
This football team was often beaten and laughed at by others before，now they have become powerful and defeated other teams，they have the laugh on their side now.
这个足球队过去时常被别人打败和耻笑，现在他们已经变得强大，打败了别的队，现在轮到他们来笑别人了。
head on 迎面地：
There is strong wind head on，the sailors have to row their boat harder to make it advance.
迎面吹来强风，船员们必须更努力地把他们的小船向前划进。
heap praises on/upon 极力赞美(某人)：
People heaped praises on that rich man，saying that he was clever，capable and good in everything.
人们极力赞美那个富人，说他聪明，能干，样样都好。
heap reproaches on/upon 对(某人)大加责难：
When the rich man became poor，his former friends heaped reproaches on him，saying that he was the silliest ass they had ever seen.
当那位富人穷了以后，他以前的朋友们对他大加责难，说他是他们所见过的最笨的笨驴。
help sb on 帮助某人进步、前进：
John lagged behind in his lessons，mother asked his sister to help him on.
约翰的功课落后了，妈妈要求约翰的姐姐帮助他进步。
help sb on with 帮助某人穿上(衣物)：
Mary helped her little brother on with his clothes，this was much praised by her parents.
玛丽帮助她的小弟弟穿衣服，她的父母对此大加称赞。
high on 热心于;热衷于：
This child is high on flying kites recently，he asks his sister to make a beautiful kite for him.
这个小孩近来热衷于放风筝，他请求姐姐给他做一个美丽的风筝。
hinge on /upon 取决于;视……而定;以……为转移：
These tourists cannot decide which day they will set out，because this hinges on the weather.
旅游者们不能决定哪一天出发，因为这要看天气而定。
hit on/upon 偶然遇见;偶然想起：
The hunter hit on a curious animal when he hunted in the remote mountains，he tried to catch it alive.
那猎人在深山打猎时，偶然遇见一只奇怪的动物，他想把它活捉。
hit the nail on the head 说得中肯：
People like to listen to that orator’s speech，because he hits the nail on the head and convinces his audience.
人们喜欢听那位演说者的发言，因为他说得中肯，令听众信服。
hold a rein on 抑制;约制：
People should not indulge in their feelings，they should hold a rein on them.
人们不要放纵自己的感情，他们应当抑制它。
hold on 1
坚持：
Do you think they can hold on in such hard and bitter circumstances? 你认为他们能在这样的艰苦环境中坚持下去吗?2
继续：
The rain held on steadily all afternoon.
整个下午雨不停地下着。
3
停止(用于祈使句)：
Hold on a minute! 停一停!
hurry on with 赶紧办理：
This secretary hurried on with a letter，for her manager was waiting for it.
这位秘书赶紧写一封信，因为经理等着要它。
impose on/upon 强加;征(税)：
Colonial people became poorer and poorer because colonistic countries imposed heavy taxes on them.
殖民地人民变得越来越穷，因为殖民主义政府向他们征收重税。
inflict oneself on / upon 打扰(某人)：
Some guests often inflicted themselves upon that scholar for a long time without anything important，this annoyed the scholar very much.
有些客人时常没有什么重要的事却长时间打扰那位学者，这使那位学者感到很烦。
jump on/upon 严词责备;突然袭击：
My neighbour has an upright and frank disposition，he jumps on anything immoral or inglorious and never shows any mercy.
我的邻居生性耿直，他对任何不合乎道德或不光彩的事情都严词责备，毫不容情。
just on 大约;差不多：
It was just on ten years ago that he graduated from a famous science and technology university.
大约是十年以前，他从一所著名的科技大学毕业。
keep a check on 控制;阻挡：
We have spent too much money this month，we should keep a check on it.
这个月我们花的钱太多了，我们应当加以控制。
keep a close watch on 严密看守：
Watches kept a close watch on the warehouse sothat no thief could sneak into it.
守夜人严密看守仓库，以便盗贼们不能溜进去偷窃。
keep sb advised on 使某人随时知道(某事)的进展：
A negotiation was held between two companies，both sides kept their own manager advised on its headway.
两个公司之间举行了谈判，双方都使自己的经理随时知道谈判的进展情况。
keep a firm grasp on 紧握：
A brave man kept a firm grasp on a rope and climbed up a high tower.
一位勇敢的人紧握一根绳子爬上一座高塔。
keep a firm hand on 牢牢地控制着：
Our director kept a firm hand on our office，everything was under his control.
我们的主任牢牢地控制着我们的事务所，每件事都由他管理。
keep a tight hand/rein on 牢牢地控制着：
Our chief accountant kept a tight hand on the financial affairs of our company，so our business was carried on in perfect order.
我们的总会计师牢牢地控制着公司的财务工作，所以我们的业务进行得井井有条。
keep on (doing sth) 继续(做某事);连续(做某事)：
A chemist kept on doing his experiment until he got a new substance through it.
一位化学家连续做他的实验一直到他通过实验得到一种新物质。
keep sth on 继续保有某物;继续穿着(衣物)不脱：
Robert cares little for appearance，he keeps his hat on even when he stays in his room.
罗伯特不注意仪表，在屋里呆着时，仍继续戴着帽子。
keep sb on 继续聘用;继续雇用：
Our kind director keeps his workers on even when they have become old.
我们和善的厂长在他的工人们已经年老时仍然继续雇用他们。
keep on at 对(某人)反复地要求;对(某人)不停地讲话：
Our neighbour is a garrulous person，once you talk to him，he will keep on at you until you are utterly confused.
我们的邻人是个喋喋不休的人，一旦你跟他谈话，他就没完没了地跟你说，一直到把你谈得晕头转向。
keep one’s hair on 〈俚语〉对……保持镇静;不生气;不激动：
Harold is sober-minded by nature，he keeps his hair on no matter what irritant things he meets with.
哈罗德天生头脑冷静，无论遇到什么刺激人的事情他都毫不激动。
keep one’s hand on 牢牢控制着：
This director kept his hand on financial affairs because he knew that it was the company’s lifeline.
这位主任牢牢地控制着财务工作，因为他知道财务工作是公司的命脉。
keep one’s mind on 专心于(某事物)：
A physicist keeps his mind on the study of nuclear fusion with an aim to find new energy resources for mankind.
一位物理学家专心于核聚变的研究工作，目的是为人类找到一种新能源。
keep sth on file 把某物合订保存;把某物归档：
After our manager read over those documents，he told his secretary to keep them on file.
我们经理批阅那些文件以后，叫他的秘书把它们归档。
keep on good terms with与……保持友好关系：
These two old men are intimate friends，they have kept on good terms with each other all their lives.
这两位老人是亲密的朋友，他们终生保持友好关系。
keep sb on the trot 使某人不停地奔忙或忙碌：
The wife kept her coward husband on the trot all day long but she herself did nothing.
妻子使他懦弱的丈夫终日不停地奔忙而她自己什么也不做。
keep straight on 一直往前走：
Explorers crossed a high mountain and kept straight on until they entered a primeval forest.
探险家们越过一座高山一直往前走，一直到他们进入一片原始森林。
keep the lid on 保守(某事)的秘密：
Court officials kept the lid on that their king had been seriously ill so as not to alarm the whole kingdom.
朝臣们对国王病重的事保守秘密以免使整个王国惊慌。
knock sth on the head 使(希望、计划、建议)落实、结束：
Our technical transformations have been underway smoothly，but someone’s interference knocks them on the head.
我们的技术改革已经在顺利地进行着，但是某个人的阻挠使它落空。
know all the moves on the board老成练达;熟悉形势：
This company employs a man as head of its business department，he is an expert and knows all the moves on the board.
这家公司雇用了一个人充当营业部主任，他是个专家，老成练达。
land on one’s feet 幸运;逃脱伤害：
This gentleman has been in danger many times in his life，but he lands on his feet at each time.
这位先生一生中好多次遇险，但他每次都逃脱伤害。
land on the street level 〈美口语〉失业：
Jack has landed on the street level，he tries to find a new job.
杰克失业了，他设法找一个新的工作。
later on 后来;以后：
The two friends quarrelled with each other，but later on，they became reconciled again.
这两个朋友发生争吵，但以后他们又和解了。
laugh on the wrong side of one’s face 苦笑：
When some people congratulate a bankrupt shopkeeper that he has settled all his debts，he says nothing but only laughs on the wrong side of his face.
当有些人庆贺一位破了产的商店主人已经把他的欠债都了结了时，那位商店主人没有说话只是苦笑。
lay a bet on 对……进行打赌：
John lays a bet on the next day’s weather with his friend，if it is fine，his friend will give him a pictorial.
约翰跟他的朋友对明天的天气进行打赌，如果是个好天气，他的朋友将送给他一本画报。
lay a burden on 使……负重担：
Father’s death laid a burden on this youth，he had to provide for a large family.
父亲的去世给这个青年带来重担，他必须供养一个大家庭。
lay a finger on 触动：
Mother told her child not to lay a finger
on that dog or it would get angry and bark.
妈妈告诉她的小孩不要碰那只狗，否则它会发怒和吠叫。
lay an obligation on 使……负有义务：
Our conscience lays an obligation on us to help the poor and helpless.
我们的良心使我们负有帮助贫苦失助的人们的义务。
lay emphasis on 强调;着重;把重点放在：
Most schools lay emphasis on moral education，they think it much more important than intellectual education.
大多数学校着重德育教育，他们认为德育教育比智力教育重要得多。
lay hands on/upon 1
占有;强行攫取：
That person is so greedy that he wants to lay his hands on everything he sees.
那个人如此贪婪，他想占有每一件他所看到的东西。
2
找到：
I forget where I have put my watch and cannot lay my hands on it just now.
我忘记把手表放在哪里了，现在就是找不到。
lay hold on 握住;抓住：
When we got to the hilltop，I laid hold on my friends’ arm firmly because the hilltop was so high and I felt dizzy.
当我们登上山顶时，我紧紧地抓住我朋友的胳臂，因为山顶太高，我感到眩晕。
lay it on thick 过分恭维;过度奉承：
When a man praised a little boy to be a child prodigy，the boy’s parents were much pleased although they knew that the man had laid it on thick.
当有个人夸奖一个小孩子是神童时，那小孩的父母非常高兴，虽然他们知道这个人的恭维有些过分。
Lay not all the load on the lame horse.〈谚语〉别把担子都放在跛马上。
A shopkeeper lets a weak saleswoman do some soft job and puts heavy work to other strong salesmen because he knows the proverb that lay not all the load on the lame horse.
一位商店主人叫一位身体弱的女店员做轻活而把重活都叫身体健壮的男店员去做，因为他知道这个谚语：
别把担子都放在跛马上。
lay on 1
为建筑物接通(煤气、自来水、电等)：
This new building has been built up，but water，gas and electricity have not been laid on.
这座新楼已经建成，但尚未接通自来水、煤气和电。
2
安排;提供：
A grand ceremony has been laid on to celebrate the inauguration of that large enterprise.
已经安排了盛大仪式来庆祝那家大企业的开幕。
lay one on 〈美俚语〉给(某人)一拳：
After the rude boy laid one on his companion，he repented at once and asked for forgiveness.
那个鲁莽的孩子给他的同伴一拳以后立刻就后悔了，他请求原谅他。
lay one’s finger on 正确地指出：
Mother laid her finger on her son’s shortcomings with only a few words and asked him to correct.
母亲仅用几句话就正确地指出她儿子的缺点并要求他改正。
lay one’s hope on 寄希望于：
A poor mother brought up her child in hard life and laid her hope on him to win honour for her.
一位贫苦的妈妈含辛茹苦地把她的孩子养大并把希望寄托在他的身上给她争光。
lay one’s will on 把自己的意志强加于人：
Each man has his own will，we should not lay our will on others.
每个人都有自己的意志，我们不要把自己的意志强加于别人。
lay/put stress on/upon 把重点放在;着重：
This university laid stress on foreign languages，its graduates must be good at a foreign language at least.
这个大学注重外语，它的毕业生必须至少精于一门外语。
lay/put the blame on 归咎于;委过于：
A pedlar lost money in his business，he put the blame on customers and said that they were too hypercritical.
一个商贩做买卖赔了钱，他归咎于顾客们，说他们过于挑剔。
lay the blame on the right shoulders.
责备应受责备的人，使应该负责的人负责：
The mother is strict to her children，but she always lays the blame on the right shoulders and never on the wrong ones.
妈妈对孩子们很严格，但是她总是责备应受责备的孩子，从来不责备错了。
lay the blame on the wrong shoulders 责备不应当受责备的人;使不应负责的人负责：
Childrenin our kindergarten love their nurse because she takes them as her own children and never lays the blame on the wrong shoulders.
我们幼儿园的孩子们热爱他们的阿姨，因为阿姨爱他们像爱自己的孩子一样并且从来不责备不应受责备的孩子。
lay the bridle on the neck of 放纵;放松(某人)：
That headmaster is strict in discipline，he firmly believes that he will spoil a student if he lays the bridle on the neck of him.
那位校长纪律严格，因为他坚信，对学生们如果放纵，就会惯坏他们。
lay weight on 强调;着重(某事物)：
Knowledge and ability are important to us，but we should lay more weight on virtue.
知识和才能对我们是重要的，但是我们更应当着重道德。
lean on/upon 依靠;依赖;倚在：
Some pupils often lean on their desks when they sit，they are apt to become humpbacked after they grow up.
一些小学生们坐着的时候时常靠在书桌上，他们长大以后容易变成驼背。
let on 泄露(秘密);承认自己知道：
When the boy asked his little sister where their mother had hidden the cake，his little sister did not let on.
当那男孩问他的小妹妹，妈妈把蛋糕藏在哪里了，他的小妹妹不肯泄露秘密。
levy a tax on/upon 向……征税：
Cigarettes are harmful to our health，in order to persuade people out of smoking，we should levy a tax on them.
香烟对健康有害，为了劝阻人们不要吸烟，我们应该对香烟征税。
lie heavily on one’s conscience 使良心不安：
After he blamed his wife wrongly，it lay heavily on his conscience，so he made an apology to her and asked for her forgiveness.
他错怪了他的妻子以后，感到良心不安，于是就向妻子道歉，请求原谅。
lie heavily on one’s stomach (食物)积滞胃中;不消化：
David ate so much meat at dinner that it lay heavily on his stomach，he had to see a doctor.
大卫在宴会上吃的肉过多，积滞在胃中，他只好去请医生治。
lie on a bed of thorns 如坐针毡;坐卧不安：
Henry lay on a bed of thorns after he told a lie to his teacher，he decided to apologize to him and tell himthe truth the next day.
亨利向老师说了谎话以后坐卧不安，他决定明天向老师说实话并向老师道歉。
lie on sb’s hand(s) (商品)在某人手中未卖出;(时间)使人感到无聊：
A good deal of unsalable goods lie on his hand，he has to sell them out at a reduced price.
许多滞销商品积压在他的手中没有卖出，他必须把它们低价处理。
lie on one’s belly 匍匐;扒着：
A pampered child lay on his belly on the ground and would not stand up until his mother embraced him up.
一个娇惯的小孩趴在地上不起来，一直到她的母亲把他抱起来。
lie on the bed one has made 自作自受：
A man should be punished if he commits a serious mistake because he is lying on the bed he himself has made.
如果一个人犯严重错误，他就应当受到惩罚，因为他是自作自受。
lie on the table (议案等)被搁置;延期讨论：
Their proposal lay on the table，something had to be revised about its contents.
他们的议案被延期讨论，该议案的一些内容有待修改。
lie on/upon 1
是……的责任：
As the scheme is worked out by him，it lies on him to make a detailed explanation about it.
由于该方案是由他制订的，所以对该方案做详细说明是他的责任。
2
依靠;视……而定：
His life lies on an operation，he may live if this operation succeeds.
他的生命依靠一次手术，如果这个手术成功，他就可以活下去。
light on / upon 偶然遇到;偶然发现：
A palaeontologist lighted on a fish fossil on a mountain top，through study he concluded that this mountain was the bottom of a prehistorical ocean.
一位古生物学家在一个山顶偶然发现一块鱼化石，经过研究他断定这个山是史前时期一个大洋的洋底。
like a cat on hot bricks 如热锅上的蚂蚁;焦躁不安：
When he heard the bad news，he was like a cat on hot bricks and did not know what to do.
当他听到这坏消息后，他焦躁不安，不知怎么办是好。
line upon line 一排一排地;一行一行地：
That student examined his composition line upon line until he was sure there were no wrongly written or mispronounced characters in it.
那学生一行一行地检查他的作文，一直到他确信里面没有错别字为止。
live / go on the loose 花天酒地;放荡：
An upright man never lives on the loose，on the contrary，he shows contempt for and condemns such a way of living.
一位正直的人绝不会花天酒地，相反地，他鄙视和谴责那样的生活方式。
live on 1
靠……生活;靠……维持地位或名誉：
The poor mother and her children lived on her sewing and some casual tasks.
贫穷的母亲和她的孩子们靠她的针线活和一些临时工作生活。
2
以……为主食：
There is no grain growing on that island，the inhabitants there live on wild fruits and wild animals.
那个岛上不生长粮食，当地居民们以野生果实和野兽为主食。
live on charity 靠周济过日子：
These people live on charity，we should show sympathy for them and try our best to help them.
这些人靠周济过日子，我们应当同情和尽一切可能帮助他们。
live on flesh 以肉食为生：
Animals living on flesh are usually fiercer than those living on grass.
以肉食为生的动物通常比以草食为生的动物凶猛。
live on one’s own fat 吃老本：
The man refused to work any more，he wanted to live on his own fat.
那人拒绝再工作，他想吃老本。
live on one’s own hump 自食其力：
When George has grown up，he refuses to depend upon his parents for his living and lives on his own hump.
当乔治长大以后，他拒绝依靠父母生活，他自食其力。
live on one’s reputation 靠好的名声过活：
This famous tailor is behind the times，he can not make fashionable dress but only old-fashioned ones，he lives on his former reputation now.
这位著名的裁缝已经落在时代后面，他不会做时髦服装，只能做过时的式样，他现在靠过去的好名声过活。
lock on to 用雷达波束自动跟踪(目标)：
In their experiment，they send up some toy planes to the sky and lock on to them to see whether this new technique can be put to practical use.
在实验中，他们把一些玩具飞机放到空中，然后用雷达波束自动跟踪，看看这项新技术是否实用。
look back on/to 追思;回顾：
All sorts of feelings went up in that old man’s heart when he looked back on the course of life he had passed.
当那位老人回顾自己所走过的人生旅程时，他不禁百感交集。
look down on / upon 轻视;瞧不起：
The youth begins to look down upon others when he achieves some success in his work.
当那青年在工作上取得一些成功时，他开始轻视别人。
look on 旁观;观望;(与别人)合看：
When John and his friends play hide-and-seek，other children look on them instead of joining.
当约翰和他的朋友们玩捉迷藏游戏的时候，别的孩子们只是旁观而不参加。
look on the bright/sunny side of things 对事物抱乐观态度：
Although we have failed，we still look on the bright side of things and never get discouraged.
虽然我们失败了，但是我们仍然抱乐观态度毫不气馁。
look on the dark side of things 对事物抱悲观态度：
We ask our friend to bestir himself，for he often looks on the dark side of things.
我们请求我们的朋友振作起来，因为他时常对事物抱悲观态度。
look on to (指地点、房间等)有……之景观;面临：
Architects are making a drawing to build a villa which looks on to the sea.
建筑师们正在绘制建筑图，建筑一所面临大海的别墅。
look on/upon sb/sth as 把某人、某事物看做、视为：
That proud man looked upon himself as an expert but，in fact，he knew nothing about technical affairs.
那个骄傲的人把自己视为专家，但实际上他对技术事务一窃不通。
look on/upon sb/sth with 以……态度看待某人、某事物：
We are sorry to say that the chief engineer often looks upon us with contempt.
我们很遗憾地说，那位总工程师时常看不起我们。
lose out on 〈口语〉输去;未能占上风：
That champion team lost out on the game owing to their pride and too much self-confidence，thus ended up their title of championship.
那个冠军队由于骄傲和过分自信，在比赛中失败，因而断送了他们的冠军称号。
lot on / upon 指望;期待：
We must not lot on others to help us，we should accomplish our work through our own effort.
我们不应指望别人来帮助我们，我们应当凭自己的努力来完成工作。
make a feast on / upon 大吃;饱吃：
People like to make a feast upon instant-boiled mutton in winter because it is both delicious and warm.
人们在冬天喜欢大吃涮羊肉，因为它既好吃又暖和。
make comment on/upon 对……评论He is a stem critic，he often makes severe comment on dramatic and literary works.
他是个严厉的评论家，他时常对戏剧作品文学作品做严厉的评论。
make sb’s hair stand on end 使……毛骨悚然：
There is suddenly a woman’s shriek at midnight，this makes his hair stand on end.
半夜时忽然有一个妇女尖声喊叫，这使得他毛骨悚然。
make / keep a book on sth 在某件事上打赌：
They make a book on tomorrow’s weather，the winner will enjoy a dinner at the loser’s expense.
他们就明天的天气打赌，输的人请赢的人吃一顿饭。
Money spent on the brain is never spent in vain.〈谚语〉用在教育上的钱决不是虚掷。
The parents decide to send all their children to the university because they know that money spent on the brain is never spent in vain.
父母决定叫他们所有的孩子们都上大学，因为他们知道，用在教育上的钱决不是虚掷。
move on 1
转移(到新事物)：
The student has reviewed chapter one，now he moves on to chaptertwo.
这学生已经复习完第一章，他现在进而复习第二章。
2
继续前进;不停：
Numerous pedestrians stopped to see a road accident and thus blocked the traffic，policemen asked them to move on.
许多行人停下来观看一场交通事故，因而妨碍了交通，警察请他们继续往前走，不要停。
muddle on /along 漫无目的地瞎混;敷衍：
These dandies do not strive to make progress，they only muddle on addleheadedly.
这些花花公子不求上进，他们只是昏天黑地地瞎混。
muse on / upon 沉思;默想：
An astronomer is musing on what shape life would take if there should be life on other planets in the Milky Way System.
一位天文学家正在沉思，如果银河系其他行星上真有生命存在的话，他们会采取什么形式存在呢?
my word upon it 〈旧用法〉我承诺了：
A businessman signed his name onthe contract and said，“My word upon it.
”一位商人在合同上签了字并且说道：
“我承诺了”。
not a stitch on 赤裸：
When a chubby baby stands there smiling and with not a stitch on，it is really a masterpiece of sculpture by nature.
当一个肥胖的婴儿站在那里微笑，全身赤裸，那真是大自然的一幅雕塑的杰作。
not grow on every hedge 〈口语〉稀有;少有：
Have you ever admired a total solar eclipse? It is really magnificent，but it does not grow on every hedge.
你欣赏过日全蚀吗? 那真是壮观至极，但日全蚀是很少有的。
not harm a hair on sb’s head 毫不伤害：
Don’t be afraid，the tiger has been tamed，it will not harm a hair on your head.
不要害怕，这只老虎已经被驯服了，它丝毫不会伤害你。
not have a dry stitch on 浑身湿透：
We are caught in a downpour，when we have run home，we do not have a dry stitch on.
我们被一场暴雨淋了，跑到家里时，浑身都湿透了。
not on any condition 决不;无论如何也不：
The branch office has informed us that they would not sign that contract on any condition.
分公司已经通知我们，他们决不签署那份合同。
not on any terms或on no terms决不;无论如何也不：
We should never build our own welfare on other’s suffering，for it is immoral and abject.
我们决不应该把自己的幸福建立于别人的痛苦之上，因为那是不道德的和卑鄙的。
not on borrowing terms with sb不友好;没有交情：
John never sought for help from Tom because they were not on borrowing terms with each other.
约翰从未请汤姆帮助过他，因为他们二人没有交情。
not the only pebble on the beach并非独一无二;不是惟一机会：
You may not accept this post if you do not like it，it is not the only pebble on the beach.
如果你不喜欢这个工作位置，你可以不必接受它，那并不是惟一的机会。
not to be named on the same day with 与……不可同日而语;比……差得多：
The scientific and technological level of developing countries is not to be named on the same day with that of developed countries.
发展中国家的科学技术水平与发达国家的科学技术水平不可同日而语。
not to put too fine a point upon it〈作插入语〉坦率地说;直截了当地说：
Not to put too fine a point upon it，your team is by far inferior to them in skill and experience.
坦率地说，你们队在技艺和经验上比他们差得太远了。
offer sb congratulations on/upon为(某事)向某人庆贺：
We offer him congratulations on his old father’s eightieth birthday.
我们向他庆贺他老父亲的八十岁大寿。
offer/place/put a premium on诱发;鼓励：
Does high taxation put a premium on business dishonesty? 重税是否诱发做买卖不规矩?
on a big/large scale 大规模地：
Industry and commerce have been developed on a large scale in that country since its independence.
自从那个国家获得独立以来，他们大规模地发展工商业。
on sb’s account 为了某人之故：
He removed to the seaside on his wife’s account，who had just been discharged from hospital and needed thorough recuperation.
为了妻子的缘故，他搬到海滨去，他的妻子刚出院，需要彻底疗养。
on account of 因为;由于：
Our director was absent on account of illness，his secretary acted on his behalf.
我们的主任因病没有上班，一切由他的秘书代他办理。
on active service 服现役：
George is on active service in the army，so his family is given preferential treatment in every respect by the local government.
乔治在陆军中服现役，所以当地政府在各方面对他的家庭给以照顾。
on sb’s advice 依照某人的劝告：
Our director has carried out thorough personnel reorganization on some experts’ advice.
按照一些专家的劝告我们主任已经对人事进行了彻底的改组。
on a fifty-fifty basis 平分;对等：
No matter how much money their shop makes or loses in business，these two partners will bear it on a fifty-fifty basis.
无论商店赚或赔多少钱，这两个合伙人都要平均分担。
on a...kick 〈俚语〉全神贯注于一新活动;正迷恋于某活动：
This old man is on a health-food kick so as to be healthy in his old age.
这位老人正迷恋于保健健康食品，以便使自己在老年时期身体健康。
on a level with 和……同一水准;和……处于同等地位：
Our product is on a level with that of large and advanced factories both in quality and in appearance.
我们的产品无论在质量上和外观上都和先进大厂的产品处于同一水平。
on all cylinders 竭尽全力地(做某事)：
No one blames the young man for his failure because he has done his part on all cylinders.
没有人为了那青年的失败而责备他，因为他已经竭尽全力地做了他的本职工作。
on all fours 匍匐;趴着;完全相似(或一致)：
Babies cannot stand and walk steadily，so they often creep on all fours.
婴儿们不能站稳走稳，所以他们时常匍匐着爬行。
on all hands或on every hand 向四周;向四面八方：
When a hunting dog chases a flock of sheep，the sheep run away on all hands.
当猎犬追逐羊群时，羊向四面八方奔逃。
on all sides或on every side 到处;从各方：
On the birthday of that old scientist，congratulation letters and telegrams came in on all sides.
那位老科学家生日的那一天，贺信和电报从各方发来。
on a long view 往长远处看：
That youth suffered a lot in his childhood，this，on a long view，might not be a bad thing，for it tempered him to struggle.
arduously after he grew up.
那个青年在童年时受了很多苦，这从长远处看可能不是坏事，因为这锻炼他长大以后艰苦奋斗。
on alternate days 每隔一天：
As he is busy with his work，he can only goes to see his mother on alternate days.
因为他忙于工作，所以只能每隔一日去看母亲一次。
on and on 继续不停地：
The pupils read their text loudly on and on until their old teacher grows tired and falls asleep.
小学生们继续不停地高声读他们的课文，一直到他们的老教师听厌睡着了。
on an equal footing 以平等地位：
We treat them on an equal footing though they are inferior to us in post and age.
虽然他们在职位上和年龄上都不如我们，我们仍然以平等地位对待他们。
on an/the average 平均而言;按照平均标准：
On an average，a man can walk about five kilometers or run ten kilometers an hour.
平均而言，一个人每小时能走大约五千米，或是跑十千米。
on any account 无论如何：
We should never speak ill about others behind their back on any account，for it is not open and aboveboard.
无论如何我们也不要背后说人坏话，因为那是不光明磊落的。
on any showing 从任何角度看：
We should refrain from that action because it is immoral on any showing to do like that.
我们不要采取那种行动，因为从任何角度看，那样做都是不道德的。
on a pinch 在困难中：
Dick has many reliable friends，whenever he is on a pinch，they will come to help him.
狄克有许多可靠的朋友，他无论何时遇到困难他们就来帮助他。
on a platter 1
用盘子奉上：
This delicious fish was served on a platter so that it might be put in front of the distinguished guest.
这条美味的鱼是用盘子奉上的，以便可以放在贵宾的面前。
2
现成的;不费力的：
Their service is on a platter and can be called at any hour.
他们的服务是现成的，随叫随到。
on application (如果)申请：
As an advertisement，their machine manual can be got by anyone on application.
他们机器的说明书是一种广告，任何人申请都可以得到。
on a razor’s edge 在锋口上;处境危急：
Alice is on a razor’s edge，some naughty boys are teasing her，we must go to her rescue at once.
爱丽丝处境危急，一些顽皮的孩子正在戏弄她，我们必须立刻去解救她。
on arrival 在到达的时候：
On their arrival people all went out and lined the streets to welcome them.
当他们到达时，人们都出来夹道欢迎。
on a shoestring 〈美口语〉小本钱地;以极少的资金：
Their business was opened on a shoestring originally，now it has become a large enterprise.
他们的买卖起初是用极少的资金开办的，现在已经变成一个大企业。
on a short view 往近处看;只顾眼前：
We advise Adam to accept this post，for he can make a living on a short view.
我们建议亚当接受这个职位，因为就眼前来说他可以借此谋生。
on a small scale 小规模地：
Their laboratory is now on a small scale，but they plan to develop it into a large scientific research institute.
他们的实验室现在规模很小，但是他们计划把它发展成一个大的科学研究所。
on a stretch 一口气;不停歇地：
We are all in good health，so we can follow these mountaineers and climb to the mountain top on a stretch.
我们身体都很好，所以我们能跟随这些登山队员们一口气爬到山顶。
on a vast scale 大规模地：
They are now expanding their factory on a vast scale，it will soon become a large metallurgical base.
他们现在正在大规模地扩充他们的工厂，不久这工厂将成为一个大的冶金基地。
on behalf of或on sb’s behalf 为了……的缘故;代表：
This hospital builds a large building on behalf of its in-patients so that they may receive better medical treatment during their hospitalization.
这家医院为了住院病人盖了一所大楼，以便在他们住院期间可以得到更好的医疗。
on bended knees 屈膝(以恳求)：
The son begged for forgiveness on bended knees before his old mother that he was going to a far-away land to work and could not attend on her at home.
儿子跪在老母亲面前请求宽恕，因为他将要到远地工作，不能在家中侍奉她。
on board 1
在船上：
Passengers are all on board，the ship is going to start.
乘客都已上船，轮船即将开航。
2
在飞机上：
There are more than a hundred passengers on board the air-liner.
在该班机上共有一百多位乘客。
3
〈美〉在公共汽车上：
There is an old lady on board the bus，she stands there strenuously but no one offers his seat to her.
公共汽车上有一位老太太，她吃力地站在那里，但没一个人让座。
on business 公干;因公;有事：
The man in charge asked that stranger，“Are you here on business or for pleasure?”主管人员问那个陌生人：
“你到这里是办公还是为了游玩?”
on certain conditions 以某些条件;在某些条件下：
Their manager wrote a letter to us，saying that he would make a contract with us on certain conditions.
他们的经理给我们写来一封信，信中说他将在某些条件下跟我们签订合同。
once upon a time (常用于故事开头)从前：
Once upon a time，there was a beautiful princess，whose name was Lily.
从前有一位美丽的公主，她的名字叫莉莉。
on completion of 在完成(某事)以后;在完成某事时：
This reverend old man died satisfactorily on completion of his duty in life.
这位可敬的老人在完成他人生的责任以后满意地死了。
(do sth) on correct lines 用正确的方法(做某事)：
Joseph does his work on correct lines so he finishes it easily and quickly.
约瑟以正确的方法做他的工作，所以他完成得又容易又快。
on delicate ground 处境微妙：
The situation is on delicate ground，we should handle it with prudence.
形势很微妙，我们要慎重处理。
on delivery 交货时;送达时：
They examined the quantity and quality of our goods on delivery and gave us a receipt after examination.
在交货时他们检验了我们货物的数量和质量，检验完毕以后给了我们一个收据。
on duty 当班;值班(与off duty相对)：
This policeman is on duty tonight，he is now patrolling along the streets.
这个警察今夜当班，他现在正沿街巡逻。
on each occasion 每一次：
They are kind people and we have a friendly talk with them on each occasion.
他们是和善的人，我们每次都跟他们友好地交谈。
on earth 1
在地球上;在人间;在世界上：
Which do you think is the largest continent on earth，Asia，Africa or America? 你认为哪个洲是世界上最大的大陆，亚洲，非洲或美洲?2
到底;究竟(加强语气词，与what，where，why，how等疑问词连用)：
Where on earth have you gone? We have not seen you all the afternoon.
你究竟是到哪里去了?我们整个下午都没有看见你。
on easy street 生活优裕：
The shopkeeper is now on easy street，for his shop has become prosperous and made large profit.
那店主人现在生活优裕，因为他的商店已经兴旺起来并获得很大利润。
on easy terms (指买汽车、家具等)分期付款：
That youth buys a car and furniture on easy terms，he is preparing for his marriage.
那个青年以分期付款的方式购买了汽车和家具，他是给结婚作准备。
on edge 1
竖着;直立着：
If you want to put an egg on edge，you must be highly skillful.
如果你想把一个鸡蛋立着放着，你必须有高度技巧。
2
急躁;紧张不安：
Mother was on edge because her boy was very impolite to a neighbour granny.
妈妈急了，因为她的男孩对一位邻居老奶奶非常不礼貌。
3
急切;热切：
Charles was on edge to go to the cinema with his girl friend，but she denied him.
查理急于想跟他的女友一块去看电影，但是他的女友拒绝了。
on either hand 从(两方的)每一方;向(两方的)每一方：
After performance，people went out of the theatre and dispersed on either hand of the road.
表演结束后，人们走出剧场，向马路的每一方散去。
on either side 1
在(两边的)任何一边：
You may take seat on either side of the meeting table.
你可以在会议桌的任何一边就坐。
2
在两边都：
In order to welcome our distinguished guests，we have put flowers on either side of the road.
为了迎接我们的贵宾，我们已经在马路的两边都放上花。
(do sth)on sb else’s terms 照旁人的意见或决定(去做某事)：
We are but ordinary staff members in that company，we must do everything on somebody else’s terms.
我们在那家公司只不过是一般职工，我们无论做什么事都必须按照别人的决定去做。
on end 1
直立着：
Little Tom asked his sister to help him because hetried to place his roly-poly on end but failed.
小汤姆试图把他的不倒翁直立着放起，但是失败了，所以他请姐姐帮忙。
2
连续：
Louis can dance day and night on end，this makes all his companions much astonished.
路易能够日夜不停地连续跳舞，这使得他的所有同伴们非常吃惊。
on equal terms with 与……平等;与……平等相处：
Men，whether rich or poor，should be on equal terms with one another in association.
人无论贫富，在交往上都应当互相平等。
one’s gorge rises on 见了就作呕;极端厌恶：
Our gorge rises on the ugly performance they made in fawning on rich people.
我们极端厌恶他们谄媚富人的丑态。
on even board with 1
(指船)与……齐舷并进：
Followed by many small boats，the two big ships sailed on even board with each other on the river.
两艘大轮船在河中齐舷并进，后面跟随着许多小船。
2
(指工作、环境等)在和……同样条件下：
Our workshop did the work on even board with another workshop to see which could finish first.
我们车间与另一车间在同样条件下做这工作，看谁能首先完成。
on even ground 在同样的基础上：
They started on even ground，but their results were quite different.
他们在同样的基础上开始，但结果却很不相同。
on every account 无论如何：
We should finish the task next week on every account，our director has urged us several times for it.
我们无论如何也要在下个星期完成这项工作，我们的厂长已经为此催了我们好几次了。
on every hand 从四面八方;向四面八方：
People came on every hand to see the performance of a famous theatrical troupe.
人们从四面八方来看一个有名剧团的表演。
on file 合订成册保存;归档：
Important business letters should not be discarded after reading，they should be put on file.
重要的业务信函阅过以后不要乱扔，要把它们归档。
on fire 着火;失火：
Owing to dry weather，a haystack was on fire at night，villagers all got up and hurried to put it out.
由于天气干燥，干草堆夜里着火了，村里人们都起来赶忙把火扑灭。
on firm ground 在坚固的基础上：
That enterprise was laid on firm ground，so its business was advancing full steam ahead.
那家企业建基于坚固的基础上，所以它的业务蒸蒸日上。
on foot 1
步行：
to go somewhere on foot/by bus/by car/by tram/by air步行、乘公共汽车、乘汽车、乘电车、乘飞机去往某地。
2
已经开始;在进行中：
The project to build a tunnel through the mountain has been on foot.
穿过大山建一条隧道的计划已经开始。
on further acquaintance 经过一段结识以后：
On further acquaintance，we began to know that he was an artist，good at drawing mountains-andwaters paintings.
经过一段结识以后，我们开始知道，他是一位画家，精于山水画。
on guard 在岗上;提防着;戒备着;预防：
We are told to be on guard against catching cold and influenza when we go out，especially old men and children.
我们被告知，出去时要预防伤风感冒，特别是老年人和儿童。
on hand 1
在手边;可用;握有：
Their enterprise has on hand a large sum of money，which is kept for possible urgent need.
他们企业握有大笔现金备作紧急需用。
2
〈美〉即将发生;在场;到场：
Reorganization is on hand in our company，some personnel will change their posts.
我们公司即将进行改组，一些人员将要改变职位。
on sb’s hands 1
在某人手里：
This shopkeeper got a batch of canned pork and mutton on his hands.
这位商店主人手中有一批罐头猪肉和罐头羊肉。
2
由某人负责照管、管理：
That nurse has many patients on her hands，so she must work till very late at night.
那位护士有许多病人要照管，所以她必须工作到深夜。
on high 在高处;在天空;在天上：
Children are very glad to see that there are innumerable colourful balloons flying on high.
孩子们看到天空有无数彩色气球飞舞，非常高兴。
on holiday 在度假;在休假中：
There are numerous visitors on the seashore，they all come here on holiday.
在海滨上有许多游客，他们都是来这里度假的。
on its merits 按事情的是非曲直;按实质：
We should not judge things according to our own subjective like or unlike，we should judge them on their merits.
我们不应当以我们自己的主观好恶来判断事物，我们应当按照它们本身的是非曲直去判断它们。
on lease 以租借方式：
They have got a piece of land on lease，they will build a factory on it.
他们以租借方式得到一块土地，他们将在它上面建筑工厂。
on leave 在告假中：
My colleague is on leave，he has returned to his hometown to see his parents.
我的同事请假了，他已经回到老家去看望他的父母。
on sb’s mind 压在某人心上;挂虑：
Although her children are all in a far-away land，they are always on her mind.
虽然她的孩子们都在异国他乡，但她总是在挂念着他们。
on momentary enthusiasm 凭一时的热情：
These youths often do things on momentary enthusiasm，so most of their tasks are given up halfway.
这些青年常凭一时的热情去做事，所以他们大部分工作都是半途而废。
on more scores than one 为了种种理由：
A chief accountant asked his manager to make concession on more scores than one，his manager agreed.
总会计师为了种种理由要求经理让步，经理同意了。
on no account或not on any account 无论如何也不;决不：
We will not follow his example on any account，he has forfeited all his reputation for that.
我们决不仿照他的榜样，他因那样做而丧失了全部名誉。
on no condition 在任何情况下也不;决不：
On no condition should we do anything against our co nscience，this is the most fundamental principle for us.
在任何情况下我们也不做违背良心的事，这是我们最基本的原则。
on occasion 1
间或;有时：
My friends came to my house on occasion，we would have a chat over a bottle.
我的朋友们间或来我家，我们就喝酒聊天。
2
得便时：
Please come over to my office on occasion，we will talk about this thoroughly.
请在得便时来我的办公室，我们彻底谈谈这件事。
on offer 在出售中;供出售的：
This shop together with its goods is on offer，we have heard that Mr Grey has a mind to buy it.
这家商店连同它的货物供出售，我们已经听说格雷先生有意要买它。
on one’s back 仰面向上;朝天：
A little child slipped down and fell on his back，his mother helped him up hastily.
一个小孩滑倒了，摔个仰面朝天，他的母亲连忙把他扶起来。
on one’s head 〈口语〉倒立;轻而易举：
They think such work difficult，but I can do it on my head.
他们认为这样的工作难做，但是我能轻而易举地完成它。
on one side...，on the other...
一方面……，另一方面……：
On one side，you should try hard yourself，on the other，we will help you with might and main.
一方面，你们自己要努力，另一方面，我们将尽全力帮助你们。
on one’s knees 1
跪着;跪下：
It is our custom for children to be on their knees before their parents and wish them a happy new year in the Spring Festival.
我们的风俗是，在春节时孩子们给他们的父母下跪拜年。
2
卑躬屈膝地：
The man is apathetic towards worldly affairs，he never shows arrogance to others and also never flatters others on his knees.
这个人对于世俗的事很淡漠，他从来不以傲慢态度待人，同时也从不卑躬屈膝地谄媚别人。
on one’s own 〈口语〉1
独自：
A hermit went into wild mountains to wander in the large forest on his own.
一位隐士独自走入深山，漫游于大森林中。
2
无需帮助地;靠自己地：
I cannot carry so many pieces of luggage on my own，they are too heavy.
我不能独自携带这么多件行李，他们太重了。
on one’s own account 1
为了自己的缘故;为了自己的利益：
We all think the man too impetuous，for he runs such a risk on his own account and on account of his family.
我们都认为那个人太冲动，因为他为了他自己和他的家庭的缘故，竟然冒这样的险。
2
自行负责：
There is no connection between us two，everything he does will be on his own account.
我们两人之间没有任何关系，他所做的每一件事由他自行负责。
on one’s own admission 根据某人自己的承认：
They have done something inappropriate to George on their own admission and they want very much to make an apology to him.
他们自己承认对乔治做了一些不合适的事，他们非常想向乔治道歉。
on one’s own bat 〈口语〉独自做;依靠自己的力量：
This young engineer is an expert in technology，he has designed many complicated machines on his own bat.
这位年轻的工程师是一位技术专家，他已经独自设计了许多复杂的机器。
on one’s own hook 〈美口语〉自做自当地;自担风险地：
In spite of other’s advice，that businessman decided to engage in an adventurous investment，of course，he did this on his own hook.
不顾别人劝告，那位商人决定从事一个有风险的投资业务，他这样做当然是自担风险的。
on one’s own initiative 主动自发地;不求助外力：
These old men set up a service centre on their own initiative，they will do various services to society through this center.
这些老年人主动自发地建立了一个服务社，他们将通过这个服务社对社会做各种服务工作。
on one’s own responsibility 自负全责地(做某事)：
Through careful consideration，an engineer decided to change the design of a product on his own responsibility，he would pay compensation for this himself if it should fail.
经过深思熟虑，一位工程师决定自负全责地变更一个产品的设计，如果结果失败，他将包赔损失。
on one’s own showing 如某人自己所透露的：
On his own showing，John has passed numerous difficulties and obstacles before he achieves his goal.
正如约翰自己所透露的，在他达到目的以前，他曾经历了许多艰难险阻。
on one’s own terms 照自己的意见或决定(去做某事)：
He is a man of resolution，once he makes up his mind，he will do anything on his own terms.
他是个意志坚定的人，一旦决定做某件事，他就按照自己的决定去做。
on one’s own time 在工作以外的时间，在非工作时间：
George is a youth who refuses to stay idle，he often digs into some devices on his own time.
乔治是个闲不住的青年，他时常在工作以外的时间钻研一些器件。
on one’s part 至于某人;在某人方面;对某人说来：
On my part，I will resign my post and go to some university to enrich my knowledge.
至于我，我将辞去工作去上大学，以充实我的知识。
on one’s toes 〈口语〉随时警觉的;准备行动的：
Fire fighters are on their toes，they can put out any fire as soon as possible no matter where it happens.
消防人员随时保持警觉，他们能尽快扑灭任何火灾，无论火灾发生在哪里。
on one’s word of honour 以名誉担保：
That businessman tells his creditor that he will pay the debt within a month on his word of honour.
那位商人告诉他的债权人说，他以名誉担保在一个月内一定偿还欠债。
on pain of 如不做某事则受;违反则受(某种处罚)：
The stern father asked his naughty child to obey his words on pain of physical punishment.
严格的父亲要求他的顽皮孩子听话，否则要受体罚。
on paper 理论上的(地);未经实践考验的(地)：
This plan seems all right on paper，but we cannot be sure it will work.
这项计划在理论上似乎很好，但是我们不敢肯定在实际上它是否行得通。
on pins and needles 如坐针毡;坐立不安：
Adam is on pins and needles，he has failed in the examination and his mother will surely scold him for this.
亚当坐立不安，他考试不及格，他的母亲肯定要责骂他。
on present showing 就现在情况而论：
On present showing，this company has become a large enterprise and made plentiful profit，it was once heavily in debt.
就现在情况而论，这家公司已经发展成一个大企业，获得丰厚的利润，它过去曾一度负很多的债。
on principle 根据信念;由于道德上的动机：
He refused on principle to do anything which would benefit himself at the expense of others.
他由于道德上的动机拒绝做任何损人利己的事。
on purpose 故意地;蓄意地：
Sometimes the chubby baby would fall down on purpose so as to let his mother hold him in arms.
有时这个胖小孩竟然故意跌倒在地以便叫他的妈妈抱他。
on record 1
(指事实或事件)被记载下来的;有案可查的：
The temperature is twenty degrees of frost outside，it is the coldest winter on record.
室外温度达到零下20度，这是有记录以来最冷的冬天。
2
(指人)公开说过(就如同被记载下来一样)：
This arrogant person was put on record as having said that he was a great scientist.
大家都知道这位狂妄的人曾经公开说过他是一个大科学家。
on reflection 熟虑以后;考虑以后：
On reflection，he decided to buy a fur coat for his wife as her birthday gift.
经过熟思以后，他决定给他的妻子买一件皮大衣作为她的生日礼物。
on relief 接受救济的：
These people have lost their homes in a flood，they are now on relief.
这些人在一次水灾中失去家园，他们现在接受救济。
on sale 出售的;待售的：
Various dress for ladies and gentlemen are on sale in that store，people all go there to buy.
那家商店出售各种男女服装，人们都去购买。
on sale or return 剩货可退;无法销售可以退货：
Our factory sells its products on sale or return，retailers all wish to buy.
我们工厂采用剩货可退的办法销售产品，零售商们都愿意购买。
on schedule 按照预定进度：
Through common efforts of workers and technical personnel，this engineering is completed on schedule.
经过工人和技术人员们的共同努力，该项工程按照预定进度准时完成。
on second thought 经过重新考虑：
On second thought，Mr.
White decided to give his wife money instead of buying a gift to her.
经过重新考虑，怀特先生决定不给他妻子买礼物而是把钱给她。
on service 在职;在役：
Although these old men are already over seventy，they are still on service owing to good health.
虽然这些老年人已经年过七旬，由于身体健康他们仍然在职工作。
on shanks’s mare 徒步;步行：
Something goes wrong with our car midway，we have to ride to our company on shanks’s mare.
我们的汽车在半路上出了毛病，我们不得不步行到我们的公司。
on short time 开工不足;部分时间开工：
Factories in the torrid zone are often in operation on short time for hot weather or lack of water.
热带地区的工厂时常由于天气炎热或缺水而部分时间开工。
on sight 一看见(立刻就)：
Patients suffering from hydrophobia would go mad at once on sight of water.
患恐水病的病人一看见水立刻就发疯。
on sound lines 用正确或良好的方法(做某事)：
Our engineer often does his designs on sound lines，so he completes them both nicely and quickly.
我们的工程师时常以良好的方法做他的设计工作，所以他完成得又快又好。
on sure ground 确实;有充分的理由：
When David makes a criticism to his friends，he does it on sure ground，so they take it fully convinced.
当大卫向他的朋友们提出批评时，他批评得充分有理，所以他们心悦诚服地接受。
on tap 1
随时可自龙头中放出的(指啤酒等)：
There is plenty of beer on tap，we may drink to our heart’s content.
有充足的啤酒可以从桶里放出，我们可以开怀畅饮。
2
就在手边的;可随时取用的：
By the way you buy new dress，you would think we had money on tap.
看你那样买新衣服，你以为我们家的钱花多少有多少。
on that condition 在那种情况下;在那种条件下：
We lived happily on that condition because they treated us as affectionately as they did to their own family members.
在那种情况下，我们生活得非常快活，因为他们对待我们就像对待他们自己的亲人一样。
on that score 由于那个原因;由于那个缘故：
These young men have always been diligent and sincere since they came to our factory，on that score，we all like to associate with them.
这些青年自从来到我们工厂以后，一直是又勤勉又诚恳，因此我们都喜欢跟他们交往。
on that / this account 由于那个(这个)原因、缘故：
Jack gives special care to Alice in every possible way，the intimacy between them grows with each passing day on this account.
杰克对爱丽丝的照顾无微不至，因此他们之间的亲密程度与日俱增。
on the addition of 一增添;一加添：
On the addition of sulphuric acid，a chemical reaction takes place at once and gas bubbles up from the solution.
一放入硫酸，立刻发生化学变化，气体从溶液中冒泡升起。
on the air 正在广播(指广播电台)：
The radio station is on the air，we all listen to its radio play.
电台正在广播，我们都听它广播的广播剧。
on the analogy of 由……类推：
Solid substances melt when heated to a certain degree，on the analysis of this，glass must also melt when heated to a certain degree.
固体物质加热到一定程度就要融化，依此类推，玻璃加热到一定程度也要融化。
on the assumption that 假定;假设：
What would you do on the assumption that you see a man falling into a river? 假设你看见一个人掉入河中，你将怎么办?
on the back of 在……的后面：
On the back of that mountain there is an orchard where various fruit-trees are planted.
在那座山的后面有一个果园，园中种着各种果树。
on the basis of 建基于;以……为根据：
Scientific forecasts are all on the basis of mathematical calculation，without calculation there will be no forecast.
科学的预测都建基于数学运算，没有运算就没有预测。
on the berth 停泊：
There are several ships on the berth in this harbour，they will sail out after they are loaded.
这个港口里有几只轮船停泊，装完货以后他们就将驶出。
on the book 列于名簿上;作会员：
We are all on the book of a fishing club because we all like fishing ardently.
我们都是一个钓鱼俱乐部的会员，因为我们都酷爱钓鱼。
on the border between 介于……之间的境地：
That poet is now on the border between fantasy and reality，wonderful poems will soon occur in his mind.
那位诗人现在正处于幻想和现实之间的境地，绝妙的诗作不久即将出现于他的心中。
on the border of 1
将要;濒临于;正要：
If a man does not take other’s correct advice，he is on the border of making mistakes.
如果一个人不接受别人的正确建议，他就将要犯错误。
2
在……的边缘：
On the border of a large lake there is a small fishing village.
在一个大湖的边缘有一个小渔村。
on the brink of 1
将要;濒临于;正要：
That old man is on the brink of the grave，he has been seriously ill for a long time and cannot be cured.
那位老人行将入土，他已患重病很长时间不能治愈。
2
在……的边缘：
Tourists are standing on the brink of a precipice，they are fearful when they look down towards a bottomless valley.
旅游者们正站在一个悬崖的边缘，当他们往下面无底的山谷张望时，感到很害怕。
on the broad grin 咧着嘴大笑：
People were all on the broad grin when they listened to comic dialogues of some famous comedians.
当人们听几个著名的喜剧演员表演的相声时，他们都咧嘴大笑。
on the cards 可能的：
A fortuneteller told a businessman it was on the cards that he would make a lot of money and become rich.
一位算命先生告诉一位商人，他可能赚一大笔钱变成富人。
on the carpet 〈口语〉1
在审议中;在研究中：
His suggestion is on the carpet，we all think it to be just and comprehensive.
他的建议正在审议中，我们都认为该建议公允而详尽。
2
受训斥;受责骂：
Mother had her naughty child on the carpet，for the child often pulled a cat’s tail and made the cat much frightened.
妈妈责骂她淘气的孩子，因为这个孩子时常拉小猫的尾巴，使得小猫非常害怕。
on the chance of 怀着……的希望;期望：
Jim wrote a letter of apology to Alice on the chance of winning back her friendship to him.
吉姆给爱丽丝写了一封道歉的信，期望能挽回爱丽丝对他的友谊。
on the chance that 怀着……的希望;期望(后面接从句)：
This connoisseur often went to the flea market on the chance that he might run across some ancient paintings and buy them cheaply.
这位鉴赏家时常去逛跳蚤市场，期望能够碰到一些古画并贱价买下。
on the cheap 便宜地;低价地：
Daisy is a good buyer，she often buys things on the cheap in markets and shops.
黛西善于买东西，在市场和商店里她时常买到便宜的东西。
on the coast 在海岸上：
This is a village on the coast，most of its villagers live on fishery.
海岸上有一个村庄，它的大部分村民都以捕鱼为生。
on the contrary 相反地;反之：
We expect that they will do something against us，but on the contrary，they help us in every respect.
我们预想，他们将做一些反对我们的事情，但是，相反地，他们在各方面都帮助我们。
on the crest of a wave 在某人最得意的时刻：
An old man asked that youth never to get confused and disoriented when he was on the crest of a wave.
一位老人要求那个青年当他春风得意的时候千万别晕头转向。
on the cross 斜着：
The tailor told a girl that her dress material would look more beautiful if it was cut on the cross.
裁缝告诉一位姑娘，如果她的外衣料子斜着裁就显得更美丽。
on the decline 在衰退中;开始凋敝：
His health is on the decline since he suffered from a chronic disease.
自从他患慢性病以来，他的健康就逐渐衰退。
on the decrease 在减少中;在减弱中：
Unfavourable balance of foreign trade has been on the decrease since that country vigorously developed her industry.
自从该国努力振兴它们的工业以来，外贸入超一直在减少。
on the down grade 在衰落中;走下坡路：
Owing to improper management and administration，the enterprise is on the down grade.
由于不适当的经营管理，该企业不断衰落。
on the east/west/north/south of在……之东面(西面、北面、南面)：
Our college is on the east of a large garden，each time there is a west wind，our college will be enveloped with dense fragrance of peach and plum blossom from it.
我们的大学在一个大花园的东面，每当刮西风时，整个学校就被花园所发出的浓郁的桃李花香所笼罩。
on the edge of 1
将要;濒临于;正要：
Two trucks were on the edge of collision against each other when one of the drivers turned his truck aside hastily.
当两辆卡车即将碰到一起的时候，其中的一位司机把他的卡车迅速地转到一旁。
2
在……之边缘：
Don’t put the glass on the edge of that desk，it may get knocked off.
不要把那玻璃杯放在桌子边上，它可能被碰掉。
on the edge of a precipice 濒于危险;易遭灾害：
If a man is addicted to alcohol，he is on the edge of a precipice.
如果一个人沉溺于饮酒，他就濒于危险。
on the face of it 从表面上看;乍看起来：
On the face of it，my friend is a boorish man，as a matter of fact，he is very fine and gentle.
从表面上看，我的朋友是个粗鲁人，但是实际上他非常细致文雅。
on the first fine day 天一晴就：
Peasants make hay on the first fine day lest there should be cloudy and rainy weather afterwards.
农民们天一晴就晒制干草，以防日后阴雨天。
on the float 漂浮着：
Hundreds of colourful balloons are on the float in the sky，some go east and others go west.
天空中漂浮着数以百计的彩色气球，有的漂向东，有的漂向西。
on the frontier 在边疆地区：
Some businessmen live on the frontier，they do business with the people of neighbouring countries.
一些商人住在边疆地区，他们跟邻国的人们做买卖。
on the further side 在那一边：
We can see clearly with a telescope that there is a mountain range on the further side of this large lake.
我们用望远镜可以很清楚地看到，在这个大湖的那一边有一条山脉。
on the go 忙碌;活跃：
This seventy-year-old man is very healthy，he does not wish to stay at home but is still on the go about public affairs.
这位七旬老人非常健康，他不愿呆在家里而是忙碌于公益事务。
on the ground of 根据;以……为理由：
The judge excused that young man on the ground of his naivety and inexperience.
由于那个年轻人年幼无知和缺乏经验法官宽恕了他。
on the high side (价格)偏高的：
Marine products are in season，but their price is on the high side.
海货正当时令，但它们的价格相当高。
on the hither side of 不满……岁：
As a matter of fact，they are still wet behind the ears，the eldest among them is only on the hither side of twenty.
说实在的，他们还乳臭未干，他们当中年龄最大的还不满20岁。
on the hoof (牛、马等)待宰的：
These cattle are too old to work，they are on the hoof.
这些牛太老不能工作了，它们等待屠宰。
on the hook 陷入困境：
The man does not make friends ordinarily，so when he is on the hook，no one will come to help him.
那个人平时不交朋友，所以当他陷入困境时，没有人来帮助他。
on the horizon 在地平线上：
There appeared a spot on the horizon，it came nearer and nearer，at last we found it to be a big warship.
地平线上出现一个黑点，它越来越近，最后，我们发现它是一艘大军舰。
on the horns of a dilemma 进退维谷;左右为难：
His wife tells him to buy a purple blanket，but his daughter asks him to buy a red one，so Mr.
White is on the horns of a dilemma which colour to buy.
他的妻子告诉他买一条紫色毛毯，而他的女儿叫他买一条红色的，所以怀特先生左右为难不知买什么颜色的。
on the increase 正在增加;不断增加：
Our manager is expert in management and administration，so our profit is always on the increase.
我们的经理精于经营管理，所以我们的利润不断增加。
on the inside track 〈美口语〉占有利地位;占优势：
These two enterprises enter into rivalry for markets，one of them is abundant in funds and experience，so it is on the inside track.
这两家企业争夺市场，其中一家资金雄厚，经验丰富，所以占有优势。
on the instant 立即;马上：
When he was told that an important guest was waiting for him in his office，he returned to his office on the instant.
当他被告知有一位重要的客人在他的办公室等候他，他立即回到他的办公室。
on the job 〈俚语〉(指人或机器)在工作中;正在忙碌：
When we went to visit him，he was on the job，but he put aside his work to meet us.
当我们去拜访他时，他正在忙碌，但他把他的工作推开来会见我们。
on the keen jump 急忙地;立即：
When his wife wanted to eat a large sweet pear，he rode a donkey and hurried to a country fair to buy it on the keen jump.
当他的妻子要吃一个大糖梨时，他立即骑上驴到集市去购买。
on the knees of the gods 尚未可知的;尚未可定的：
A controversy on the origin of species between two groups of scholars has been going on for a long time，the result of it is still on the knees of the gods.
关于物种起源的论战在两派学者之间已经进行了很长时间，其结果如何尚未可知。
on the laugh 笑着：
He is a kindhearted old man，each time we ask him for something，he always promises on the laugh.
他是一位慈祥的老人，每当求他办点什么事的时候，他总是笑着应允。
on the left hand of 在……的左边：
There is a lake on the left hand of the mountain and a forest on the right hand of it.
在山的左边有一个湖，在山的右边有一片森林。
on the level 公平的(地);诚实的(地)：
That shopkeeper always does business on the level，so people like to do shopping at his shop.
那商店主人总是诚实经商，所以人们愿意到他的商店去买东西。
on the listen 在注意地听着：
This man loves his wife dearly，each time his wife tells him something，he is always on the listen.
这个人非常爱他的妻子，每当他妻子跟他说话时，他总是注意地听着。
on the loaf 游手好闲;虚掷时光：
These youths are idle persons，they are on the loaf without doing anything.
这些青年都是懒惰的人，他们游手好闲，什么也不做。
on the look-out 留心寻觅;注意：
Mr.
Black is on the look-out for a family nurse，for his old grandmother needs someone to look after.
布莱克先生正在留心寻觅一位家庭护士，因为他年老的祖母需要有人看护。
on the lurk 潜伏;埋伏：
A pupil is on the lurk behind a tree，he will suddenly come out when his classmates come and give them a surprise.
一个小学生藏在树的背后，当他的同学们来到时，他将忽然出来吓他们一跳。
on the make 在构成中;〈俚语〉热衷于追求名或利：
A complicated design is on the make，experts are now calculating its data.
一个复杂的设计正在进行，专家们正在计算它的数据。
on the map 重要的;出名的;不可小看的：
This scholar’s learning is on the map.
这位学者的学识是出名的。
on the march 在进军中;在前进中：
When explorers were on the march in thickly forested mountains，a downpour suddenly came over them.
当探险家们正在深山密林中行进时，忽然下起倾盆大雨。
on the mat 〈俚语〉受上级训斥：
An office worker is on the mat because he is often absent from work without leave.
一个职员受到上级训斥，因为他时常不请假就不上班。
on the mend或on the mending hand (指病后)在好转中;逐渐好起来：
This old man is on the mend after a serious illness，he can walk slowly by himself in his room now.
这位老人在重病以后逐渐好起来，他现在能够自己在屋中慢慢走动。
on the mother’s/maternal side母系的;母方的：
Adam has many relatives on the maternal side，but he has never had any dealings with them.
亚当在他母亲这方面有许多亲戚，但他总也没有跟他们来往。
on the motion of 由……之动议：
On the motion of a director，the directorate is now discussing problems about personnel reorganization.
由于一位董事的动议，董事会现在正在讨论关于人事改组方面的问题。
on the nod 〈俚语〉赊购：
Some customers are not welcome by this shopkeeper，they often buy things on the nod and do not pay for them without urging.
有些顾客不受这个店主人的欢迎，他们时常赊购物品，不催着要就不付钱。
on the occasion of 在……的时候;当……之际：
Bob is a good young man，he often behaves himself politely on the occasion of attending a wedding.
鲍布是个好青年，当他参加别人婚礼时，举止彬彬有礼。
on the one hand...，on the other(hand)...
一方面……，另一方面……：
On the one hand he is too timid，on the other his wife is too fierce，so he has suffered from nervous breakdown now.
一方面他胆子小，另一方面他的妻子又太凶，所以他现在患了神经衰弱。
on the one part...，on the other(part).
一方面……，另一方面……：
On the one part he is not familiar to the place，on the other it is too dark，so he finds it difficult to find a hotel.
一方面他对这个地方不熟悉，另一方面天又太黑，所以他找一家旅馆很困难。
on the/one’s way 在路上;在途中：
The children did not take any rest on their way until they got home，so they were both tired and thirsty.
孩子们在途中一点也没休息，一直到达家中，所以他们又累又渴。
on the order of 约与……相似;约与……相同：
His income is on the order of one thousand yuan a month，so he is not hard up in his life.
他的收入大约每月一千元，所以他的生活不太紧张。
on the outs with 与(某人)不和：
Jim is on the outs with his neighbours because they often protest that his dog barks loudly at night.
吉姆跟他的邻居们不和，因为他们时常抗议说他的狗在夜里叫得太凶。
on the part of 就(某人)而言;在……一边：
It is a mistake on the part of Mr.
Jones，he should not sign the agreement without reading it.
这是琼斯先生的错，他不应该不看内容就签约。
on the plus side of the account(商业)在贷方：
There is still some money on the plus side of the account，you should balance it on the debit side.
贷方还有一些钱，你应当在借方使它相平。
on the point of 正要;即将：
The tourists are on the point of setting off when there comes a peal of thunder and a downpour follows.
正当旅游者要出发时，一串雷声，大雨倾盆而下。
on the premise of 在……的前提下：
This experiment shows that nuclear fusion will take place only on the premise of extremely high temperature and pressure just as those existing in the sun.
该试验显示，仅是在像太阳内部存在的极高温度和极大压力的前提下，核聚变反应才会发生。
on the premise that 在……的前提下(后面接从句)：
Our corporation has notified them that we will sign a purchase contract with them on the premise that they reduce their price by10%.
我们公司已经通知他们，如果他们把价格降低10%，我们将跟他们签订购货合同。
on the pretence of 以……为借口：
Mary did not attend our musical evening on the pretence of illness，but the real reason was that she did not wish to make acquaintance with us.
玛丽借口有病没有参加我们的音乐晚会，但真正的原因是她不愿意跟我们结识。
on the pretence that 以……为借口(后面接从句)：
A mischievous child often plays truant on the pretence that he feels unwell.
一个顽皮的孩子时常以不舒服为借口逃学。
on the principle of 根据……的原则;按照……的原则：
We should deal with people on the principle of honesty and good-will.
我们应当以诚实和友善的原则与人们交往。
on the quiet或on the QT 秘密地;私下地：
This wicket person is kind to others on the surface but schemes against them on the quiet.
这个邪恶的人表面上对别人友善，私下里他却算计他们。
on the rails 顺利地进行着;在正常的轨道上：
Our engineer is glad to see that his overhaul plan is carried out on the rails and productivity will be increased accordingly.
我们的工程师高兴地看到，他的检修计划在顺利地实现，生产能力也将随之增加。
on the right hand of 在……的右边：
On the right hand of that temple is an old tower of a thousand years of age.
在那个庙的右侧有个千年古塔。
on the right / hither side of 不满……岁：
Our new teacher is still very young，he looks on the right side of thirty.
我们的新教师还很年轻，他看起来不满三十岁。
on the right track 想得对;做得对;摸着门路：
Through careful study，that young worker has got on the right track，his designing scheme will soon be finished.
经过细心钻研，那个青年工人已经摸到门路，他的设计方案不久即将完成。
on the road 1
旅行出差：
Our manager is on the road to a branch office，he is to inspect business affairs there.
我们的经理旅行出差，他是去分公司视察业务。
2
(指剧团)巡回演出：
This theatrical troupe is on the road to a small city，its actors will put on a show for people of that city.
这个剧团赴一个小城市巡回演出，它的演员们将为该城的市民们表演。
on the ropes (在拳击时被击)倒在栏索上;〈俚语〉处于困境;即将完蛋：
This famous boxer meets a rival more powerful than he，he has been on the ropes now.
这个有名的拳击手遇到了一个比他更强大的对手，他现在已经被击倒在栏索上。
on the run 1
逃走;逃跑：
Mother is now seeking for her naughty child，he has done a fault and is on the run lest the teacher would rebuke him.
妈妈正在寻找她淘气的孩子，那孩子犯了一个过失逃走了，因为他怕老师责骂他。
2
一直忙个不停：
Mother was on the run sewing for her children，father asked her to have a rest.
妈妈给她的孩子们做衣服一直忙个不停，爸爸请她休息一会儿。
on the rush 急急忙忙：
Dick is on the rush repairing his fishing rod，for there will be a fishing match tomorrow.
狄克急急忙忙修理他的渔竿，因为明天将要有一场钓鱼比赛。
on the safe side 万无一失的;妥加准备以防万一的：
Let’s be on the safe side and take more money than we think we will need.
我们要多带点钱，以备不时之需，方为万无一失。
(do sth) on the same lines 以同样的方法或方式(做某事)：
The chemist has done that experiment with a simple and convenient method，he asks his students to do it on the same line.
那化学家已经用一种简便的方法做了那个实验，他要求他的学生们以同样的方法去做。
on the same side of the fence 站在同一立场;一致：
These two teams have both been defeated by the champion team，they now stand on the same side of the fence and try to find a new tactics against that team.
这两个队都被冠军队击败，他们现在站在同一立场设法寻找对付该队的策略。
on the score of 因为;由于：
The youth asked his mother not to worry on the score of his health，he could take good care of himself.
那青年要求他的母亲不要为他的身体担忧，他会很好地照料他自己的。
on the shady side of 〈俚语〉已过……岁：
Our teacher has been on the shady side of ninety，but he is still very healthy.
我们的老师已经年过九十，但是仍然非常健康。
on the shelf 1
(指人)被束之高阁的;弃置不用的：
Some clerks were put on the shelf，for they were not competent in their work.
一些办事员因为工作不胜任而被闲置一旁。
2
(指妇女) 无结婚希望的：
A woman had better marry when she is not too old or else she may be left on the shelf.
一位妇女最好在年岁不是太大时就结婚，否则她可能失去结婚希望。
on the side 1
(做某事)作为兼职：
Benjamin wants to buy a new car but his deposit is not enough，so he gets an evening job on the side to bring in more money.
本杰明想购置一辆新汽车，但是他的银行存款不够，所以他找到一个晚间工作作为兼职以便挣更多的钱。
2
不诚实地暗中(做某事)：
An upright man behaves himself open and aboveboard，he never does something on the side.
一个正直的人行为光明正大，他从来不暗中做不妥当的事。
on the side-lines 旁观;不参与：
Most people have been involved in the troublesome matter，only Philip is on the side-lines.
大部分人都卷入了那件麻烦事，只有菲力普不参与。
on the skew 歪地;斜地：
Mother saw that her child wore his hat a little on the skew，she put it straight at once and told him it was bad manners to wear one’s hat not straight.
妈妈看见她的孩子的帽子戴得有点歪，立刻给他扶正，并且告诉他，不把帽子戴正了就不符合礼貌。
on the sly 暗中地;秘密地(做不正确的事)：
When David was told that someone said something bad against him on the sly，he only laughed it off.
当大卫被告知，有人暗地说了他一些不好的话时，他仅是一笑置之。
on the small side 略小一点;较小一点：
This piece of furniture is made of precious wood，but its size is on the small side.
这件家具是用名贵木料制作的，但是它的尺寸略小一点。
on the spot 1
在现场：
When an accident happens，those who are on the spot can be witnesses.
当发生一件事故时，在现场的人们可以充当见证人。
2
立即;当场：
Our director is a quick and neat man，he can make a decision on the spot no matter what complicated problems we ask him for instructions.
我们主任办事麻利，我们无论向他请示多么复杂的问题他都能当场做出决定。
3
〈俚语〉在困难中：
Each time Peter is on the spot，his friends will come to his help.
每当彼得处于困难时，他的朋友们就来帮助他。
on the spur of the moment 一时冲动之下;不假思索地：
When we deal with things，we should think thrice before we act and never take action on the spur of the moment.
当我们处理事情时应当三思而后行，绝不要在一时冲动之下就行事。
on the square 正直的(地);公正的(地)：
We all trust Mr.
Black because he behaves himself on the square.
我们都信任布莱克先生，因为他为人正直。
on the strength 为(机关、军队、单位等的)编制内人员：
This clerk is not on the strength here，he is just helping out for a week.
这个职员不是这里的正式人员，他仅是在这里帮忙一个星期。
on the strength of 依赖;凭借：
That clever man made friends with some powerful and wealthy people and set up a business on the strength of them.
那个聪明人交了一些有钱有势的人，靠着他们的力量办起一个买卖。
on the sunny side of 〈俚语〉不满……岁：
He is too young and too inexperienced to be a qualified diplomat，for he is only on the sunny side of twenty.
作为一个合格的外交人员，他还太年轻和无经验，因为他还不满二十岁。
on the supposition of 假定;假如：
That youth can marry his beloved girl on the supposition of her parents’ consent.
假如那位青年心爱的姑娘的父母亲同意，那位青年就能跟那姑娘结婚。
on the supposition that 假定;假如(后面接从句)：
They can finish their work in three months on the supposition that no exterior interference happens.
假如没有外部干扰发生，他们三个月就可以完成他们的工作。
on the surface 表面上;外表上：
He is a faithful and reliable young man，all his defects are on the surface if you observe carefully.
如果你仔细观察，你就会知道，他是个诚实可靠的青年，他的缺点都只是表面的。
on the surface of 在……的表面上：
On the surface of that crystal ball is carved a beautiful scenery of sunrise.
在那个水晶球的表面雕刻着一幅日出的美景。
on the table (摆)在桌面上;公开地：
We are all honest people，we should talk over problems on the table.
我们都是正直的人，我们应当把问题摆到桌子面上来谈。
on the threshold of 在……之起点;在……之开端：
A scientist points out humbly that，although he has studied this subject for years，he is only on the threshold of it.
一位科学家谦逊地指出，他虽然已经研究这个科目多年，但他仅不过是处于该学科的入门阶段。
on the tick 极为准时地;准确地：
To that old man’s delight，Han Xin came to the bridge on the tick.
使那位老人喜欢的是，韩信极为准时地来到桥上。
on the tips of one’s toes 踮起脚来，踮着脚：
Mother put some delicious cake high above on a wardrobe，but her naughty child managed to get to it on the tips of his toes.
妈妈把一些美味糕点高高地放在一个柜子上面，但是她淘气的孩子踮着脚够着了它。
on the tongues of men或on everyone’s tongue 被众人谈论着：
The parents felt very much ashamed because their son’s fault was on everyone’s tongue.
父母感到非常羞愧，因为他们儿子的过失被众人谈论着。
on the top of 1
在……之顶部;在……之上：
That old castle was built on the top of a precipice so that it was very difficult to approach.
那古堡建筑在悬崖绝壁的顶部，所以很难走到它的近前。
2
此外;加之：
He paid tuition fee for the poor child and on the top of that，he also gave him some money to buy books.
他给那贫穷的孩子交学费，除此之外，他还给他一些钱买书。
on the track 在轨道上;未离题或目标：
That engineer is glad to see that his overhaul plan is carried out on the track.
那位工程师高兴地看到，他的检修计划在正确地被实现。
on the trot 〈俚语〉不停地;马不停蹄地：
I have been kept on the trot all morning and I am exhausted.
我忙了一个上午，现在我已疲惫不堪。
on the turn 正要转变;正要转动：
Our luck is on the turn，we cannot be always so unlucky.
我们的命运就要转变了，我们不能总是这样不幸运。
on the understanding that 以……为条件：
This company cooperates with another one on the understanding that all profit will be divided evenly.
这家公司跟另一家公司合作，条件是全部利润要平分。
on the up-and-up 1
诚实的;坦诚的：
This youth is on the up-and-up in getting with people，so he makes many good friends.
这位青年坦诚待人，所以他交了许多好朋友。
2
走上坡路的;蒸蒸日上的：
This factory director is good at managing，so his factory is on the up-and-up.
这位厂长善于经营，所以他的工厂蒸蒸日上。
on the up grade 走上坡路;上升;兴盛：
Owing to proper management and administration，this enterprise is on the up grade.
由于适当的经营管理，这家企业日益兴盛。
on the verge of 1
在……之边缘：
On the verge of this lawn is a row of beautiful flowers of various colours.
在这片草地的边缘有一行各种颜色的美丽的花朵。
2
接近于;濒临：
When her friends came to her help，the girl was on the verge of bursting into tears.
当那姑娘的朋友们来帮助她时，那姑娘几乎要哭出来了。
on the wane 1
(月亮)正在亏下去：
The moon is on the wane，its brightness grows darker day after day.
月亮正在亏下去，它的高度一天比一天差。
2
日益衰落;逐渐败落：
Mr Brown did not believe that people would drop stones on someone who had fallen into a well，but when his power was on the wane，he began to taste it himself.
布朗先生原来不相信会有落井下石的事，但是当他自己的权势日益衰落时，他开始亲身体会到这种滋味。
on the way 在路上;在途中：
He met with several acquaintances on the way and every one of them said hello to him warmly.
他在路上遇到好几个熟人，他们每个人都亲热地跟他打招呼。
on the way out 行将变得过时或陈旧;快要不流通：
Clothes wider and longer in size are on the way out，tighter and shorter ones have come into fashion.
又肥又长的衣服行将过时，又紧又短的衣服变得时兴。
on the whole 总的看来;一般说来;大体上：
On the whole，Mary is better at logical reasoning and John is better at analytical calculation.
总的看来，玛丽较善于逻辑推理，约翰较善于分析运算。
on the wing 在飞着(指鸟)：
When ornithologists came to a primeval forest，they saw different strange birds on the wing.
当鸟类学家们来到一个原始森林时，他们看到各种奇怪的鸟在飞着。
on the wrong side of the door 被关在屋外：
A timid husband had done something against the will of his wife，so he found himself on the wrong side of the door at night.
一位胆小的丈夫做了一些不合他妻子心意的事，所以，夜间他发现自己被关在屋外。
on the wrong side of the hedge 站在失败者的一方：
You can rest assured，that clever person will never stand on the wrong side of the hedge.
你可以绝对放心.
那位伶俐的人绝不会站在失败者的一方。
on the wrong side of the tracks 在贫民区：
An Australian writer was born and lived on the wrong side of the tracks，so he described the living of poor people absolutely lifelike in his novel.
一位澳大利亚作家降生和生活在贫民区，所以在他的小说中对于穷人生活的描写惟妙惟肖。
on the wrong/thither side of 已过……岁：
My grandfather has been on the wrong side of ninety，he is old and feeble day by day.
我的祖父已经年过九十，他的身体日渐衰老。
on the wrong track 想得不对;做错;摸错门路：
The chief engineer finds that some designing data of a young technician is on the wrong track，he tells him to revise it.
总工程师发现一个年轻技术人员的设计数据错了，他告诉他把它改正。
on thin ice 处境极为危险;如履薄冰：
If we do things appropriate and correct，we will find ourselves on a broad road，but when we do things inappropriate and incorrect，we will find ourselves on thin ice.
如果我们做事适当和正确，我们就行进在康庄大道上，但是，如果我们做事不适当不正确，我们就会如履薄冰。
on this condition 在这种情况下;在这种条件下：
They want to vacate their warehouse to store fashionable products but the warehouse is occupied by some unsalable goods，they cannot but sell these unsalable goods at a discount on this condition.
他们想把他们的仓库腾出以便储存应时产品，但仓库被一些滞销商品占据，在这种情况下，他们不得不把这些滞销商品打折卖出。
on this score 由于这种原因;因为这个缘故：
Tom likes playing too much，on this score，he often fails in the examination.
汤姆太贪玩，因此他考试时常不及格。
on this side of the grave 在人世;在今生：
We are all transient guests in this world，so we should be kind to others on this side of the grave.
我们都是匆匆过客，所以我们今生要对人和善。
on this understanding 在此条件下;根据这个条件：
They have come to terms in their business negotiation and they will cooperate henceforth on this understanding.
他们在业务商谈中已经达成协议条件，今后他们将根据这些条件进行合作。
on time 准时：
That punctual young man always arrives on time when there is an appointment.
当有约会时，那个守时间的青年总是准时到达。
on tiptoe 踮着脚：
The boy is too short in height，so he often stands on tiptoe to look at things.
那男孩身体太矮，所以他总是踮着脚看东西。
on top 成功;领先;在顶部;在上边;全速地：
There is a pile of books on the desk，the English books are on top.
桌上有一摞书，英语书是在上边。
on top of 1
在顶部;在上边：
On top of the ancient tower is a statue of Buddha.
在那古塔的顶部有一尊佛像。
2
加上;除……之外：
He saw me off at the station，on the top of that，he paid the travelling expenses for me.
他到车站给我送行，除此之外，他还替我付旅费。
on top of the world 〈口语〉极端愉快;快乐极了：
A little child is on top of the world，for his parents have promised to have a picnic on Sunday.
一个小孩快乐极了，因为他的父母已经允诺在星期日全家去野餐。
on trial 试用;试验：
This new production line is on trial，it will be formally put to use if it passes the trial successfully.
这条生产线正在试用，如果顺利通过，它将被正式启用。
on trust 1
不经考察地;不经证实地;凭信任地：
It is not allowed in our factory to buy in raw materials without careful examination beforehand and simply on trust.
在我们工厂不许可未经事先仔细检查而仅凭信任就购进原料。
2
赊账：
At first，these goods are sold only in cash，but afterwards they are also supplied on trust.
最初这些商品仅能用现钱购买，以后赊账也可以供应。
on/upon condition that 倘若;如果;只有在……的条件下：
Her parents consent to her marrying him on condition that she will not leave them.
只有在她结婚以后不离开她的父母，她父母才同意她跟他结婚。
on/upon sb’s heels 紧跟在某人后面：
This little dog loves its master very much，it is always on his master’s heels when he goes out.
这只小狗非常爱它的主人，每当主人外出时，它总是紧跟在他的后面。
on/upon invitation 应邀：
The neighbouring country has invited the king to visit it，so the king will pay a formal visit on invitation.
邻国已经邀请国王去访问，所以国王将应邀对该国进行正式访问。
on / upon one’s honour 以名誉担保：
That businessman has promised on his honour that he will give us preferential treatment in business.
那位商人已经向我们以名誉担保，在业务上给我们优惠条件。
on / upon the hip 处于不利地位：
Our baseball team is on the hip in this match，for our rival is superior to us both in skill and in sportsmanship.
我们的棒球队在这场比赛中处于不利地位，因为我们的对手在球艺上和竞技精神上都优于我们。
on/upon the pretext of 以……为借口：
Mother asked her boy to study at home，but the boy went out on the pretext of visiting his friend，as a matter of fact，he went to the cinema.
妈妈叫她的男孩在家里学习，但是这男孩以看朋友为借口出去了，实际上他是去看电影去了。
on what account 为了何故：
No one knows on what account Anna is so sad today，she does not wish to tell it to others.
没有人知道安娜今天为何这样伤心，她不愿意把这事告诉旁人。
on with 1
穿;戴(衣物)：
Peter felt very cold when he went out，for he was on with only few clothes.
彼得出去时感到非常冷，因为他仅穿很少衣服。
2
开始;继续：
Time is pressing，let us on with our work at once.
时间紧迫，让我们立刻开始工作吧。
on wrong lines 用错误方法(做某事)：
These experiments should be done correctly，we can never get any proper result from them if we do them on wrong lines.
要用正确的方法做这些实验，如果我们用错误的方法去做，就不会得出正确的结果。
on your life 〈口语〉在任何情况下;无论如何：
Be kind and gentle to others and never treat them rudely and impolitely on your life，对待别人要和善和温柔，在任何情况下也不要以粗鲁不礼貌的态度待人。
On your marks! (赛跑时的口令)各就各位! When the umpire gave the order on your marks，all runners crouched down at once.
当裁判员发出各就各位的口令时，所有的赛跑选手们立刻就蹲好。
open fire on 向……开火：
Zoologists often advise hunters that they should not open fire on those wild animals which do not endanger them.
动物学家们时常向猎人们建议，请他们不要向不危害他们安全的野兽开火。
open on / upon 朝向;俯瞰;展望：
One of my windows opens on some precipices of wild mountains.
我的一个窗户朝向深山中的悬崖绝壁。
Own sth on a shoestring 〈美口语〉以分期付款的方法购买某物：
Newly-married couples in that place often own their cars，buildings etc on a shoestring.
那个地方的新婚夫妇们时常用分期付款的方法购买他们的汽车、房屋等。
pass an opinion on 对……表示意见：
They will pass their opinion on your work when they have inspected it.
他们在视察你们工作以后，将对之发表意见。
pass on 1
传递：
Our director asked to pass on this business letter to every department and office.
我们主任要求将这封业务信函在每个处室传阅。
2
去世;故去：
We are all grieved to hear that our kind，old teacher has passed on.
听到我们那和善的老教师去世的消息，我们大家都感到悲哀。
3
前进;继续下去：
We have done the first question，let’s pass on to the second.
我们已经做完第一道题了，让我们继续做第二道。
4
移交：
The predecessor passed on his office to his successor according to the rule.
按照规定，前任将他的职务移交给他的后任。
pay sth on account 先付;预付：
Money would be paid on account when we buy goods in great demand such as coloured TVs，refrigerators etc.
我们购买冰箱、彩电等畅销商品时需要预先付款。
pick on 挑中(某人)(去做不愉快的事)：
John is unhappy because mother has picked on him to look after his little brother.
约翰很不高兴，因为妈妈叫他照看他的小弟弟。
pin/lay one’s hope on 把希望寄托在;寄希望于：
Mother brought her children up and pinned her hope on them to win honour for her family.
母亲把她的儿女养大，寄希望于他们给她的家庭争光。
pin one’s faith on / upon 信任：
The manager pinned his faith on his secretary，who was an honest and reliable girl.
那经理信任他的秘书，那秘书是一位正直可靠的姑娘。
place / put sth on exhibition 展出某物：
That plant has put its products of the most modern numerical-controlled lathes on exhibition.
那家工厂已经展出它的最新式数控机床产品。
place/put sb on the look-out 预先警告某人;引起某人警惕：
We have put our watchmen on the look-out and asked them to secure the safety of our goods in stock.
我们已经提请看夜人们注意，请他们确保所存货物的安全。
place reliance on sth 信赖某事物：
Customers like to do shopping in that market because they place reliance on its reputation.
顾客们喜欢到这个市场购物，因为他们信赖它的声誉。
place reliance on sb 信赖某人：
Partners place reliance on each other in their business，for they are both honest men.
合伙人在他们的买卖中互相信赖，因为他们都是正直的人。
Plague on it / him! 该死的!When Mary found that her novel had been taken away by someone，she said，“Who has taken it? Plague on him!”当玛丽发现她的小说被人拿走时，她说：
“是谁拿的，该死的!”
play a joke on 与……开玩笑：
Adam is a good-tempered youth，we all like to play a joke on him.
亚当是个脾气好的青年，我们都喜欢跟他开玩笑。
play a trick on 与……开玩笑：
Peter was blamed by our teacher because he played a trick on a classmate when our teacher was teaching.
彼得被我们老师责备了，因为正当老师讲课时他跟一位同学开玩笑。
play it low on 〈俚语〉用卑鄙手段欺骗：
We should deal with others honestly and never play it low on them.
我们应当以诚待人，绝对不要以卑鄙手段欺骗别人。
play on/upon 激起或利用(某人的感情等)：
He often attains his goal by playing on others’ sympathies.
他时常利用别人的同情心来达到他的目的。
play on / upon words.
说俏皮话;说双关语：
Robert is a youth of eloquence，he is good at playing on words，which often makes us laugh.
罗伯特是个有口才的青年，他善于说俏皮话，这时常使我们大家发笑。
pour cold water on 对(他人的工作热情等)泼冷水：
We should never pour cold water on other’s enthusiasm，we should encourage them.
我们绝对不应当对别人的热情泼冷水，我们应当鼓励他们。
pour oil on the flame(s)或pour oil on fire 火上烧油：
Don’t criticize a man’s defects when he is furious，that is pouring oil on fire.
当一个人大怒时，不要批评他的缺点，那样做等于火上烧油。
pour oil on troubled water 调停争端：
Mr Brown is a peacemaker，we often ask him to pour oil on troubled water when there is a need.
布朗先生是一位和事佬，每当需要时，我们时常请他调停争端。
practise on / upon 利用(弱点等);欺骗：
Never practise on the kindness of old folks to cheat them.
不可利用老年人的和善心去欺骗他们。
press on 挤上前去;使负重担：
We pressed on through the crowd until we got to the door of a great hall.
我们在人群中挤着往前走，一直到我们到达一个大厅的门口。
press sth on / upon 把某事物强加于(某人)：
We do not want to cooperate with them because they often press their own will on others.
我们不想跟他们合作，因为他们时常把他们自己的意志强加于人。
prevail on / upon 劝服;诱使：
Adam is a inadvertent boy，his mother has prevailed upon him to be careful in doing things.
亚当是个粗心的男孩，他母亲已经劝服他做事要细心。
prey on / upon 捕食;掠夺;蹂躏：
Hunters often fire on eagles，for they feel uneasy to see them preying on little birds.
猎人们时常用枪打老鹰，因为他们看到老鹰捕食小鸟时心中不舒服。
pride oneself on/upon 以……自豪;以……自鸣得意：
Alice prides herself on her fashionable hat，it belongs to the latest fashion in Paris.
爱丽丝以她的时髦的帽子自豪，它在巴黎属于最新式样。
pronounce a eulogy on 向……致颂词：
A new foreign ambassador pronounced a eulogy on the head of our government，wishing our country thriving and prosperous.
一位新到任的外国大使向我们政府首脑致颂词，祝愿我国繁荣昌盛。
pull on 1
用力拉：
An old horse pulled on a heavy cart but could not move it.
一匹老马用力拉一辆沉重的大车，但是拉不动它。
2
吸吮：
That old sailor pulled on his pipe and then told us about his adventures.
那位老海员吸吮他的烟斗，然后向我们述说他的奇遇。
push sth on 把某事物强加于(某人)：
They do not do the toilsome work themselves，they push it on me.
他们自己不去做那件累活，他们把它强加于我。
put a bad construction on 对……作恶意解释：
If you often put a bad construction on other’s intentions，people would keep you at a distance.
如果你时常对别人的意图作恶意解释，人们将疏远你。
put a bold front on 勇敢地面对(某种情况)：
Jack puts a bold front on the difficulty before him，he knows that it is only transient.
杰克勇敢地面对他面前的困难，他知道那困难是暂时的。
put a boycott on 联合抵制(某种物品等)：
We put a boycott on the unsanitary foodstuff of a foreign manufacturer.
我们联合抵制一家外国制造厂的不卫生食品。
put a false construction on 故意曲解：
Perhaps you have misunderstood them，they never put a false construction on your intentions.
你大概误解了他们，他们绝没有故意曲解你的想法。
put a gloss on 使具有光泽;润饰：
In order to enjoy the Spring Festival，we adorn our room and put a gloss on our furniture by painting it.
为了欢度春节，我们装饰我们的屋子，给我们的家具上漆。
put a good bold face on 对……假装不在乎：
This naughty boy puts a good bold face on his mother’s scolding and goes on with his amusing tricks.
这个顽皮孩子假装不在乎他母亲的责骂继续调皮捣蛋。
put a good construction on 对……作善意解释：
They are kind and honest people，we should put a good construction on their intentions.
他们是善良正直的人，我们应当对他们的意图作善意的解释。
put all cards on the table 明白表示其计划、意向;摊牌：
The technician put all cards on the table before his chief engineer and asked for technical directions.
该技术人员把他的计划明白地告诉了他的总工程师，并请总工程师在技术上给以指导。
put an embargo on 对……实行禁运;禁止：
The Customs put an embargo on that harbour because there happened an infectious disease around it.
海关封闭该港口，因为在该港口周围发生传染病。
put a slight on/upon 蔑视;怠慢(某人)：
When a man has some shortcomings，we should not put a slight on him but try to help him.
当一个人有缺点时，我们不应当怠慢他而应当设法帮助他。
put a spell on 以符咒镇住：
A witch put a spell on a handsome prince so as to make him seriously ill.
一个巫婆用符咒镇住一位英俊的王子，叫他患重病。
put a squeeze on 压榨;对……施加压力：
After the pears are boiled，we put a squeeze on them，the juice squeezed out is a good cure for coughing.
把梨煮了以后，我们压榨它们，压出的梨汁治疗咳嗽非常有效。
put a valuation on 评价：
Our director puts a high valuation on the ability of his secretary，the secretary is both efficient and wise.
我们主任对他秘书的能力评价很高，那位秘书既能力高又聪慧。
put a value on 评价：
His advice helped us to overcome our difficulty，we all put a good value on it.
他的建议帮助我们克服了困难，我们对之都给予很好的评价。
put a veto on 否决;禁止(某事物)：
Our school has put a veto on playing cards in students’ dormitories.
我们学校已经禁止在学生宿舍打扑克牌。
put a wrong construction on 对……作错误解释：
We should never put a wrong construction on our friends’ advice，they are always trying to do us good though their attitude may be a little rough sometimes.
我们绝不应该对我们朋友的劝告作错误的解释，虽然有时他们提劝告时的态度有点粗鲁。
put/bet one’s shirt on/upon〈俚语〉把全部家当都押在……之上：
Notwithstanding others’ persuasion，that businessman put his shirt on an adventurous investment.
不顾别人的劝告，那位商人把他的全部家当都押在一个有风险的投资上。
put dependence on 信任;信赖：
Our director puts much dependence on his assistants because they are all honest in character and diligent in work.
我们的主任非常信任他的助手们，因为他们都品性诚实工作勤勉。
put emphasis on 强调;注重：
Our headmaster put emphasis on discipline，he made it an important lesson to new students.
我们校长注重纪律，他使纪律成为新学生的重要学习内容。
put/get the show on the road〈美俚语〉开始工作;着手工作：
When this new plan has been worked out，we put the show on the road at once to carry it out as soon as possible.
当这个新计划制定出来以后，我们立即开始工作以便尽快地把该计划实现。
put importance on 重视：
Father puts much importance on his children’s education and tries his best to find a key school for them.
父亲非常重视他的孩子们的教育，努力给他们寻找重点学校。
put it on 1
装腔作势;装出重要的样子：
It is laughable to see that person put it on when he makes a speech.
看那人作演说时装腔作势的模样很可笑。
2
要高价：
That pedlar often puts it on when there are many customers wanting to buy his goods.
当有许多顾客想买那商贩的货物时，那个商贩时常要高价。
put it on the street 〈美俚语〉泄露秘密;到处张扬别人隐私：
He should keep the private affairs of his friend as a secret，but he puts it on the street.
他应当为他朋友的私事保守秘密，但是他却到处去张扬。
put/lay the saddle on the right horse 责备该责备的人，夸奖该夸奖的人：
This factory director is strict and fair in treating his subordinates，he always puts the saddle on the right horse.
这位厂长对待下级很严明，他总是责备该责备的人夸奖该夸奖的人。
put/lay the saddle on the wrong horse 责备不该责备的人;夸奖不该夸奖的人：
Leading members should be careful not to put the saddle on the wrong horse or else others will not respect them fully convinced.
领导成员们应当注意赏罚分明，否则别人就不会心悦诚服地尊敬他们。
put money on (指赛马等)在……上打赌;下赌注于：
A white horse runs much more quickly than other horses，so people all put money on it.
一匹白马比别的马跑得快得多，所以人们都把赌注押在它的身上。
put sth on 1
假装;伪装：
The stranger put on an air of familiarity and wanted to make friends with us.
那陌生人装出一副熟悉的样子，想跟我们交朋友。
2
增加;增添：
After the man became rich，his flesh was put on steadily.
从他富有以后，他的体重一直稳步增加。
3
穿;戴(衣物等)：
Mary put on her new fur coat and went to see her friends.
玛丽穿上她的新裘皮大衣去看她的朋友们。
4
开(水、煤气、电器等)：
It was too dark for mother to do her sewing in the room，so she put on the light.
妈妈在屋里做缝纫活太黑，所以她把灯打开。
5
拨快(钟表)：
John often put on his watch because something went wrong with it and it always lost time.
约翰时常拨快他的手表，因为他的表出了毛病，总是走慢。
put sb on 〈口语〉欺骗某人;哄骗某人：
Tom is an honest young man，he always acts honestly and never put on anyone.
汤姆是个诚实的青年，行为诚实，绝不欺骗任何人。
put on airs 装腔作势：
We all hold him in abhorrence because he often puts on airs when talking with us.
我们都憎恶他，因为他在跟我们谈话时总是装腔作势。
put on all sails 扯起所有的帆;竭尽全力：
As the wind has become favourable，the captain gives order to put on all sails.
由于风向已变成顺风，船长下令扯起所有的帆。
put on a semblance of 假装;装作：
When the boy put on a semblance of sadness，his mother turned softhearted at once and complied with his request.
当那个男孩装出悲伤的样子时，他的母亲立刻心软，答应了他的请求。
put on/draw a(long) face 耷拉着脸;愁眉苦脸：
Mr.
White put on a long face because his wife fell ill suddenly.
怀特先生愁眉苦脸，因为他的妻子忽然病了。
put one on his mettle 使人奋发;鼓起勇气：
The scholar’s lecture put him on his mettle，he decided to work even harder in his study.
那位学者的演讲使他奋发起来，他决定在学习上更加努力。
put one’s finger on 正确地指出(症结、错误等)：
Our teacher put his finger on our shortcomings and asked us to correct.
我们的老师正确地指出我们的缺点，要求我们改正。
put on flesh 体重增加;发胖：
That chubby little baby looks more lovely，for it puts on much flesh recently.
那个圆胖的婴儿更可爱了，因为最近他更发胖了。
put sb on his best behaviour 规劝某人要规矩;劝导某人表现良好行为：
When his parents put him on his best behaviour，the youth paid obedience to them and tried his best to carry out their bidding.
当那青年的父母规劝他表现良好的行为时，他遵从他们的话努力实现他们的叮嘱。
put sb on his guard against 使某人提防、预防：
Teachers put their students on their guard against bad habits so that they may keep good health physically and mentally.
老师们要他们的学生提防不良的习惯以便他们达到身心健康。
put sb on his honour 使某人以其名誉担保其行为：
In order to make the youth correct his mistake and turn a new leaf，we have put him on his honour.
为了使这个青年改过自新，我们已经叫他以他自己的名誉担保自己的行为。
put sth on ice 〈美俚语〉留置待用：
A new production line has been in use，old machines are put on ice.
一条新生产线已经启用，旧的机器被留置待用。
put sb on (his) oath 使某人起誓说真话：
In order to get a clear understanding of this case，we put witnesses on oath before they speak.
为了把这个诉讼搞清楚，我们在证人们发言以前请他们起誓说真话。
put sth on one side 暂搁一旁;留置待用：
As our laboratory has been equipped with new instruments，those old ones are put on one side.
由于我们实验室已经配备了新仪器，原有的那些旧仪器被暂搁一旁。
put on one’s thinking cap (对某事)认真考虑;慎重考虑：
Graduates all put on their thinking cap about what speciality to study，for this will influence their whole life.
毕业生们对于要学习哪种专业都认真考虑，因为这关系到他们的一生。
put on short allowance 限制用量;限制供应量：
Natural resources are dear to us，we should put on short allowance of water.
自然资源对我们很宝贵，我们应当节制用水。
put on steam 加劲干;使劲干：
Time is urgent，we all put on steam in our work so that the yearly task can be fulfilled in time.
时间很紧迫，我们都加劲工作以便我们的年度任务能够按时完成。
put sth on the agenda 把……提到议事日程：
The construction of nuclear power stations should be put on the agenda because more and more electric power is needed in production.
核电站的建造应当被提到议事日程上来，因为生产上需要越来越多的电力。
put on the appearance of 假装：
A wolf puts on the appearance of kindness and mixes itself among sheep.
一只狼假装和善混入羊群中。
put on the brake 关制动器;关闸;使停顿：
That driver reacted quickly and put on the brake in time，thus avoiding a collision.
那位司机反应很快，及时地关上离合器，因而避免了撞车。
put on the dog/style 〈口语〉摆架子;耍派头：
A rich man often puts on the dog before his friends，gradually all his friends forsake him.
一个富人时常在他的朋友面前摆架子，他的朋友渐渐地都舍他而去。
put sth on the market 把某物拿到市场上出售：
It is spring，the cooperative puts various marine products on the market.
时值春季，供销合作社把各种海产品拿到市场销售。
put sb/sth on the (right) scent给(工作、研究等)指出正确途径：
In order not to make a detour in their research work，the old scientist has put his students on the right scent.
为了避免他的学生们在研究工作上走弯路，这位老科学家已经给他们指出正确途径。
put sb on the shelf 束之高阁;闲置不用：
Our manager never put old staff members on the shelf，he took them as treasure for their rich experience and skilled technique.
我们经理绝不把年老的员工闲置不用，由于他们的丰富经验和熟练技术，他把他们视为珍宝。
put sb / sth on trial 使(某人)受审;试验(某物)：
Instead of putting the new products to large-scale production，we put them on trial first so as to examine their properties further.
我们没有把该新产品投入大量生产而是先对它们进行试验，以便进一步检验它们的性能。
put on weight 体重增加;发胖：
Alice is much worried that she has put on much weight recently，we advise her to take more exercise and not to stay at home idle.
爱丽丝最近胖了很多，因而非常发愁，我们建议她多运动，少在家中闲呆着。
put pressure on 对……施加压力：
The graduation examination draws near，this puts pressure on students，they must study harder so as not to fail in it.
毕业考试临近了，这给学生们带来压力;他们必须更努力学习以免考得不及格。
put/set a bridle on 克制;抑制(指对行为、感情、冲动等)：
He put a firm bridle on his impulse and managed to avoid a mistake.
他坚决抑制住自己的冲动，因而避免了犯错误。
put (a) strain on 使不胜负荷：
To work round the clock puts a strain on Peter，he decides to have a good rest when the task is over.
夜以继日地工作使得彼得不胜负荷，他决定在工作做完以后好好休息一下。
put the blame on 归咎于;使……对错误负责：
A naughty child broke the window，he put the blame on his little brother，his mother of course did not believe him.
一个顽皮孩子把窗户打破了，他把错误推到他弟弟身上，他母亲当然不相信他。
put the edge on 使……锋利：
Our kitchen knife becomes dull，father grinds it on the grindstone to put the edge on it.
我们的切菜刀钝了，父亲在磨石上磨它，使它锋利。
put the joke on 对……开玩笑：
Our friend is of very good temper，we all like to put the joke on him.
我们的朋友脾气非常好，我们全都喜欢跟他开玩笑。
put the screw on 逼迫;强制：
When we do not study hard，our teacher never puts the screw on us but persuades us with reason bit by bit.
当我们学习不努力时，我们老师绝不强制我们学习而是慢慢地用道理开导我们。
put the shoe on the right foot〈口语〉责备该受责备者;夸奖该受夸奖者：
Our director deals with things fairly，he always puts the shoe on the right foot，so he is respected by all of us.
我们主任处理事情公平，他总是夸奖该受夸奖的人，责备该受责备的人，所以他受到我们所有人的尊敬。
rattle on 1
喋喋不休地讲：
When young mothers get together，they often rattle on how clever and lovely their own babies are.
当年轻的妈妈聚在一起的时候，她们时常喋喋不休地讲自己的婴儿是多么聪明和可爱。
2
(车、马等)卡嗒卡嗒地过去：
Many carts rattled on before us and clouds of dust were raised after them.
许多辆马车在我们面前卡嗒卡嗒地走过，在它们的后面掀起阵阵的尘土。
reckon on/upon 依靠;指望：
Bill is now in trouble，he reckons on his friends’ help.
比尔现在陷入麻烦之中，他指望他的朋友们的帮助。
reflect credit on 使(某人)大有面子;成为(某人)的光荣;增加(某人)声誉：
Paul succeeded in a tough business negotiation，this reflected much credit on him.
保罗在一次艰难的业务谈判中获得成功，这极大地增加了他的声誉。
reflect on/upon 1
思考;仔细考虑：
There happens a complicated technical problem in the engineer’s work，he is now reflecting on it.
该工程师的工作中出现一个复杂的技术问题，现在他正在仔细地思考它。
2
(指行为或事件)带来(荣誉或玷辱)：
This kind old lady often makes donations to social charities，this reflects on her benevolent nature.
这位善良的老太太时常给慈善机构捐款，这更显示她的慈善天性。
3
损及;有损于(名声、名誉等)：
If a man does something wrong，he should admit it frankly and tries his best to correct or else it will reflect on his reputation.
如果一个人做了错事，他应当坦白承认并努力改正，否则将损及他的名誉。
rely on/upon 信赖;依靠：
My friend advises me that the best way to struggle for success is to rely on oneself.
我的朋友向我忠告说，为取得成功而奋斗的最好方法是依靠自己。
report on / upon 对……提出报告;关于……的报告：
The chief engineer has written a report on technological reform to our director and asked for his support.
那总工程师已经向我们主任写了一份关于技术改革的报告，要求主任的支持。
rest/lie on one’s oars 成功以后不再努力;满足于已有的成就：
If a man rests on his oars after he has achieved some success，he will degenerate and be looked down upon by others.
如果一个人在获得一些成功以后满足于已有的成就不再努力，他将退化并将被别人看不起。
rest on/upon 1
倚;安放：
After work，he rested his back upon the wall and smoked a cigar.
工作以后，他把背靠在墙上，吸一支雪茄。
2
支撑：
The three-legged table was rested upon a pile of bricks.
那三条腿的桌子被支撑在一摞砖上。
3
(眼睛、视线)落在;凝视：
Mother let her glance rest on the chubby face of her baby.
母亲凝视着她那婴儿的圆胖小脸。
4
停卧;停靠：
Look at those clouds resting upon the mountain top.
请看那些笼罩在山顶上的云。
5
(证据、论据等)仰赖于;系于;以……为基础：
Columbus’ decision to sail west rested on his belief that he would surely find a new continent.
哥伦布向西航行的决心是出于他相信他一定能够找到一个新大陆。
rest/repose on one’s laurels 成功以后不再努力;满足于已有的成就：
That scientist has won great scientific achievements，but his shortcoming is that he rests on his laurels in his old age.
那位科学家在科学上已经取得巨大成就，但他的缺点是，在晚年时他满足于已有的成就不思进取。
roll on 滔滔流动;滚滚向前;继续进行：
Years rolled on，soon ten years had passed.
岁月流逝，十年转瞬就过去了。
run on 1
喋喋不休地讲;滔滔不绝地讲：
She is a chatter-box，she would run on the whole afternoon if you should listen to her.
她是个话匣子，如果你肯于听的话，她会整个下午谈个不停。
2
(时间)流逝;经过：
Time runs on like a shuttle，we have studied together for three years.
光阴如梭，我们已经在一起学习三年了。
3
(病情等)继续发展;继续：
The headache ran on and it became a fatal disease at last.
头疼继续发展，最后变成了致命的疾病。
run on / upon 1
(思想或谈话)涉及;关于：
The old man’s thoughts were running upon the past.
那位老人正在回想过去。
2
(指船)撞上(礁石等)：
It is a dangerous sea area there，ships passing by must take care not to run upon rocks.
那里是个危险的海域，来往的船只必须小心不要触礁。
rush on/upon 冲向;扑向;袭击：
When explorers are advancing in a forest，a fierce wolf suddenly rushes upon them，they have to run away quickly.
当探险家们正在一个森林中行进时，一只恶狼忽然扑向他们，他们只好赶快逃开。
screw on 拧上：
After pouring out some whisky from the bottle，Jack screwed on its lid again.
从瓶中倒出一些威士忌酒以后，杰克又把瓶盖拧上。
sell on commission 代售;代销：
This shop does various business，it also sells products of several large factories on commission.
这家商店经营各种业务，它也经销几家大工厂的产品。
sell on credit 赊卖：
That company needed to empty its warehouse urgently，so it sold all its stock on credit.
该公司急需腾出仓库，所以它把全部库存都赊卖出去。
sell one’s hens on a rainy day 亏本出售：
That businessman had to sell his hens on a rainy day because his creditors pressed him for payment of debts.
因为债主们逼债，那位商人不得不亏本出售。
send sth on 预送(行李等);转寄(信件等)：
Our neighbour has removed，all his letters should be sent on to his new address.
我们的邻居已经搬家，他的所有信件都要转寄到他的新住址。
set a gloss on 使具有光泽;润饰：
This writer often set a gloss on his work with splendid and flowery diction.
这位作者时常用华丽的辞藻润饰他的作品。
set a high value on 把……评价得很高;重视：
The government sets a high value on those scientists，it invites them to act as its consultants.
政府非常重视那些科学家，把他们聘请为政府的顾问。
set a price on 给……定价格;开价：
This shopkeeper is an honest man，he sets a reasonable price on his goods.
这位商店主人是个诚实的人，他给他的商品定的都是合理的价格。
set eyes on 看;看见：
I wish I shall never set my eyes on her again，of course，she has the same wish to me too.
我希望我永远不再见到她，当然她也希望永远也别再见到我。
set sb’s heart on(doing sth) 使某人渴望(做某事)：
John is a good child，his teacher’s praise sets his heart on doing good deeds all the more.
约翰是个好孩子，老师对他的夸奖使他更加渴望做好事。
set no count on 看不起;轻视：
My colleague is a proud man，he sets no count on our director and often defies him in our presence.
我的同事是个骄傲的人，他看不起我们的主任，时常当着我们的面顶撞他。
set on edge 1
把(物体)竖起来：
A little boy can set a duck egg on edge but he cannot do this with an egg.
一个小孩能够把鸭蛋竖立起来，但是他不能把一个鸡蛋竖起来。
2
使……锋利：
Mother sets a knife on edge to cut fruit for her children.
妈妈把一把小刀磨快，给她的孩子们削水果。
set one’s affections on 钟爱(指父母等人的爱)：
Grandma set her affections on her grandchildren and took them even dearer than her own life.
奶奶钟爱她的孙子孙女们，把他们看得比自己生命还贵重。
set one’s heart on (doing sth) 渴望(做某事)：
Little Tom sets his heart on playing together with his little friends，he even dreams about this.
小汤姆渴望跟他的小朋友们一块游戏，他甚至做梦也梦见这件事。
set one’s heart on 渴望获得(某物)：
Daisy set her heart on that precious fur coat，which she saw in a shop window.
黛西渴望获得那件贵重的裘皮大衣，她是在一家商店的橱窗看见它的。
set one’s hope on 把希望寄托在;寄希望于：
After father’s death，mother set her hope on her children，she decided to bring them up and make them win glory for the family.
父亲故去以后，母亲寄希望于她的孩子们，她决心把他们养大，叫他们为家庭争光。
set one’s mind on (doing sth) 决心要(做某事);一心要(做某事)：
That physicist set his mind on finding new and clean energy resources so as to bring benefit for mankind.
那位物理学家决心要找到新的和清洁的能源为人类造福。
set one’s mind on 决心要获得(某物);一心要获得(某物)：
Ellen set her mind on a scholarship so that she could show herself off among her schoolmates.
爱伦决心要获得奖学金，以便在同学们当中显示自己的才能。
set sth on fire 焚烧;点燃：
It becomes very cold after snow，we set a heap of firewood on fire to warm ourselves.
下雪以后，天气非常寒冷，我们点燃一堆劈柴取暖。
set on foot 开始;着手：
When the engineer has found all the reference materials he needs in his work，he sets his designing on foot.
当那工程师找到他在工作中所需要的全部参考资料以后，他就开始他的设计工作。
set sb on his feet 1
使某人站起来(如在跌倒以后)：
Mother set her baby on its feet when her baby fell down.
当婴儿跌倒以后，妈妈把他扶起来。
2
使某人获得力量、经济安定等：
After our failure in the experiment，our teacher’s encouragement sets us on our feet.
在我们的实验失败以后，我们老师的鼓励使我们获得力量。
set/put sb on his legs 帮助某人自立;使某人恢复健康：
After he grew up，his father asked somebody to find a job for him to set him on his legs.
在他长大以后，他父亲托人给他找了一个工作以帮助他自立。
set sb’s teeth on edge 刺耳;使人有不快之感：
Don’t make sound like that，it sets my teeth on edge.
别发出那种声音，它使我感到刺耳。
set the seal on 使生效;使确定下来：
The board of directors has set the seal on a business contract，which our company made with an enterprise.
董事会已经确认一份业务合同有效，该合同是我们公司与一家企业签订的。
set the Thames on fire 〈英〉做出惊人的事来;成为杰出人物：
This specialist has set the Thames on fire，he invents a medical instrument，which can completely cure paralysis without any sequelae.
这位医学专家做出了惊人的事情，他发明一种医疗仪器，能够彻底治愈半身不遂，不留一点后遗症。
settle on/upon 选择;选定：
After careful consideration，the youth settled on this new work as his career.
经过仔细考虑以后，那青年选定这个新工作作为他的事业。
settle sth on/upon 〈法律用语〉授予(某人)财产、金钱等：
Before the rich man’s death，he decided to settle most of his estate on his friends.
在那富人死亡以前，他决定把他的大部分财产授给他的朋友们。
shed lustre on 给……增光：
The mother hoped that her son would become a great scientist or an erudite scholar in the future so as to shed lustre on her country and her family.
母亲希望她的儿子将来成为一个大科学家或大学问家，以便给国家和家庭增光。
shed/throw light on/upon 使(某事物)清楚地显示出来;阐明(某事物)：
Albert Einstein’s greatness lies in the fact that he has shedded light on the most profound rules of the physical world.
爱因斯坦的伟大在于他揭示出了物质世界的最深奥的规律。
shift the blame on to other’s shoulders 把责任推到别人身上：
An honest man should be courageous enough to bear responsibility and never shifts the blame on to other’s shoulders.
一个正直的人要勇于承担责任而绝不把责任推到别人身上。
shower praises on 颂扬(某人);赞颂(某人)：
When he has become wealthy，his wine-and-meat friends all try to be the first to shower praises on him.
当他富有了以后，他的酒肉朋友们争先恐后地颂扬他。
shrink on (机械)红套;乘热胀时套在 ……：
Steel rings are often shrunk on a shaft when they are heated to several hundred degrees.
钢环时常是在加热到温度数百度时红套到大轴上的。
sign on 1
(指受雇者)签约受雇;就聘：
These people have signed on as seasonal workers in a processing factory of agricultural products.
这些人已经签约受雇于一个农产品加工厂做季节性工人。
2
(指广播电台)以曲调或音响表示播音开始：
The radio station has signed on，we all listen to its music，songs and radio plays.
这家电台已经开始播音，我们都收听它的音乐、歌曲和广播剧节目。
sing on the wrong side of one’s mouth 哭;悲叹：
A proud and selfsatisfied person sings on the wrong side of his mouth that he has not a single friend，we advise him to become modest and prudent henceforth，then he can make many good friends.
一位骄傲自满的人悲叹他连一个朋友也没有，我们忠告他今后要谦虚谨慎，他就会交上许多好朋友。
sit easy on (指工作、任务等)负担不重：
Alice is a girl of extraordinary ability，all work however difficult sits easy on her.
爱丽丝是一位具有非凡能力的姑娘，无论多么困难的工作，她都不在话下。
sit heavy on (指工作、任务等)负担过重：
Erica has just recovered from an illness，she is still very weak and any housework will sit heavy on her.
爱丽嘉刚从病中恢复，身体仍然很弱，任何家务活对她都是负担过重。
sit light on (指工作、任务等)负担不重：
Although that task is tough，it sits light on this efficient young man.
虽然那项任务很困难，但对这个有能力的青年来说负担并不重。
sit on one’s hands.
坐视;袖手旁观：
We all want to make friends with this ardent young man because，when others are in difficulty，he never sits on his hands.
我们都想跟这位热心的青年交朋友，因为当别人有困难时，他从来不袖手旁观。
sit on the fence/hedge/rail 骑墙;采取观望态度：
Never sit onthe fence when there is a quarrel between others，we should try to reconcile them at once.
当别人发生争吵时，绝不要采取观望态度，我们要立刻努力调解他们。
sit on thorns 如坐针毡;坐立不安：
Edward sits on thorns，for he has just been impolite to Anna，he is blamed by his own conscience and decides to make an apology to her at once.
艾德华坐立不安，因为他刚才对安娜很不礼貌，他现在受到良知的责备，决定立刻去向她道歉。
slap sb on the back 对某人表示赞赏或鼓励：
Father slapped his son on the back and told him that he had done good work.
父亲拍拍他儿子的脊背，赞赏他说，他做得很好。
sleep on sth(常作sleep on it) 把问题留到第二天解决：
It is already midnight and we are all tired，let’s sleep on it.
现在已经是半夜了，我们又都疲倦了，让我们把问题留待第二天解决吧。
sleep/stand/sit on a volcano 如坐在火山上;处境危险：
Never do things inappropriate or else you will sleep on a volcano.
永远也不要做不当之事，如果你做了，你将如同坐在火山上一样。
smile on / upon 1
对……赞许;对……加以青睐：
Our manager smiles on Philip for he has done so much business for the company and won considerable profit.
我们经理对菲力普非常赞许，因为他已经为公司做了这么多的业务，赚了很多利润。
2
厚待;眷顾：
Fortune always smiles on Mr Todd，he has a happy family，a decent job and he succeeds in everything he does.
幸运之神永远眷顾陶德先生，他有一个幸福的家庭，一份优异的工作，无论做什么事都成功。
spit on / upon 1
向……吐唾沫：
The weight lifter went up on a stage，spat on his palms and prepared to lift a huge barbell.
那位举重运动员登上台，向手心上吐些唾沫，准备举一个巨大的杠铃。
2
对……表示藐视、憎恶、侮辱等：
Mother spat on her child and told him that she detested him when she saw his small dirty face and small dirty hands.
当妈妈看到她小孩的小脏脸小脏手时，她啐了他一口并且告诉他她厌恶他。
split on a rock 遭遇意外灾难或危险：
Everyone is possible to split on a rock，so he should put away something for a rainy day.
每个人都可能遭受意外灾害，所以应当未雨绸缪。
sponge on 寄食于(某人);依(某人)为生：
We all despise George，he has already grown up but still sponges on his parents.
我们都渺视乔治，他已经长大成人了但仍然依靠父母为生。
spoon on 痴爱：
Peter spoons on a girl，he always wants to do some service to please her.
彼得痴爱一位姑娘，他总想为她服务以便使她高兴。
spring a surprise on 使……大吃一惊：
When Ivan suddenly jumped out from Jenny’s back，he sprang a surprise on her.
当伊凡忽然从珍妮背后跳出来时，把她吓了一跳。
spring sth on (向某人)突然提出;突然带来：
The present situation has sprung a new problem on us.
目前的情况突然向我们提出一个新的问题。
stand first on the list 居首位;列前茅：
My colleague stands first on the list in character and ability，so he is high in our manager’s favour.
我的同事在品德上和能力上位列前茅，所以他深受我们经理的关切。
(do sth) standing on one’s head很容易地(做某事)：
This equation may be difficult to other students，but Dick can solve it standing on his head.
这道方程式对别的学生是难的，但是狄克能轻而易举地把它解出来。
stand on ceremony 客气：
When our guests seem rather reserved and withdrawn，we ask them not to stand on ceremony and make themselves at home.
当我们的客人们有些拘谨时，我们请求他们不要客气，要像在自己家里一样随便。
stand on one’s defence 抵抗;自卫：
When a man is attacked unreasonably，the law allows him the right to stand on his defence.
当一个人受到无理攻击时，法律规定他有权进行自卫。
stand on one’s head/hands (以双手或头顶)倒立;拿大顶：
Naughty boys all stand on their heads along a wall，they are having a competition who can stand longest in such a form.
顽皮男孩们都顺着墙倒立，他们正在进行比赛，看谁能倒立得时间最长。
stand on one’s own bottom 独自;自力更生：
That ambitious young man refused to be provided by his relatives，he preferred standing on his own bottom.
那位有志气的青年拒绝接受他亲戚们的供养，他愿自力更生。
stand on one’s own legs/feet 自立;自助：
Children from rich families can hardly stand on their own legs because they have cultivated the habit of dependence.
富家出来的孩子们很难自立，因为他们已经养成依赖的习惯。
stand on stepping-stones 小心翼翼按照常规行事：
Since he was promoted as chief account，he has always stood on stepping-stones lest he should make mistakes.
自从他被提拔为总会计师以来，他一直小心翼翼按照常规行事，惟恐犯错误。
stand on/upon one’s dignity 保持尊严(拒绝做有失身份的事)：
The boy stood on his dignity and tried to behave himself as an adult.
那男孩保持尊严，一举一动都力求跟大人一样。
start on 开始(工作、旅程等)：
At last the man started on his journey home which he had parted for tens of years.
最后，那人踏上了他回到阔别数十年的老家的旅途。
stay on 继续停留：
When other tourists went on with their journey，one tourist stayed on in London to call on some old acquaintances.
当其他旅游者继续他们的旅行时，有一个旅游者继续在伦敦停留，访问他的老相识。
Steady on! 〈警告语〉当心!小心! 别急! Steady on! You nearly knock the glass out of my hand.
当心!你险些把我手中的玻璃杯碰掉。
steal a march on (偷偷地)抢在(某人)之先：
This mischievous boy stole a march on his little brother，eating the fruit their mother had bought for them.
这个淘气的男孩偷偷地抢在他的小弟弟之先，吃妈妈给他们买来的水果。
step on the gas 〈美〉踩(汽车的)加速器;加速;加油干：
They stepped on the gas in their work so as to finish it ahead of time.
他们加速他们的工作，以便提前做完。
stern on 船尾向前地：
A big ship moved slowly stern on to get nearer to her berth.
一只大轮船船尾向前缓慢移动以便靠近它的泊位。
stick it on 〈俚语〉要高价;夸大其词：
Pedlars often stick it on when their fruit is scare in food markets.
当商贩们的水果在菜市场上稀少时，他们时常要高价。
stick on 1
停留在;保持在：
Connie was so tired that she stuck on her seat and did not wish to stand up.
康妮太累了，她停在座位上不愿意站起来。
2
粘上;贴上：
This dexterous girl cut many little paper animals and stuck them on her window.
这位灵巧的姑娘剪了许多小动物的剪纸，并把它们贴在她的窗户上。
strike on / upon 偶然发现(某物)：
To their delight，explorers struck on a new path which led to top of a precipice.
使探险家们高兴的是，他们偶然发现一个新的通住悬崖顶上的小径。
study up on 〈美口语〉对……进行仔细研究：
They are studying up on our demands and will give us an answer in a few days.
他们正在对我们的要求进行仔细研究，几天之内就给我们答复。
stumble on/upon 无意中发现;偶然找到：
This mathematician stumbled on a new way of proving Goldbach’s conjecture and thus he won an international prize.
这位数学家无意中发现一个证明哥德巴赫猜想的新方法，因而获得一项国际奖金。
switch sth on 接通(电源);打开(电器)：
When he returned to his own bedroom，he switched the radio on to listen to radio English.
当他回自己的卧室时，他打开收音机收听无线电英语教学。
swoop down on/upon 飞下来猛扑;突然袭击：
Eagles are ferocious fowls，they often swoop down on small animals from the sky.
鹰是凶猛的飞禽，它们时常从天空飞下来猛扑小动物。
take a gamble on 在(某事物)上冒险：
Sometimes the man took a gamble on stock exchange，trying to make some money from it.
有时那人在买卖股票上冒险，试图从它上面赚一些钱。
take a grip on 紧握(某物);抓住(某物)：
When mother and son had a stroll in the streets，the son always took a grip on his mother’s hand.
当母子二人在大街上闲逛时，那小孩总是紧握着他妈妈的手。
take a grip on oneself 〈口语〉不再懒散;集中注意力：
Our teacher asked us to take a grip on ourselves when he gave his lecture.
我们老师要求我们，他讲课时要集中注意力听讲。
take /catch sb on the bound 利用某人(受挫后)的情绪波动(而劝其改变行径);利用某人的暂时软弱而施加压力：
When Jim was scolded by his teacher for behaving rudely，his mother took him on the bound and asked him to behave politely henceforth.
当吉姆由于举止粗鲁而受到老师的责骂时，他的母亲利用他挨骂后的情绪波动，劝他今后举止要文雅。
take compassion on 同情：
People of disaster areas are all our compatriots，we take much compassion on their sufferings.
灾区人民都是我们的同胞，我们对他们所受的苦难深表同情。
take count on 1
清点：
They took count on the goods in the warehouse to check their account.
他们清点仓库中的货物以核对账目。
2
重视：
Our manager took count on that able young man and promoted him as his assistant.
我们经理重视那个有能力的青年，把他晋升为他的助理。
take it on the chin 〈俚语〉输;忍受责罚：
Last time they took it on the chin when they had a match with that champion team，but they were not discouraged，they now challenge that team again.
上次他们跟该冠军队比赛时输掉了，但是他们并不气馁，现在他们又向该队挑战。
take no count on 看不起;轻视：
We should never take no account on others because we ourselves also have shortcomings.
我们不应当轻视别人，因为我们自己也有缺点。
take on 1
〈口语〉激动;伤心：
Adam took on very much when he heard some slanders against him.
当亚当听到一些对他的诽谤时，非常伤心。
2
风行;流行：
Tango and tango music have taken on among young people in recent years.
探戈舞和探戈乐曲近年以来已经在年轻人中间流行。
take sth on 1
呈现(新貌等);具有(性质、特征等)：
New paint takes on an elastic coat when exposed to sunlight.
被阳光暴晒时，新式涂料现出一层弹性的外壳。
2
承担：
People pay respect to him because he never hesitates in taking on responsibilities at work.
人们尊重他，因为他在工作上勇于负责。
take sb on 1
(指车辆)接纳(乘客)：
Our train took on several hundred passengers and ran on its rails.
我们列车承载数百位旅客在轨道上行驶。
2
聘用;雇用：
That large enterprise has taken on many new workers to hurry its production.
那家大企业雇用了许多新工人以加紧生产。
3
(火车等)把……载过目的地：
Some passengers were taken on to a farther station，they had to be carried back.
一些旅客被运送过了站，他们必须被送回。
take sth on one’s back 背负某物：
A peasant took a bag of corn on his back and went to town.
一位农民背负一袋谷物向城里走去。
take sth on one’s own shoulders自己担当(责任等)：
People respect such superiors because they take the responsibility on their own shoulders when there is a mistake.
人们尊重这样的领导，因为在发生错误时，他们自己承担了责任。
take sb on the hip 压倒某人;使某人处于劣势：
It is surprising to see that a new football team takes a former champion team on the hip in that match.
看起来令人惊讶，一个新足球队竟然在那次比赛中压倒了前冠军队。
take sth on/upon oneself 承担某事：
Martin is both efficient and ardent，when there are tasks too difficult for others，he would take them upon himself on his own initiative.
马丁既有能力又热心，当有些任务太难，别人不能做时，他就主动地承担下来，自己去做。
take responsibility on/upon oneself承担责任：
This old man commands admiration from us all，he retreats when there are honours，but when there are serious things，he takes responsibility on himself.
那位老人值得我们每个人钦佩，因为，当有荣誉时他就让给别人，当有严重事情时，他就承担责任。
tell on / upon 对(某人)产生效果;对(某人)产生影响：
Our encouragement has told on this young man，he becomes more enthusiastic and diligent in his work.
我们的鼓励对这位青年产生了效果，他在工作上更热心更勤勉了。
tell tales on 背后讲人坏话;搬弄是非：
It is absolutely undesirable to tell tales on others，we upright people never do things like that，on the contrary，we hate it bitterly.
背后讲别人坏话是绝对不可取的行为，我们正直的人绝对不做这种事，相反地，我们对它深恶痛绝。
think on/upon 考虑;思量：
This respectable old scholar is a prudent and careful man，he thinks upon every action thrice before he takes it.
这位令人尊重的老学者是个谨慎小心的人，他对自己的每个行动都是三思而后行。
thousand upon thousand 成千上万：
Thousand upon thousand people go vacationing in scenic spots and historical sites every summer and autumn.
每年夏季和秋季，成千上万的人们到各名胜古迹地点度假。
throw a crime upon 把罪推到(某人)身上：
It is strictly forbidden to throw a crime upon other，this will aggravate their guilt.
绝对禁止把罪推到别人身上，这将加重他们的罪。
throw a wet blanket on/upon 对……泼冷水;使扫兴：
When people meet with failure in their work，never throw a wet blanket on them，on the contrary，we should encourage them to try again.
当人们在工作上遭受失败时，绝对不要向他们泼冷水;相反的，我们应当鼓励他们再努力。
throw sb back on 使某人重新依靠;使回头依赖：
Through lessons of reality，we are thrown back on our old friends.
经过现实的教训，我们被迫重新依靠我们的老朋友。
throw cold water on 对……泼冷水;使扫兴：
His ambition is to set up a large laboratory of his own，no difficulty can throw cold water on him.
他的雄心壮志是建立一个属于自己的实验室，没有任何困难能够使他灰心。
throw discredit on/upon 怀疑;不信任：
He speaks hem and haw，this makes people throw discredit upon him.
他说话吞吞吐吐，这使人们对他起了疑心。
throw doubt upon 怀疑：
The man often breaks his word，this let us throw doubt upon him.
这个人时常不遵守诺言，这使我们怀疑他。
throw fresh light on 对……提供新情况：
We are all interested in the football match between two well-known teams，perhaps tomorrow’s newspaper will throw fresh light on it.
我们都对那两个著名球队的足球比赛发生兴趣，明天的报纸大概将对这场比赛提供一些新的情况。
throw sth on 匆忙或粗心地穿上(指衣物)：
When he woke up，he found that it was already late，so he threw on his clothes and hurried out.
当他醒来时，发现时间已经晚了，于是他匆匆穿上衣服，匆匆外出。
throw oneself on/upon 信赖于;仰赖于：
Tom is an optimist，he never worries about his future but throws himself on his fate.
汤姆是个乐天派，他从来不为自己的未来担心，而是仰赖于他的命运。
throw sb on the trail 甩掉某人的跟踪;甩掉尾巴：
When the husband found his fierce wife tailing behind，he turned into a small lane at once and threw her on the trail.
当丈夫发现他凶恶的妻子跟踪他时，他立即拐入一个小胡同，甩掉了他的妻子。
throw / pour cold water on 向……泼冷水：
This office worker has been criticized，because he often throws cold water on those who work hard.
这位职员受到批评，因为他时常向努力工作的人泼冷水。
time on sb’s hands 闲暇;余暇：
Mary is very busy and has no time on her hands lately.
玛丽非常忙，最近她没有余暇。
touch sb on a raw/sore/tender place 触到某人痛处;大伤某人感情：
Never talk about a man’s failing before his face，for it touches him on a sore place.
在别人面前不要谈论他的短处，因为那将大伤他的感情。
touch on/upon 提到;谈到;简单涉及：
This article is mainly on philosophy，but it also touches on logic.
这篇文章主要论述哲学，但它也简略地谈到逻辑学。
trade on/upon (为自私的目的)利用;(利用别人的善意)占便宜：
He should feel ashamed of himself，for he has traded upon our good will.
他应当感到羞耻，因为他滥用我们的好意，图谋他的私利。
train sth on/upon 把某物指向;瞄准：
When a large fierce eagle appeared in the sky，the hunter trained his hunting rifle on it and fired at once.
当一只凶恶的大鹰出现在天空时，那猎人立即把猎枪瞄准大鹰开枪。
tread on 踩;践踏：
Teachers ask their pupils not to pick flowers and tread on grass in the park.
老师们要求他们的学生在公园里不要折花和践踏草地。
tread on air 非常快乐：
Little Tom treads on air because his birthday draws near and his parents have promised to buy a bicycle for him as their gift.
小汤姆非常快乐，因为他的生日临近了，他的父母已经答应给他买一辆自行车作为给他的生日礼物。
tread on sb’s corns 令人不快;触犯某人：
Our neighbour is an irritable person，each time we have a talk with him，we only talk about something pleasant to him so as not to tread on his corns.
我们的邻人是一位脾气暴躁的人，每当我们跟他谈话时，我们只谈一些他喜欢的事情，以免令他不快。
tread on delicate ground 接触微妙问题;碰到棘手问题：
After we took over this task，we began to perceive that we had trodden on delicate ground.
在我们把这项任务接过来以后，我们才开始觉察到我们碰到的是个棘手问题。
tread (as)on eggs 如履薄冰;战战兢兢：
When travellers entered a primeval forest，they became much afraid and felt like treading on eggs because there might be danger at any moment.
当旅行者们走进一个原始森林时，他们非常害怕，战战兢兢，因为随时都可能发生危险。
tread on sb’s heels 紧跟着某人：
Each time the little child went out playing，his little dogs and little cats would tread on his heels at every step.
每当那个小孩出去玩时，他的小狗小猫就紧跟在他的后面，亦步亦趋。
tread on sb’s kibes 令人不快;触犯某人：
The girl has an intense sense of self-esteem，people all dare not mention her shortcomings in her presence so as not to tread on her kibes.
这位姑娘有强烈的自尊心，人们都不敢当她的面提到她的缺点以免触犯她。
tread on one’s own tail 自己害自己：
One should do good to others，it is abject and shameful to frame up other people，if a person should do like this，in eight or nine cases out of ten，he would tread on his own tail.
人应当与人为善，陷害别人是卑鄙可耻的，如果有人竟然这样做，十有八九，他将害了他自己。
tread on sb’s toes 踏某人脚尖;触怒某人：
This young man talked about the shortcomings of a proud man before his face，thus he trod on his toes.
这位青年当着一个骄傲的人的面谈论他的缺点，因而触怒了那个人。
try it on 〈俚语〉尝试;试试：
My friend has never made an academic speech before so many scientists，but he will try it on tomorrow.
我的朋友向来没有在如此多的科学家面前做过学术报告，但他明天将要试一试。
try sth on 1
试穿(指衣物)：
Mother sewed some new shirts for her son and let him try them on.
妈妈给他的儿子做了几件新衬衣，叫儿子试穿一下。
2
耍弄;玩弄(花招、诡计等)：
We should take precaution against them they are trying their tricks on us.
我们要提防他们，他们正在对我们玩弄花招。
turn(sb) on (使)感到高兴、兴奋：
The message that her son would soon be back safely turned her on at once.
听到她儿子不久将平安归来的消息，她立刻激动起来。
turn sth on 打开;启开(液体、电流、瓦斯等)：
Mother turned on the light at midnight to see whether her son had returned.
妈妈半夜时开开灯，看看她的儿子回来了没有。
turn one’s back on 背弃;(在不应离开时)离开：
He has always been kind to me，now he is ill and poor and I should not turn my back on him.
他一直对我很好，现在他贫病交加，我可不能对他置之不理。
turn on one’s heel 急向后转;急转身：
On his way back home，Joseph turned on his heel several times to make sure his pet dog was tailing behind.
约瑟夫在回家的路上急转身好几次，以便确定一下他的爱犬正在后面尾随着他。
turn on the gas 打开煤气;〈口语〉打开话匣子：
Once this talkative woman turned on the gas，it would be difficult for her to turn it off.
这位好说话的妇女一旦打开话匣子，就很难关上。
turn on the waterworks 〈口语〉哭起来：
A little child turned on the waterworks because his mother did not buy a bicycle for him as she had promised before.
一个小孩哭了起来，因为他的母亲没有给他买自行车，而母亲以前已经许诺给他买的。
turn the cold shoulder on 对……冷淡、冷待：
Mary turned the cold shoulder on her friends because they had refused to accompany her home several days before.
玛丽对她的朋友们很冷淡，因为前些日子他们拒绝陪她回家。
upon further acquaintance 经过一段结识以后：
Upon further acquaintance，we began to know that the man was a retired sailor.
经过一段结识以后，我们开始知道那个人是一位退休的海员。
upon my life (插入语)我敢打赌;以我的生命发誓：
Upon my life，he is an honest man，we have associated with each other for years.
我敢打赌，他是个正直的人，我们已经交往多年。
Upon my word! (表示惊讶)我的天呀! 哎呀! Upon my word! I have not seen that naughty boy only for a few years and he has grown into a handsome young man now.
我的天呀! 几年的功夫我没有看见那个淘气男孩，他现在已经长成一个英俊的青年了。
upon that 于是(立刻)：
Alice has asked me several times to help her with her chemistry，upon that I decide to help her on Sunday.
爱丽丝已经多次请求我给她讲讲化学课程，于是我决定星期日去给她讲。
value oneself on/upon (以某物)自夸;自负：
The man values himself on his knowledge about astronomy，but，as a matter of fact，he can’t even distinguish a nebula from a galaxy.
那人自夸他的天文学知识丰富，但是实际上他连星云、星系都分辨不清。
vent one’s spleen on 对(某人)大发脾气;拿(某人)出气：
He is irritable in temper and often vents his spleen on others when he is unpleasant，so we all keep away from him.
他性情暴躁，在他不高兴的时候时常对别人大发脾气，所以我们都躲开他。
venture on 冒险从事：
These scientists venture on an exploration to untraversed remote mountains to investigate wild animals living there.
这些科学家冒险到人迹罕见的深山去考察在那里生活的野生动物。
wage/make war on/upon 对……进行战争;向……开战：
Nazi Germany deliberately planned to wage war upon its neighbouring countries so as to annex them.
纳粹德国处心积虑地要跟它的邻国开战以便吞并他们。
wait on sb hand and foot 忠心伺候;竭力伺候：
Court officials waited on their king hand and foot so that they might find favour in his eyes.
朝臣们忠心伺候他们的国王以便得到他的宠爱。
wait on table 伺候进餐：
Queen Victoria had many servants in her court，some of them waited on table when she took dinner.
维多利亚女王在她的宫殿里有许多仆从，其中有些人在她吃饭时伺候进餐。
wait on/upon 服侍;侍候：
When the old mother was ill，all her children waited upon her whole-heartedly.
当老母亲生病时，她的所有儿女都忠心地伺候她。
walk on/upon air 喜气洋洋;乐得飘飘如仙：
The child walked upon air because he was praised by both his teacher and his mother.
那小孩喜气洋洋，因为他既受到老师的夸奖，又受到他妈妈的夸奖。
waste sth on 在……上浪费某物;徒耗：
We need not waste our time on such trifle things.
我们用不着在这种琐碎的事情上浪费时间。
wear on 慢腾腾地进行;拖下去：
That meeting wore on the whole afternoon and nothing important was solved at it.
会议慢腾腾地进行了一个下午，什么重要的事也未解决。
wear one’s heart on/upon one’s sleeve 心直;十分坦率：
We like to make friends with that youth，he wears his heart on his sleeve.
我们喜欢跟那个青年交朋友，因为他十分坦率。
weigh on sb’s mind 使某人闷闷不乐：
Mary offended her friends unintentionally and they no longer talked to her，this weighed much on her mind.
玛丽不是故意得罪她的朋友们，而他们都不再跟她说话了，这使得玛丽闷闷不乐。
when the fit is on one 当某人一时高兴时：
When the fit is on him，he will treat you as his intimate friend，but when the fit is over，he will treat you coldly.
当他一时高兴时，他会把你当做亲密的朋友对待，但是当他不高兴时，他就对你冷冰冰的。
wipe one’s boots on 侮辱(某人)：
We should never wipe our boots on others no matter when and where，because that is utterly wrong.
无论何时何地我们都不应该侮辱别人，因为那是极端错误的。
work one’s will on 操纵(某人);使(某人)做自己想要他做的事：
The husband is not in a position to decide anything，for his wife always works her will on him.
这位丈夫什么事也做不了主，因为妻子总想叫他做她想做的事。
work on one’s own account 为自己的利益打算：
A selfless man always works on account of others while a selfish man always works on his own account.
一位大公无私的人永远为别人而工作，一个自私自利的人则总为自己的利益打算。
work on/upon 设法说服;激起;激发;影响：
Her sad sufferings have worked on our sympathy，we want very much to do something to help her.
她的悲惨遭遇激起了我们的同情心，我们非常想做些事情来帮助她。
You are on it.
〈美俚语〉就这样办了。这事就这样定了。
When the buyer offered a price satisfactory to the seller，the seller said，“You are on it.
”当买方出了一个使卖方满意的价格时，卖方说：“这事就这样定了。”
You may rely upon it.
放心吧。
错不了。You may rely upon it，we will do our best to help you.
放心吧，我们将尽最大努力来帮助你。


李士钧 编著.
英语介词用法词典.
天津：
天津科学技术出版社.
2003
第613-701页.
随便看

　

英语用法大全包含115条英语用法指南，基本涵盖了全部常用英文词汇及语法点的翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。

　

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间：2025/6/16 17:11:42