词组 | since you were sure |
释义 | since you were sure 【问】 Try to decide how long it has been since you were sure of your position. 这是《英语阅读丛书》第一册上的一句话。我觉得since you were sure of your position. (自从你确知你的位置以来,在你确定你的位置以后)似乎与句意不符。 【答】 这种用法对于学习英语的中国人来说,似乎有点难于理解。但是,如能抓住它的特点,还是可以掌握的。 当since从句的动词为was (were)时,由于be是个持续性动词,与它所联系的常常是一个时间段,而不是一个时间点。但是,如大家所知道的,since从句有时候是用来表示主句动作的起点的(from that point of time)。那末主句动作的起点是从since从句所表达的时间段的开始点算起呢?还是从该时间段的结束点(终点)算起呢?这就给我们的理解和翻译带来了困难。请考察下面的例句: 1. I have lived here since I was a child. 2. Since he was in the army,he has been in much better health. 3. I haven't seen him since we were boys together. 4. It's been ten years since they were last here. 5. We had not met since we had been at college together. (Wilde) 看来,我们只能根据句意来加以判断。句(1)和句(2)显然是从since从句的开始点算起的。因此应分别译为: 1.从我是个孩子的时候起就一直住在这里。 2.打他参军后身体健康多了。 但是句(3)、(4)、(5)却是从since从句所表达的时间段的结束点算起,因此应译为: 3.自从我们孩童时分开以来我一直没有见到他。 4.自从他们上次离开这儿已经过了10年了。 5.自从我们大学毕业后,我们再没见过面。 你所提问的《英语阅读丛书》上的句子与句(3)很相似:主句的动作起点应当从since从句所表达的时间段的结束点算起。 尽量判定出在你不能确定自己位置以后过了多长时间。 (参见 since he was in the army) 赵振才 编著.英语常见问题解答大词典.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社.1998.第1060页. |
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