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词组 marry
释义

■ marry

1) 动词 marry 无论是作为及物或是不及物动词,都是表示瞬间动作,属第四类动词,除非表示反复或习惯动作,或是用于表示将来的时间状语从句,不能有一般现在时。

2) 作为不及物动词,主语可以是男方一人或女方一人,也可以是男女双方,但不能加上 with + 对方。

  • He married (*married with her) in 1996.他和她 1996 年结婚。
  • They married (*married with each other, *married each other) in Shanghai.他们在上海结婚。

3) 作为及物动词,marry 可以指男方“娶”女方,也可以指女方“嫁给”男方。也可以指家长给儿子娶媳妇或嫁出(常常加上副词 out,成为 marry out)女儿,或是证婚人(在西方往往是牧师或神父或法官)主持宣布两人结为夫妻。另外,he married his wife 或 she married her husband 的说法,有些人认为等于说婚前已经是夫妻,不合逻辑。其实,合不合逻辑姑且勿论,这样的说法本身就是不必要的多余,说 he married 或 she married 就完全足够了。

4) 由于结婚不光是夫妻俩人自己办的事,往往牵涉到家长和牧师或法官来操办,因此就出现一个“被动”的意义(参见 swear, graduate 条等,也有类似的情况),marry 也就产生被动语态 be married 与 get married(例如一篇介绍 2007 年上任,2008 年因丑闻辞职)的纽约州州长 Eliot Spitzer 家庭情况的文章就说:

  • The Spitzers were married in 1987 by US District Court Judge Robert Workman Sweet. (were married是十足的被动语态)。

get married 是“结婚”的瞬间动作(第四类动词);be married 则通常是延续状态(第一类动词)。除非是指反复习惯性的行为,或是用于表示将来的时间状语从句,get married 不可以有一般现在时;而 be married 则可以,也可以用 for 来说明这个状态延续的时间长短。

  • He has been married to his wife Cindy for thirty-six years. Their daughter Eve is married to a Havard professor.她同他的妻子辛迪已经结婚三十六年。他们的女儿伊芙嫁给了一位哈佛教授。
  • He was married to the actress from 1978 to 1985.他在 1978 年至 1985 年期间同那个女演员有婚姻关系。
  • They got married last month.他们上个月结了婚。

但是 be married 也可以同 get married 一样用作第四类动词,指瞬间的“结婚”行为。

  • He and his wife were married in 1979.他和他妻子是 1979 年结的婚。

He was married with... 后面可以是“他的妻子(要有独特的说明,不能笼统说 a woman 或 his wife 等“废话”)”,也可以是“几个子女”。

  • He was married with a black woman.他娶了一个黑人妻子。
  • He was married with five children.他已婚,有五个孩子。

5) to be married 可以是瞬时行动,也可以是延续状态。派生的名词 marriage 也可以或者是瞬时行动,或者是延续状态。美国政府发出的一个填写个人情况的表格,里面提到填写人的过去配偶时,问 date of marriage(结婚日期),这里的 marriage 指瞬时的行动;又问 date marriage ended(婚姻结束日期),这里的 marriage 指延续的婚姻状态。

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更新时间:2024/10/30 8:29:40