...more rapidly... the larger 【问】 Equation 3. 8 indicates that the free energy of a given phase decreases more rapidly withthe rise in temperature,the larger its specific heat. [原译]公式(3. 8)表明,随着温度的上升,某一相的自由能减少得越迅速,它的比热也越大。(《现代物理冶金学》,P.67) 请分析上面的译文是否正确。 【答】 译者由于没有弄懂英语句子的句法关系而把句子的意思完全弄反了。在象The higherthe temperature of a body,the quicker the motion of its molecules.(物体的温度越高,其分子的运动就越迅速。)这样的句型里,前面的分句为从句,后面的分句为主句。对于这种带有比例从句的句子,可按照英语的次序来翻译。例如: 1. The farther an object is above the earth's surface,the less it weighs. 物体离地面越高,其重量就越轻。 2. The greater the number of the free electrons in a material,the better is the conductivityof the material. 材料中自由电子的数量越大,该材料的导电性就越好。 3. The harder they worked,the hungrier they became. 他们越努力工作,他们越饿。 4. The hungrier they became,the harder they worked. 他们越饿,他们越努力工作。 但是,在象I play the better,the more I practise.这样的句型里,前面的分句为主句,后面分句为从句。因此翻译时应把次序颠倒过来,即把位于后面的比例从句译到前面去。例如: 1. A compound is considered the more stable,the smaller its potential energy. 势能越小,化合物就被认为越稳定。 2. An object draws the harder,the more matter it contains. 物体含有的物质越多,它的引力就越大。 3. The air can absorb the more water vapour,the higher its temperature. 空气的温度越高,它吸收的水蒸汽就越多。 4. A body weighs less the farther it gets from the surface of the Earth. (TOEFL,83. 11) 物体离地面越远,就越轻。 5. The force of gravity holds satellites in orbit. It also makes a ball fall faster and faster thelonger it falls. 重力能使卫星在轨道上运行,它还使球下落时,时间越长,降落速度越快。 [试译]公式(3.8)表明,某一相的比热越大,自由能随着温度升高而减小得就越快。 (参见the harder... the...,the... the... 2.4)