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词组 instead of
释义
instead of1     

instead of doing/instead to do

【问】 有的书认为下列句子是错误的:

×I advised her to go out more instead of to stay at home all the time.

而应改为:

√I advised her to go out more instead of staying at home all the time.并解释说:insteadof后接something或doing something。但是我在语法书中却读到这样一个范例:

It must be so frightful to have to put things on in order to look better,instead of to stripthings off (CGEL).

这是怎么回事呢?

【答】 A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language的作者们认为instead of是个“边缘介词”,它不仅可以后接something(代词则用宾格)或doing something,还可以接动词不定式来作它的宾语。而且,instead of +to-V已被证明为标准的书面英语(§9.3)。他们还论证说,上面的句子之所以采用动词不定式to strip,而不采用动名词stripping,是为了保证与前面的to put保持平行关系。类例:

1. You ought to weep instead of laugh. (Jespersen)

你该哭而不该笑。

2. He went there to gain money instead of to spend money. (Shaw)

他到那儿去是为了赚钱而不是花钱的。

3. They will use their power to rationalise capitalism instead of to destroy it. (Shaw)

他们将运用他们的权力来使资本主义合理化,而不是去毁灭它。

建议:对于英语考生来说,记住instead of后接something或doing something,就足够了。对于英语教师来说,则必须懂得instead of是后接doing something,还是后接to do some-thing,是有选择余地的,不要轻率地将instead of后接to do something的句子一律判为错句。此外,还应掌握,instead of还可以后接介词短语、形容词甚至as从句:

1. He studies in the evening instead of during the day. (ELD)

他晚上学习,而不是在白天。

2. The play acts better,instead of worse,than it reads,(Yeats)

这个剧本演出的效果比阅读效果好,而不是坏。

3. He pictures people as he sees them instead of as they are. (CGEL)

他描述的人物,是他所看见的那样,而不是他们真实的样子。


赵振才 编著.英语常见问题解答大词典.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社.1998.第603-604页.
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更新时间:2024/10/30 12:18:06