【问】 The younger(is) the child,the more is the child's need of sleep. Generally the higher(is) the fever,the quicker(is) the pulse. (上海第二医学院主编《英语语法》,P.20《英语》第二册) 如果谓语动词为be,是不是像上面的例句所表述的那样前后两个分句都必须主谓倒装? 【答】 要想把这个问题搞清楚,必须把位于前面的从句(第一个the...)和位于后面的主句(第二个the...)分开讨论。 从句(第一个the...)中的谓语动词,不管是be,还是其他动词,都不用倒装(连系动词be常常省略)。因此,上面两个例句中(is)的位置是不正确的。下面的托福题可以证明这一点: The stronger______magnet,the greater the number of lines of magnetic force.A. of B. the C. is the D. is of the(TOEFL,85.5) 答案为B(the),而把C(is the)判为错误。 再请考察下面的实例: 1. The bigger they are[CSV],the harder they fall. (RCD) 2. The later you arrive[ASV],the better the food is. (CGEL) 3. The less wit a man has[OSV],the less he knows that he wants it. (Prov) 而在主句(第二个the...)中,主语和谓语既可以采用正装语序,也可以采用倒装语序。 这里没有语法规则上的强制要求,作者可根据结构特点和信息焦点的分布来安排语序: 1.The later you arrive,the better the food is.[CSV](CGEL) 2. The more I think about it,the less I like it.[ASV](Cronin) 3. The more socialism spreads,the stronger become the forces of peace. [CVS] 4. The nearer their doom draws,the more desperately will the enemy put up struggle.[AVS] 5. “It's not easy to mow this lawn. ”“But the more difficult a job is,____. ” A. it is rewarding more B. it is more rewarding C. the more rewarding it is. D. the more rewarding it is being. (TOEFL,75. 9) 6. The noisier they were,the better was their mother pleased. (EEG) 7. The higher we go up a mountain,the smaller and lighter are the grains of dust aroundus. (the)...the4 【问】 Vibrations become weaker the farther they go. 上面的句子似乎不符合由the... the…引导的比例句的构造规则。 【答】 一般的比例句,是从句在前,主句在后,这是跟汉语的语序相一致的。但是,英语的比例句有时是主句在前,从句在后。这跟汉语的语序恰好相反。 1. I play the better,the more I practice. 我越练,就弹得越好。 2. They liked the book better the more it made them cry. (EEG) 这本书越使他们落泪,他们就越喜欢它。 请注意,当主句在前时,形容词或副词比较级前的副词the常常省略,如你所提问的句子以及例(2)。(参见the harder... the...)