| 词组 | drunk, drunken |
| 释义 | drunk, drunken The usual observation is that drunk is regularly used as a predicate adjective and that drunken is usual in the attributive position, before the modified noun. This observation is, in general, still true. Drunk is used both literally and figuratively as a predicate adjective: • By nine he was incoherently drunk —Gregory McDonald, Fletch, 1974 • ... watching the cream of Bluegrass Society getting drunker and drunker —Hunter S. Thompson, Rolling Stone, 5 July 1973 • ... he was drunk with the shape and sound of words —Morris Dickstein, N. Y. Times Book Rev. 3 July 1983 Overall it has only occasional attributive use in speech: • It occurred to me then that no general can win a war with a drunk army —Jesse Jackson, quoted by Robert Friedman, Esquire, December 1979 But it is regularly used attributively before the words driver and driving. It has been so used for some time, judging from the frequency with which Theodore Bernstein censured its appearance in the New York Times, and, especially since the 1980s, is preferred in that use: • ... the Europeans are particularly tough on drunk driving —Paul Hoffman, Saturday Rev., 10 Feb. 1973 • ... about three Americans are killed and 80 are injured by drunk drivers every hour of every day — Newsweek, 13 Sept. 1982 • Law enforcement is only one part of the nationwide campaign against drunk drivers —editorial, Springfield (Mass.) Daily News, 16 Dec. 1985 When drunk is a past participle modifying a noun, it may also precede the noun: • ... and a half drunk cup of black coffee ... on the bedside table —Tim Cahill, Rolling Stone, 2 Mar. 1972 Drunken is the usual choice in attributive uses with words other than driver or driving: • Might not the presence of the police chiefs small son, if physically unimposing, yet have stayed the drunken hand that plunged the knife? —James Park Sloan, The Case History of Comrade V., 1972 • The drunken slaughter over the past decade is a staggering one-quarter of a million Americans —Newsweek, 13 Sept. 1982 Drunken, rather than drunk, is used to indicate habitual drinking as distinguished from a state of intoxication. In this use it may even be found as a predicate adjective: • A brother drinks and the family is dubbed drunken —Carll Tucker, Saturday Rev., 23 June 1979 |
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